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Gastric neoplasm with foveolar-cell differentiation in Helicobacter pylori-naïve patients
No full textThe incidence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp)
naïve gastric neoplasms (HpNGNs) is increasing due to
a growing Hp-naïve population and improved
recognition. Among these, HpNGNs that predominantly
exhibit foveolar-cell differentiation include foveolar-type
gastric adenomas (FGA) and fundic gland polyps with
dysplasia (FGPD).
Traditionally, FGAs have been considered large,
whitish, flat lesions (flat-type FGA), primarily
associated with syndromic conditions, such as familial
adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and gastric adeno
carcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach
(GAPPS), while sporadic cases are rare. This type
exhibits a gastric immunophenotype with diverse
differentiation, mainly toward foveolar cells, and harbors
APC and KRAS mutations in all sporadic and most
syndromic cases.
A distinct subset of FGAs, termed foveolar-type
gastric adenoma with a raspberry-like appearance (FGA
RA), has been identified. It presents as small, reddish
polyps with unique macroscopic and microscopic
features and only occurs sporadically. FGA-RA often
mimics gastric hyperplastic polyps macroscopically and
typically exhibits low-grade dysplasia, making biopsy
based diagnosis challenging and leading to its historical
underrecognition. It shows pure foveolar differentiation
and consistently harbors Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4)
mutations.
FGPD primarily develops sporadically in Hp-naïve
individuals with long-term proton pump inhibitor use. A
syndromic form, resembling flat-type FGAs, is also
associated with FAP and GAPPS. Histologically, FGPD
features dysplasia confined to the superficial foveolar
epithelium and mucus neck cells overlying fundic gland
polyps, with APC mutations detected in approximately
50% of cases.
This review explores the clinicopathological and
molecular characteristics of HpNGNs with predominant
foveolar cell differentiation, emphasizing the need for an
updated histological diagnostic framewor
Publishing in Europeana. Doing more with less and not dying in the attemp
No full textThe OAI-PMH protocol plays an essential role in the dissemination of digital
collections in GLAM institutions (Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums). In
the Spanish context, Hispana has implemented requirements that determine the
incorporation of collections for participation in Europeana. This article analyzes the
administrative and technical requirements these institutions face to ensure their digital
collections are properly collected. It also highlights the need to map metadata
according to Dublin Core and EDM, thus ensuring interoperability between both
platforms. Finally, it analyzes how integrated library management systems (IMS) and
archival systems contribute to this process, highlighting the key role of customizing
these tools and how applying a set of practical guidelines for the use of cataloging or
description templates can simplify management and ensure successful digital
dissemination.El protocolo OAI-PMH desempeña un papel esencial en la difusión de colecciones digitales en instituciones GLAM (Galerías, Bibliotecas, Archivos y Museos). En el contexto español, Hispana ha impulsado requisitos que condicionan la incorporación de las colecciones para su participación en Europeana. Este artículo analiza los requisitos administrativos y técnicos que enfrentan dichas instituciones para que sus fondos digitales sean correctamente recolectados. Destaca, asimismo, la necesidad de mapear los metadatos conforme a Dublin Core y EDM, garantizando así la interoperabilidad en ambas plataformas. Finalmente, se analiza cómo los sistemas integrados de gestión bibliotecaria (SIGB) y archivística contribuyen a este proceso, resaltando el papel clave de la personalización de dichas herramientas y cómo la aplicación de un conjunto de pautas prácticas en el uso de plantillas de catalogación o descripción pueden simplificar la gestión y asegurar el éxito en la difusión digital
Validación del Cuestionario de Cogniciones en la Conducción (DCQ) en población general Española
No full textThe Driving Cognitions Questionnaire (DCQ; Ehlers et al., 2007) as-sesses social concerns, accidents, and panic attacks in driving phobia cases. This phobia has a prevalence for 2%- 6%, and impairs the ability to drive, often causing severe anxiety. We present a study on the psychometric properties of the DCQ adapted for the Spanish population. A total of 716 people participated (55.6% women) took part, with a mean age of 37.7 years (range from 18 to 80 years); of these, 41.8% reported some negative driving experiences. The DCQ demonstrated high internal consistency re-liability (between α = .92 and .97) and test-retest reliability (r = .73 to .87). It also showed strong convergent validity with the ISAT-3 questionnaire (r = .72 to .80). Exploratory factor analysis revealed three factors, whereas confirmatory factor analysis supported both two and three-factor models. A cut-off score of 52 indicates potential intervention needs as a criterion for considering the needs. We conclude that the DCQ is useful for as-sessing driving phobia and anxiety.El Driving Cognitions Questionnaire (DCQ; Ehlers et al., 2007) eva-lúa las preocupaciones sociales, accidentes y ataques de pánico en los casos de fobia a conducir. Esta fobia tiene una prevalencia entre el 2% y 6%, e inhabilita a la