DIGITUM Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Murcia
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Circular economy in tourism: a necessary reflection from the Cuban destination
No full textEl turismo, enfrenta desafíos ambientales debido al uso intensivo de recursos y la generación de residuos, lo que ha impulsado la adopción de modelos sostenibles como la economía circular. El objetivo del estudio es identificar las brechas de conocimiento y l imitaciones que dificultan la transición a modelos de economía circular en el turismo cubano. Para ello, se empleó una metodología cualitativa de carácter exploratorio, basada en revisión bibliográfica y el análisis crítico de l i teratura científica, nac ional e internacional. Los resultados evidencian avances normativos y prácticas circulares, aunque persisten l imitaciones como, la escasez de datos confiables, debilidades en el reciclaje, baja cultura ambiental y l imitada articulación institucional. Asimi smo, se identifica la falta de formación específica y de herramientas para implementar y escalar prácticas circulares. Como resultado del estudio se propone la creación de un portal de conocimiento sobre economía circular para sistematizar experiencias, ac ceder a información e incrementar la colaboración intersectorialTourism faces environmental challenges due to intensive resource use and waste generation, which has driven the adoption of sustainable models l ike the circular economy. This study aims to identify knowledge gaps and l imitations hindering the transition to circular economy models in Cuban tourism. A qualitative exploratory methodology was used, based on a l i terature review and critical analysis of national and international scientific publications. Results show regulatory progress and circular practices, ye t l imitations remain, such as a lack of reliable data, weaknesses in recycling, low environmental awareness, and l imited institutional coordination. Additionally, there is a shortage of specific training and tools to implement and scale circular practices. As a result, the study proposes creating a circular economy knowledge portal to systematize experiences, provide access to information, and enhance intersectoral collaboratio
Regenerative tourism coherence index. a triple helix and technological innovation approach
No full textEn el sector turístico enfrenta actualmente un importante reto: ir más allá de la mera sostenibilidad para transformarse en un verdadero motor de regeneración tanto ecológica como social. Este trabajo desarrolla lo que se ha denominado Índice de Coherencia de Turismo Regenerativo ( ICTR), una herramienta que surge del modelo de Triple Hélice y que busca medir hasta qué punto los destinos turísticos incorporan estrategias regenerativas que se alinean con los ODS. Mediante una aproximación cualitativa apoyada en la revisión sistemática de literatura especializada, se analizan tecnologías como la inteligencia artificial, blockchain e Internet de las Cosas, y se evalúa su impacto en la transformación del turismo. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, cuando universidades, gobiernos y empresas colaboran, la innovación en turismo regenerativo avanza significativamente, aunque todavía persisten brechas digitales y desafíos en el ámbito normativo. El estudio ofrece un modelo que puede replicarse y aplicarse para eval uar qué tan coherente es el turismo regenerativo y cómo contribuye a la sostenibilidad globalTourism faces a critical challenge: moving beyond sustainability to become a driver of ecological and social regeneration. This study develops the Regenerative Tourism Coherence Index ( ICTR in spanish), an innovative tool based on the Triple Helix model, which assesses how well tourist desti nations integrate regenerative strategies aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals ( SDGs). Using a qualitative methodology, based on a systematic l i terature review, the study examines emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the Internet of Things, determining their impact on tourism transformation. Findings reveal that collaboration between universities, governments, and businesses drives innovation in regenerative tourism, although digital divides and regulatory challenges persist. This study provides a replicable and applicable model to assess the regenerative coherence of tourism and i ts contribution to global sustainabilit
Technology-Facilitated Online Sexual Violence, Consent Negotiation, and Coping Among AdultWomen: A Qualitative Study
No full textBackground/Objectives: Online sexual violence is an increasingly prevalent form of genderbased harm facilitated by digital technologies, with significant consequences for the health, well-being, and rights of adult women. Despite growing attention to this phenomenon, women’s lived experiences remain underexplored, particularly regarding sexual consent and institutional responses. This study aimed to examine how adult women experience online sexual violence, how consent is negotiated or constrained in digital contexts, and how coping and institutional mechanisms are perceived. Methods: A qualitative study with a hermeneutic phenomenological approach was conducted. Data were collected through three focus groups with 23 women aged 21 to 42 years who were active users of social media.
