Ministry for Environment, Agriculture, Conservation and Consumer Protection
Digital Peer PublishingNot a member yet
2777 research outputs found
Sort by
How Moving Technology Out of Your College Classroom Will Improve Student Learning
No full textTeaching Naked is a call for shifting mindsets about the way institutions of higher education package and source their product. Using the idea of removing technology from the classroom to the valuable time away from class, José Bowen argues that this redefinition can lead to a more customized educational experience for students, and actually improve their success by affording time in the classroom for maximized face-to-face learning. Constant in the book are pushes for re-examination of how colleges and universities conduct business, suggestions for success, and a generally optimistic can-do approach. Ultimately, an argument for adaptation to the needs of students in the 21st century abounds in this well-crafted book
Regulating Collective Management Organisations by Competition: An Incomplete Answer to the Licensing Problem?
No full textWhile the three functions of Collective Management Organisations - to licence use, monitor use, and to collect and distribute the revenue - have traditionally been accepted as a progression towards a natural (national) monopoly, digital exploitation of music may no longer lead to such a fate. The European Commission has challenged the traditional structures through reforms that increase the degree of competition. This paper asks whether the reforms have had the desired effect and shows, through qualitative research, that at least regarding the streaming of music, competition has not delivered. Part of the reason for this may be that the services required by the now competing CMOs have changed
Contracting Around Privacy: The (Behavioral) Law and Economics of Consent and Big Data
No full textEuropean privacy law rests on the implicit assumption that consent to the processing of personal data and the analysis of Big Data is a purely individual choice. Accordingly, privacy lawyers mainly focus on how to empower users to make free and informed choices, for instance through debiasing and nudging. However, a game theoretical analysis suggests that strategic considerations may be a driving force of consent under certain conditions. In environments relying on the use of Big Data, consent is likely to impose negative privacy externalities on other users and constrain their freedom of choice. By contrast, a behavioral economic analysis suggests that users are subject to bounded rationality and bounded willpower. While nudges, like default options, can enable users to make protective privacy choices in some cases, correcting cognitive deficits might facilitate market failures and accelerate the erosion of privacy in other cases. This counterintuitive conclusion shows that legal rules on consent and privacy contracts should be grounded on an assumption of ‘mixed rationalities’, i.e. on insights from both standard economics and behavioral economics. Hence, a sharper distinction between ‘paternalistic nudging’ and ‘non-paternalistic soft regulation’ to counter market failures is warranted
Book Review: Angela Daly, Private Power, Online Information Flows and EU Law: Mind the Gap
No full text
Natural frequencies determination of wafers
No full textWafer werden in modernen Halbleiterfabriken mit automatisierten, schienengebundenen Deckenfahrzeugen (OHT) durch die Fertigungslinien transportiert. Die dabei entstehenden Schwingungen, z. B. durch Schienenstöße oder durch Hub- und Senkvorgänge, werden auf den Transportbehälter und schließlich auf die Wafer übertragen. Stimmt die Betriebsfrequenz aus dem Transport mit der Eigenschwingung des jeweiligen Wafers überein, entsteht eine Resonanz, die zum Bruch der Wafer und hohen wirtschaftlichen Schaden führen können. Um dies zu vermeiden, müssen die Eigenfrequenzen der beteiligten Systemelemente untersucht werden. In einem Schwingprüfstand wurden die Eigenfrequenzen von Wafern separat und in Verbindung mit ihrer Transportbox, dem Front Opening Unified Pod (FOUP) bestimmt. Dabei wurde der FOUP wie im Betrieb hängend an der dafür vorgesehenen Halterung befestigt und mit einem Schwingerreger erregt. Mithilfe einer Modalanalyse im FE-Modell konnten die Eigenfrequenzen und Frequenzverläufe ermittelt sowie die Schwingformen an den jeweiligen Messpositionen reproduziert werden. Weiterhin wurden simulativ wie auch experimentell schwingungsmindernde Maßnahmen durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse sehen eine Versteifung der Halterung des FOUP als wirksamste Lösung.Wafers are transported through the manufacturing lines in modern semiconductor factories with automated, rail mounted and ceiling mounted vehicles (OHT). The resulting vibrations, for example, by shaving or lifting and lowering operations, are transferred to the transport container and finally to the wafers. If the operating frequency from the transport and the natural frequency of the respective wafer is accord, a resonance is formed, which can lead to the breakage of the wafers and high economic damage. In order to avoid this, the natural frequencies of the involved system elements have to be investigated. In a vibration test bench, the natural frequencies of wafers were determined separately and in conjunction with their transport box, the Front Opening Unified Pod (FOUP). As in operation, the FOUP was hanging mounted on the provided fixture and excited with a shaker. By means of a modal analysis in the FE simulation, the natural frequencies and frequency profiles were determined and the vibration forms were reproduced at the respective measuring positions. Furthermore, simulations as well as experimentally vibration reducing measures were carried out. The results see a stiffening of the fixture of the FOUP as the most effective solution
Consolidation-Assistant – Assistant system for manual consolidation and sorting processes in distribution centers
No full textDurch den in den letzten Jahren stark wachsenden Onlinehandel gerät der Versand zunehmend in den Fokus der Prozessoptimierung. Bedingt durch die Auftragsstruktur werden häufig zweistufige Kommissioniersysteme mit manueller Konsolidierung eingesetzt. Wegen der Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Artikel im Sortiment ist die kognitive Belastung für den Mitarbeiter hoch und der Prozess fehleranfällig. Aus diesem Grund wurde ein Assistenzsystem entwickelt, welches den Mitarbeiter während des Konsolidierprozesses unterstützt. Im Rahmen einer Versuchsreihe konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich die Zykluszeit des Prozesses bei Einsatz des Assistenzsystems um ein Drittel reduziert.By the sharp increase of Internet and mail-order trading in the recent past, shipping has increasingly become the focus of process optimization. Due to the special order structure, two-step order picking systems with manual consolidation are often used. As a result of the large number of different articles in the assortment, the cognitive load on the employee is high and the process is error-prone. For this reason, an assistance system has been developed which supports the employee during the consolidation process. As part of a series of experiments, the cycle time of the process could be reduced by one third