persona para conducir, o causando a menudo una gran ansie-dad. Se presenta un estudio sobre las características psicométricas del DCQ adaptado a población española. Han participado 716 personas (55.6% mu-jeres), de una edad media de 37.7 años, con un rango entre los 18 y 80 años, donde un 41.8% de ellos declararon haber tenido alguna experiencia negativa al conducir. El DCQ ha mostrado una alta fiabilidad por consis-tencia interna (entre α = .92 y .97), y test-retest (entre r = .73 y .87), y tam-bién alta validez convergente con el cuestionario ISAT-3 (entre r = .72 y .80). El análisis factorial exploratorio mostró los tres factores, mientras que el análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró un modelo con dos factores y otro con tres factores. Un punto de corte de 52 indicaría un posible criterio sobre la necesidad de una intervención potencial. Se concluye sobre la utili-dad del DCQ para la evaluación de fobia y ansiedad ante la conducción
Comparative analysis of kinetic parameters of sustainable branched esters obtained from lauric acid
No full textA comparison between four esterification reaction systems to obtain new sustainable branched esters using Novozym 435 as a biocatalyst, the same acid (lauric acid), and four alcohols with different chain lengths and side chains (2-hexyl-1-decanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-butyl-1-octanol, and 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol) has been carried out. The parameters of the reaction have been optimized in 0.5 g of biocatalyst, temperature of 70 °C, and the stoichiometric molar ratio (1:1). Under these conditions, conversion values of >90% are obtained in the four reactions. Using a kinetic model developed by the authors and based on a Bisubstrate Ping-Pong mechanism, where internal diffusional limitations are considered, the kinetic parameters for each reaction system were determined and the theoretical conversion values closely matched the experimental results, validating the model for this wide range of substrates. Attending at the conversion values obtained, where both the reaction rate and transport rate are considered, the esterification with 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol leads to the highest average rate, followed by the reactions with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-butyl-1-octanol, and, finally, 2-hexyl-1-decanol. In the first two systems, the ones with alcohols of shorter side chain and chain length, respectively, the kcat values are very high (49.526 and 90.13 Mh–1 g–1, respectively) and so is the reaction rate, leading to a high average rate. However, when 3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol is used, the conversion values decrease at long reaction times, due to the high volatility of this alcohol. In the reaction system with 2-butyl-1-octanol, there is mixed control of the reaction and transport stages with higher values of the effectiveness factor (above 0.5 in most cases). Finally, in the reaction with 2-hexyl-1-decanol, the alcohol with the longest chain length and side chain, and the highest molecular weight and viscosity, internal diffusional limitations are very high (with low values of the effectiveness factors as expected, around 0.2 for all conditions tested), and the reaction rate is quite low as well, which explains the low average rates obtained. The obtained branched esters are of interest in the biolubricant sector, and the kinetic parameters calculated in this study can be useful to allow simulation, further optimization, and scale up of the esterification process
Desafíos de la Integración de los Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robóticos en la Educación Médica de Posgrado : Revisión del Estado del Arte
No full textIntroducción. La cirugía robótica está transformando progresivamente la educación médica deposgrado (GME); no obstante, su incorporación en los programas de formación continúa siendoheterogénea, con deficiencias persistentes en el acceso, la estandarización curricular, la autonomíadel residente y la evaluación de competencias. Objetivo. Sintetizar y mapear los principalesdesafíos asociados con la integración de procedimientos quirúrgicos robóticos en la GME a travésde siete dominios: acceso, currículo, apoyo institucional, experiencia del residente, evaluación,barreras y resultados. La pregunta guía fue: ¿cuáles son los desafíos de integrar procedimientosquirúrgicos robóticos en la educación médica de posgrado? Métodos. Se realizó una revisióntemática narrativa de estudios revisados por pares, publicados en 2025, en idioma inglés eindexados en PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science. Se incluyeron estudios que evaluaran laintegración de procedimientos robóticos en programas de residencia o beca y abordaran al menosuno de los dominios predefinidos. Se excluyeron estudios no relacionados con GME, informestécnicos sin resultados formativos, artículos de opinión, preprints, duplicados y entrenamientos norobóticos. Diez estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los datos se extrajeron mediante unmarco estandarizado y no se realizó metaanálisis. Resultados. Los programas reportaron accesodesigual a plataformas robóticas, sistemas de doble consola, simuladores y tiempo de formaciónprotegido, lo que dio lugar a currículos fragmentados y basados en la competencia, con hitos pocodefinidos y apoyo institucional inconsistente. Aunque los residentes mostraron alta motivación, laexposición práctica fue variable y la autonomía