Results: Participants reported diverse forms of online sexual violence, including unsolicited sexual messages and images, persistent harassment, coercion, blackmail, and threats. Sexual consent was often undermined by emotional manipulation, social pressure, and fear, placing women in vulnerable positions. These experiences negatively affected well-being, contributing to anxiety, reduced self-esteem, fear, and difficulties in sexual and emotional relationships. Coping strategies were mainly individual, such as blocking perpetrators or reporting content, while social support was frequently perceived as insufficient. A generalized distrust of institutional responses emerged, with formal mechanisms viewed as ineffective or inaccessible. Conclusions: For the study participants, online sexual violence is increasingly normalized and concealed within digital environments, reinforced by anonymity and impunity. The findings highlight the need for continued research and the development of interventions that include early sexual and emotional education, awareness-raising initiatives, digital regulation, specialized professional training, and the strengthening of victim-centered support networks
A velocity-based approach to variable resistance training in the bench press: repetitions to failure and level of effort
No full textThis study analyzed the use of elastic bands in the bench press exercise within a velocity-based training approach to explore its application in variable resistance training (VRT) in regard to the level of effort methodology. Therefore, we aimed to (a) investigate the intersubject and intrasubject variability in the number of repetitions to failure (nRM) across 3 one-repetition maximum percentages (%1RM) and 2 load configurations using elastic bands: 25% (B25) and 50% (B50) of the load from bands; (b) examine the relationship between the number of repetitions completed and velocity loss reached; (c) assess the mean propulsive velocity associated to each %1RM and elastic bands contribution; and (d) study the influence of the subject’s strength level on these parameters. After determining the individual 1RM, 26 subjects with low (n 5 9), medium (n 5 9), and high (n 5 8) relative strength levels completed 2 rounds of nRM tests against their 60, 70, and 80% 1RM with B25 and B50 configurations in the bench press. Number of repetitions to failure increased with band contribution (B50 . B25, p , 0.01) and showed moderate intersubject variability (coefficients of variation 5 16%) and very low intrasubject (SEM # 1.4 repetitions) variability for all the strength levels, % 1RM, and band contributions analyzed. A very high correlation (R 2 5 0.910–0.935) between the number of repetitions completed and the percentage of velocity loss reached (from 5 to 65%) was found. These findings support the use of the level of effort as a reliable and practical tool for programming VRT
Learners’ Perspectives on Interprofessional Simulation and Co-Debriefng: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study
No full textIntroduction: Interprofessional simulation enhances both technical and nontechnical skills among healthcare professionals, improving their clinical practice. Co-debriefng, where two facilitators lead debriefng sessions, is a common approach in these trainings. This study aims to assess educational aspects of interprofessional simulation and co-debriefng in postgraduate medical and emergency nursing students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with a mixed-methods approach was conducted among postgraduate students (n = 46). A mixed-methods design was used, combining quantitative questionnaire data with qualitative content analysis of openended responses, allowing integration of numerical trends with in-depth learner perspectives. A valid and reliable ad hoc questionnaire was designed, and qualitative content analysis was used to examine participants’ free-text responses. Results: Students’ perceptions were evaluated across six dimensions: applicability, satisfaction, motivation, safe environment, organization, and co-debriefng. Signifcant diferences were found between medical and nursing students in all dimensions except applicability and organization. Overall, students rated interdisciplinary sessions and co-debriefng positively, though nurses highlighted areas for improvement, such as icebreaker activities, more dynamic simulations, and equal representation of both professions. Conclusions: While interprofessional simulation and co-debriefng were well received, participants—especially nurses—identifed areas for enhancement to ensure a more balanced and engaging learning experience. By integrating quantitative outcomes with qualitative insights, the study highlights when co-debriefng adds value in interprofessional simulation and when singlefacilitator approaches may be sufcient
Physical degeneration and the deterioration of the race: The body–exploitation nexus in gramscian reflections on industrialism
No full textThis article proposes a partial reconstruction of Gramsci's reflection on industrialism. For this purpose, we have divided the article into two parts. In the first, we outline the general aspects of Gramsci's appropriation of the problem of the ‘critique of political economy’, pointing out the complementarity between the theory of hegemony and the Marxian theory of exploitation. In the second part, we try to show how the problem of the body offers a normative criterion able to judge the legitimacy of forms of social organization that aspire to abolish the capitalist exploitation of labour power.El presente artículo propone una reconstrucción parcial de la reflexión de Gramsci sobre el industrialismo. Para ello hemos dividido el artículo en dos partes. En la primera de ellas esbozamos las líneas generales de la apropiación gramsciana del problema de la “crítica de la economía política”, señalando la complementariedad entre la teoría de la hegemonía y la teoría marxiana de la explotación. En la segunda parte tratamos de mostrar cómo el problema del cuerpo ofrece un criterio normativo capaz de enjuiciar la legitimidad de las formas de organización social que aspiran a abolir la explotación capitalista de la fuerza de trabajo
Notes for Artistizing Research: Metaphor-Images to Make Visible the Surprises and Deviations of Research in Education
No full textArtistic methodologies offer creative ways
of researching education and allow ac
cess to aspects that might otherwise re
main invisible in research (Hernández,
2013). Understanding visual and artistic
methodologies as drivers of educatio
nal research requires reflection on how
an “artistic” perspective can enhance the
production of scientific knowledge in uni
versities. Drawing on artistic methodolo
gies as living methodologies (Hernández,
2011) entangled with practice (Springgay
& Irwin, 2013), this study investigates
how affects operate in research and their
implications for shaping topics of inter
est, addressing the question: How can
we visually respond to what academic texts in the university curriculum provide?
Through the production of visual cartogra
phies (Hernández, 2018), and drawing on
the educational power of images, the pro
posed methodological strategy navigates
between visualities, embracing surprises
and deviations in what images allow us to
know, evoke, and narrate. Working with a
group of graduate students (master’s and
doctoral programmes in education), we
experiment with alternatives to writing
with and through images from a genea
logical perspective (Calderón, 2022). The
overall objective is to explore the rela
tionship between text and image in thesis
development. From these perspectives,
the “artistization” of research emerges as a
creative approach that contributes to alter
native ways of relating to, understanding,
and acting upon the phenomena that sha
pe us as researchers in training.Les méthodologies artistiques offrent des moyens créatifs de recherche en éducation et
permettent d’accéder à des aspects qui, autrement, resteraient invisibles dans la recher
che (Hernández, 2013). À cette fin, comprendre les méthodologies visuelles et artisti
ques comme un levier pour la recherche en éducation nécessite de réfléchir à la ma
nière dont une perspective «artistique» pourrait enrichir la production de connaissances
scientifiques dans les universités. En partant des méthodologies artistiques en tant que
méthodologies vivantes (Hernández, 2011) étroitement liées à la pratique (Springgay
Irwin, 2013), nous cherchons à analyser le fonctionnement des affects en recherche et
leurs implications dans la définition du sujet d’intérêt, ce qui nous amène à la question
suivante: comment pouvons-nous répondre visuellement à ce que nous apportent les
textes académiques du cursus universitaire? À travers la production de cartographies vi
suelles (Hernández, 2018) à partir du pouvoir éducatif des images, la stratégie méthodo
logique proposée est de naviguer entre les visualités, en enchevêtrant les surprises et les
dérives de ce qu’une image nous permet de connaître, d’évoquer et de raconter. Avec un
groupe d’étudiants diplômés (master et doctorat en éducation), nous nous consacrons à
l’expérimentation d’alternatives à l’écriture avec et à partir d’images, dans une perspecti
ve généalogique (Calderón, 2022). Notre objectif général est d’explorer la relation entre
texte et image dans le développement des thèses. De ce point de vue, l’«artisticisation»
de la recherche émerge comme une perspective créative contribuant à générer des mo
des alternatifs de relation, de compréhension et d’action sur des aspects ou des phé
nomènes qui nous façonnent et (con)forment en tant que chercheurs en formation.Las metodologías artísticas ofrecen for
mas creativas de investigar en educación
y permiten acceder a aspectos que, de
otro modo, permanecerían invisibles en
la investigación (Hernández, 2013). Para
ello, comprender las metodologías visua
les y artísticas como un modo de accio
nar la investigación educacional requiere
reflexionar de qué manera una perspec
tiva “artistificada” podría potencializar la
producción del conocimiento científico
en la universidad. Partiendo de las me
todologías artísticas como metodologías
vivas (Hernández, 2011) que están enre
dadas por la práctica (Springgay e Irwin,
2013), se busca indagar cómo operan los
afectos en la investigación y cuáles son sus implicaciones en la configuración del
tema de interés hacia la pregunta ¿cómo
podemos contestar visualmente lo que
nos aportan los textos académicos del
currículo universitario? Mediante la pro
ducción de cartografías visuales (Hernán
dez, 2018) desde la potencia educativa de
las imágenes se propone como estrategia
metodológica navegar entre visualidades,
enredando sorpresas y derivas a partir de
aquello que una imagen permite conocer,
evocar y narrar. Con un grupo de estudian
tes de posgrado (maestría y doctorado en
educación) nos dedicamos a experimentar
alternativas de escrita con y a partir de las
imágenes desde un abordaje genealógico
(Calderón, 2022). Nuestro objetivo gene
ral consiste explorar la relación texto e
imagen en la configuración de las tesis.