en la consola limitada. Las herramientas deevaluación disponibles demostraron potencial, pero carecieron de validación robusta y alineaciónformal con los estándares de acreditación. La implementación se vio restringida además por loselevados costos, la escasez de docentes capacitados, preocupaciones médico-legales, limitacionesdel flujo de trabajo y desigualdades estructurales. Los resultados evidenciaron mejoras en métricasde simulación y procesos, mientras que la transferencia a la competencia quirúrgica independientey a mejores resultados clínicos fue inconsistente. Conclusiones. La integración de la cirugía robóticaen la GME sigue limitada por inequidades en el acceso y una infraestructura curricular einstitucional inconsistente. Su avance requerirá itinerarios formativos estandarizados y basados encompetencias, acceso equitativo a la tecnología e inversión sostenida en desarrollo docente,simulación, mentoría y sistemas de evaluación validadosIntroduction. Robotic surgery is progressively transforming postgraduate medical education(PME); however, its integration into training programs remains heterogeneous, with persistentshortcomings in access, curriculum standardization, resident autonomy, and competency
assessment. Objective. To synthesize and map the main challenges associated with integratingrobotic surgical procedures into PME across seven domains: access, curriculum, institutionalsupport, resident experience, assessment, barriers, and outcomes. The guiding question was: Whatare the challenges of integrating robotic surgical procedures into postgraduate medical education?Methods. A narrative thematic review was conducted of peer-reviewed studies published in 2025,in English, and indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies that evaluated theintegration of robotic procedures into residency or fellowship programs and addressed at least oneof the predefined domains were included. Studies unrelated to GME, technical reports withouttraining outcomes, opinion pieces, preprints, duplicates, and non-robotic training programs wereexcluded. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted using a standardizedframework, and no meta-analysis was performed. Results. The programs reported unequal accessto robotic platforms, dual-console systems, simulators, and protected training time, resulting infragmented, competency-based curricula with poorly defined milestones and inconsistentinstitutional support. Although residents showed high motivation, hands-on experience wasvariable, and autonomy at the console was limited. Available assessment tools showed potentialbut lacked robust validation and formal alignment with accreditation standards. Implementation was further constrained by high costs, a shortage of trained instructors, medico-legal concerns,workflow limitations, and structural inequalities. The results showed improvements in simulationmetrics and processes, while the transfer to independent surgical competence and improved clinicaloutcomes was inconsistent. Conclusions. The integration of robotic surgery into advanced medicaltraining remains limited by inequities in access and an inconsistent curricular and institutionalinfrastructure. Its advancement will require standardized, competency-based training pathways,equitable access to technology, and sustained investment in faculty development, simulation,mentorship, and validated assessment systems
Defence Contracting and Accrual-Based Earnings Management
No full textWe examine accrual-based earnings management in Spanish defence firms in 2011–2020, using a unique database from the Spanish Ministry of Defence. We find higher levels of accrual-based earnings management and lower accrual quality in firms where defence contracts represent a high proportion of their total sales. Defence contractors manage earnings upwards under financial constraints and downwards when profitability is high. These findings suggest that defence firms may strategically manage earnings to enhance financial image or reduce visibility. Distinguishing among current defence suppliers, potential suppliers, and nondefence firms, we show that earnings management occurs specifically in years with defence sales
“Personajes de la DANA: Ausencias y despedidas” de Antonio García López
No full textReseña publicada en la Revista Sinergias · Arte Visual y Escénico. ISSN: 2605-4418. Edita: Joan J. Soler Navarro, sobre la exposición Personajes de la DANA: Ausencias y despedidas. Este proyecto artístico ha sido expuesto en el Museo de Archena, en el Centro Sociocultura de L'Eliana, en la Sala de exposiciones de Ca Revolta (Valencia), continuando su periplo en esta ocasión con nuevas obras en el Centre Cultural Mario Monreal como proyecto seleccionado por la concejalía de Cultura de Sagunto para comenzar la temporada expositiva 2026
Collaboration in the Supervision of Doctoral Theses in Education in Spain