Desde estas posiciones, la “artistificación”
de la investigación emerge como pers
pectiva creativa que contribuye a generar
otros modos de relación, comprensión y
actuación sobre aspectos o fenómenos
que conformamos y que nos (con)forman
como investigadores en formación
Variación y cambio lingüístico en el español hablado en Andalucía: un estudio variacionista sobre las consecuencias lingüísticas de los patrones recientes de movilidad urbana en Gines, Sevilla
No full textLa presente tesis doctoral tiene como objetivo el estudio sociolingüístico de la comunidad de habla andaluza de Gines, localizada en la provincia de Sevilla. A través de una metodología variacionista, se analizan cuatro variables lingüísticas características del andaluz occidental, como son la distinción entre [s] y [z] en oposición a fenómenos como el seseo ([z] > [s]), el ceceo ([s] >[z]) y el heheo ([s]/[z] > [h]; la fricatización de el sonido ch; al igual que la pronunciación de palabras que contienen ll e y, y se correlacionan con las variables sociales de edad, género, nivel educativo, identidad, movilidad diaria y contactos frecuentes. De esta manera, se pretende estudiar los posibles cambios lingüísticos en proceso que estén teniendo lugar en la zona, especialmente teniendo en cuenta los recientes cambios urbanísticos que han tenido lugar en las últimas décadas, y que han transformado el lugar de una zona rural a urbana en un corto periodo de tiempo. Para ello, se han realizado una serie de entrevistas sociolingüísticas a un total de 80 informantes, grupo conformado tanto por aquellos locales nacidos en el pueblo como aquellos nuevos residentes en la zona provenientes de la ciudad de Sevilla. Se pretende analizar, de este modo, si existe una convergencia hacia el estándar nacional, hacia el estándar regional sevillano, o hacia las formas no estándares, tradicionalmente asociadas con el habla más rural. Los resultados revelan patrones muy significativos de cambio lingüístico en progreso, ya que, desde un punto de vista generacional, los jóvenes muestran una mayor convergencia hacia las formas estándares nacionales mientras que los grupos de edad más mayores lo hacen hacia las formas no estándares. El estándar regional sevillano muestra también un declive general en favor de las formas del estándar nacional, tal y como ocurría con el andaluz oriental décadas atrás. Los resultados de este estudio también resaltan el papel principal que la movilidad diaria, especialmente hacia la urbe, tiene en los patrones de convergencia hacia el estándar, mientras que el contacto habitual con otros locales ayuda a la conservación de los rasgos no estándares, que funcionan como marcadores locales. En general, desde una metodología en tiempo aparente, a través de este estudio se observa un cambio lingüístico en curso en el contexto de la provincia de Sevilla hacia la estandardización.The main aim of the present doctoral thesis is the sociolinguistic study of the Andalusian speech community of Gines, located within the province of Seville. Through a variationist methodology, four linguistic variables which are characteristic of Western Andalusian are analysed, which are the distinction between [s] and [z] in opposition to phenomena such as seseo ([z > [s]), ceceo ([s] >[z]), as well as heheo ([s]/[z] > [h]; the fricatisation of the sound ch; as well as the pronunciation of words containing ll and y. These are correlated to the social factors of age, gender, education level, identity, everyday mobility and daily contacts. Thus, the aim is to analyse the linguistic changes in progress that may be taking place in the area, especially given the recent urban changes which have taken place over the last decades, and which have transformed the area from a rural place to an urban one in a very short period of time. For this study, a number of sociolinguistic interviews were carried out which comprised a total number of 80 informants, which included both locals born in the community as well as new residents that came from the city and settled in the area. The main objective is to analyse whether there exists convergence either towards the national standard, towards the regional Sevillian standard, or towards the non-standard forms traditionally associated with rural speech. Results reveal very significant patterns of language change in progress as, from a generational point of view, young people show greater convergence towards standard forms in opposition to older informants who show greater use of non-standard variants. There seems to be a general decline of Sevillian regional standard in favour of national standard forms overall, similarly to what happened in Eastern Andalusian varieties decades ago. Findings also highlight the mail role that everyday mobility, especially towards the city, plays in the convergence towards standard, while frequent local contact help to preserve non-standard forms, which seem to work as local markers. Overall, from an apparent-time perspective, this study reveals a language change in progress towards standardisation currently taking place within the context of the province of Seville
Determinants of spanish students’ low performance in reading comprehension in PISA: A machine learning approach
No full textLow performance in reading comprehension is one of the major challenges in the Spanish educational system. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the contextual deter-minants associated with this low reading performance. The sample consists of a total of 35,943 Spanish students and 1,089 educational centers that participated in the 2018 PISA assessment. The criterion variable is reading competence, which has been dichotomized (0 = medium and high performance, 1 = low performance). A total of 721 predictors were selected as independent variables. For data analysis, Random Forest machine learning algorithm was applied, and a multilevel binary logistic regression was conducted. The 30 most important variables related to students and school center explain 46% and 24% of the criterion variable, respectively. The final model (comprising both predictors) explains 47%. Among the main conclusions, the sig-nificance of educational process variables and non-cognitive and meta-cognitive constructs in low reading performance stands out. Therefore, the importance of addressing this educational phenomenon from a perspective less linked to socio-economic determinants and more focused on pedagogical aspects is emphasized.El bajo rendimiento en comprensión lectora es uno de los grandes problemas del sistema educativo español. Debido a esto, el objetivo de dicho trabajo es estudiar los determinantes de contexto que se asocian a este bajo desempeño lector. La muestra se encuentra conformada por un total de 35943 estudiantes españoles/as y 1089 centros educativos que participaron en PISA 2018. La variable criterio es la competencia lectora, la cual se ha dicotomizado (0 = medio y alto rendimiento y 1 = bajo rendimiento). Como variables independientes se seleccionaron un total de 721 predictores. Para el análisis de los datos se aplicó el algoritmo de machine learning Random Forest y se realizó una regresión logística binaria multinivel. Las 30 variables más importantes relacionadas con los y las estudiantes y centro escolar explican el 46% y 24% de la variable criterio, respectivamente. El modelo final (formado por ambos predictores) explican un 47%. Entre las principales conclusiones se destaca la relevancia que tienen las variables de proceso educativo y los constructos no cognitivos y meta-cognitivos en el bajo rendimiento lector. Por lo tanto, se subraya la importancia de trabajar este fenómeno educativo desde una perspectiva menos vinculada a determinantes socioeconómicos y más orientada hacia aspectos pedagógicos
USP7 promotes follicular thyroid carcinoma progression and sorafenib resistance by activating NEK2/ATG5-mediated autophagy
No full textPurpose. To investigate the role of ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) in thyroid cancer (TC) pathogenesis and sorafenib resistance.
Methods. USP7 expression was compared in normal human thyroid cells and TC cells. The TC line with maximal differential USP7 expression was selected for further study. The functional interaction between USP7 and never in mitosis A (NIMA)-related kinase 2 (NEK2)/autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) was elucidated through a Pearson correlation coefficient analysis and co-immunoprecipitation assay. The half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) of sorafenib in resistant follicular thyroid (FTC) cells was determined following USP7 knockdown and ATG5 overexpression. Furthermore, the effects of USP7 knockdown and the autophagy inducer rapamycin (RAPA) on FTC cell function were assessed by colony formation and Transwell assays. The function of USP7 was validated in vivo using a xenograft mouse model, and tumor growth was assessed through gross examination and histopathological staining.
Results. High USP7 expression promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of FTC cells and was positively correlated with NEK2 and ATG5 levels. USP7 enhanced NEK2 stability via deubiquitination. Knocking down USP7 downregulated ATG5, and this effect was reversed by NEK2 overexpression. USP7 inhibition reduced the IC50 of sorafenib in FTC cells, which was reversed by ATG5 overexpression. USP7 knockdown attenuated FTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while increasing the apoptosis rate, and these effects were reversed by RAPA treatment. Knocking down USP7 suppressed the growth of TC xenografts in vivo, improved tumor tissue differentiation, and reduced the percentage of Ki-67-positive cells.
Conclusion. USP7 promoted the progression of FTC and induced sorafenib resistance by enhancing NEK2/ATG5-mediated autophagy. This study provides novel insights and potential therapeutic strategies for FTC treatment and overcoming drug resistance