No full textThe demands of internationalisation in doctoral programmes, the need for more interdisci-plinary thesis supervision, and the goal of improving the quality of doctoral theses have led to a significant increase in co-supervision. This research aims to explore the nature and characteristics of the collaboration in the supervision of outstanding doctoral theses in the field of Education. To achieve this, a bibliometric univariate and bivariate descriptive analysis of doctoral theses in Education defended in Spain between 2018 and 2021 that received extraordinary distinction was conducted, considering aspects such as the nature of the collaboration, as well as the experience and impact of the supervisory teams. The results show that 61.2% of the awarded theses were co-supervised by two or, in exceptional cases, three individuals. Collaboration among professors from the same university and area of knowledge predominated, often with a significant difference in experience in thesis supervision and academic impact; interdisciplinary, inter-university, and international co-supervision were less frequent. Additionally, at least one of the supervisors of the awarded theses demonstrated substantial experience in thesis supervision and high academic impact. In conclusion, there is a clear need to further strengthen co-supervision, particularly those fostering interdisciplinary, inter-university, and international collaboration. Furthermore, to enhance thesis quality, prioritising the supervision of experienced lecturers with established research is recommended, while encouraging collaboration with junior lecturers as a form of learning the responsibilities involved in thesis supervision.Las exigencias de internacionalización de los programas de doctorado, la demanda de una dirección de tesis más interdisciplinar y la necesidad de elevar la calidad de las tesis doctorales han generado el crecimiento de las codirecciones de tesis. Esta investigación busca conocer la naturaleza y características de la colaboración en la dirección de tesis doctorales destacadas en el ámbito de la Educación. Para ello, se realizó un análisis bibliométrico descriptivo univariado y bivariado de las tesis en Educación defendidas en España entre 2018 y 2021 que obtuvieron premio extraordinario, considerando aspectos como la naturaleza de la colaboración, así como la experiencia e impacto de los equipos de dirección. Los resultados indican que el 61,2% de las tesis premiadas fueron dirigidas por dos o, en casos excepcionales, tres personas. Predomina la colaboración entre docentes de la misma universidad y área de conocimiento, y con una marcada diferencia en experiencia en la dirección de tesis e impacto académico, siendo las codirecciones interdisciplinarias, interuniversitarias e internacionales menos frecuentes. Además, se observa una notable experiencia en dirección de tesis y un alto impacto académico en al menos uno de los directores de las tesis premiadas. En conclusión, se destaca la necesidad de seguir reforzando las codirecciones, especialmente aquellas que promuevan la colaboración interdisciplinaria, interu-niversitaria e internacional. Asimismo, para mejorar la calidad de las tesis, se sugiere favorecer la dirección por parte de docentes experimentados y con investigación consolidada, colaborando con otros más noveles como forma de aprendizaje en las responsabilidades de supervisión de tesis
Notas preliminares para el estudio del régimen jurídico de las alegaciones publicitarias relacionadas con el medioambiente
No full textEste documento de trabajo contiene las notas que me sirvieron de apoyo para exponer el 11 de marzo de 2026 mi ponencia titulada «Responsabilidad frente a competidores y consumidores por competencia desleal ante prácticas de ecoimpostura (greenwashig)» en el Cursos De Formación Continua de Jueces y Magistrados (Plan Estatal) sobre RESPONSABILIDAD DIGITAL Y AMBIENTAL DE LAS EMPRESAS EN EL SIGLO XXI, organizado por el Consejo General del Poder Judicial y la Universidad de Salamanca, bajo a dirección del profesor Dr. Fernando Carbajo Cascón y del magistrado Ignacio Javier Rafols PérezEstas son, debidamente redactadas, las notas de las que me valí para intervenir en la mesa redonda titulada «Sostenibilidad ambiental y responsabilidad empresarial» en el Curso Colaborativo entre el CGPJ y la Universidad de Salamanca. En ellas, determino el contexto en el que se inscribe sistemática y sustantivamente el uso de las alegaciones medioambientales, del cuadro normativo general que es aplicable a su uso. Trato asimismo algunas notas que explican en contexto las diversas facetas del enjuiciamiento de las alegaciones con arreglo a la definición y caracterización de la publicidad engañosa
The effect of combination of massage gun therapy with exercise on increasing range of motion and movement function in patients with non-specific low back pain
No full textLow back pain (LBP) is a musculoskeletal disorder caused by unergonomic positions. This study
aimed to determine the effect of massage gun treatment and passive stretching in increasing range of
motion (ROM) and joint function of non-specific LBP. The method used in this research was a quasi
experimental method with a one group pretest-posttest design, then a sampling technique was carried
out using purposive sampling. The study included 20 voluntary participants (aged 20–65) with low
back pain who provided informed consent. The results of the study showed that the range of motion,
measured using a goniometer, increased in forward flexion, left flexion, right flexion, extension, left
rotation, and right rotation in individuals with LBP. Measurements taken before treatment and after
treatments 1 to 3 showed a significant increase (p=0.000, <0.05). Massage gun treatment combined
with passive stretching also improved joint movement function, as measured using the Oswestry
Disability Index (ODI), with pre- and post-treatment results from treatments 1 to 3 showing a
significant improvement (p=0.000, <0.05). It can be concluded that massage gun therapy combined
with passive stretching effectively increases the range of motion and motor function in individuals
with non-specific LBP