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Initial Free Recall Data Characterized and Explained By Activation Theory of Short Term Memory
No full textThe initial recall distribution in a free recall experiment is shown to be predictably different from the overall free recall distribution including an offset which can cause the least remembered items to be almost completely absent from the first recall. Using the overall free recall distribution as input and a single parameter describing the probability of simultaneous reactivated items per number of items in the presented list, activation theory not only qualitatively but quantitatively describes the initial recall distributions of data by Murdock (1962) and Kahana et al (2002). That the initial free recall can be simply explained in terms of the overall recall suggests that theories of memory based on interference or other context sensitive information are false since knowledge of the future would have to be incorporated to predict the initial recall
Critical Foundations of the Contextual Theory of Mind
No full textThe contextual mind is found attested in various usages of the term complement, in the background of Kant. The difficulties of Kant's intuitionism are taken up through Quine, but referential opacity is resolved as semantic presence in lived context. A further critique of rationalist linguistics is developed from Jakobson, showing generic functions in thought supporting abstraction, binding and thereby semantic categories. Thus Bolzano's influential philosophy of mathematics and science gives way to a critical view of the ancient heritage acknowledged by Plato.\ud
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Variables predictoras del rendimiento académico en el EEES:\ud estilos de pensamiento, metas académicas, nota media de entrada a la titulación y horas de estudio
No full textEl interés de este estudio se ha centrado en conocer el grado de adecuación de los estudiantes de primer curso\ud
universitario a las necesidades de aprendizaje que plantea el nuevo marco del Espacio Europeo de Educación\ud
Superior, en relación a los estilos de pensamiento, las metas académicas, la nota de entrada en la titulación y las\ud
horas de estudio. Para ello, se ha trabajado con una muestra de 559 alumnos/as universitarios de primer curso de 11\ud
titulaciones pertenecientes a la Universidad de Oviedo, con un total de 190 hombres (34 %) y 369 mujeres (66 %).\ud
En esta investigación se han utilizado el Thinking Styles Questionnaire for Students (TSQS), el Cuestionario para\ud
la Evaluación de Metas Académicas-II (CEMA-II) y un cuestionario de datos personales y académicos. Los\ud
resultados de los análisis sugieren que los alumnos universitarios de primer año están orientados hacia metas de\ud
aprendizaje. Además, prefieren estilos de pensamiento relacionados con la resolución de las tareas de forma\ud
autónoma y creativa, independientemente de la titulación en la que estén matriculados
Identification of Factors Influencing Third Birth Transition in Manipur
No full textThe third birth transition has a negative impact on the national goal of fertility replacement level (2.1) which is to be achieved by 2010. To identify the factors influencing the demographic phenomenon, a cross sectional as well as community based study consisting of 1397 eligible women was conducted in the four valley districts of Manipur under cluster sampling scheme. Analysing the empirical information through SPSS, 42% of the study subjects transit their 3rd birth and its major determinants could be detected to be sex preference, age at marriage, and educational level each at 0.01 probability level of significance
Blood Transfusions: Are They Life Saving or Transfusing Infections?
No full textIntroduction: There is a risk of 1 - 2 per 1000 recipients receiving contaminated blood with viral, bacterial and parasitic agents.TTI’S are the most commonly encountered complications in transfusion medicine. The objective of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of TTI’s among blood donors, who represent healthy population at large. Materials & methods: A total of 33,658 blood units were received from voluntary and replacement donors over a period of 5 years. Surface antigen of HBV and antibodies to HIV and HCV were determined using ELISA. Syphilis was detected using TPHA test. Results: 947 (2.81%) blood units tested positive for HBV, HCV, HIV and / or syphilis. Overall prevalence was HBV – 1.77%, HCV – 0.13%, HIV – 0.63% and Syphilis – 0.28%. Nine (0.03%) donors had coinfections. Conclusion: The screening of blood donors is the corner stone in assuring the safety of blood transfusion
Comparison of Subjective and Objective Physical Functions in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain
No full textPurpose: To compare the subjective and objective physical function scores of patients with Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP). Method: A cross- sectional survey design was used. Fifty-one patients with CLBP of mechanical origin were recruited from the physiotherapy out patient clinics of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and the National Orthopedic Hospital both in Enugu, Nigeria. The box numerical scale, Roland-Morris Questionnaire (RMQ-24) and the Back Performance Scale (BPS) were used to assess the present pain intensity, the subjective and objective functional status of the participants respectively. Pearson correlation was used to determine relationships. Multiple Regressions were used to determine the predictors of objective function. Alpha level was set at 0.5. Results: The mean age and Body Mass Index of the participants were 49.04 ± 14.33 years and 26.57 ± 4.29 kg/m2 respectively. The mean Pain Intensity, subjective disability (RMQ) and objective disability (BPS) scores were 6.33 ± 2.09, 9.76 ± 5.14 and 6.43 ± 2.9 respectively. Stepwise multiple regressions showed that when all the variables were entered only marital status was a significant predictor of objective physical function. Conclusion: There is no significant association between subjective and objective functions in patients with CLBP. However, marital status (married) is a significant predictor of objective function in CLBP
Complications of Dermal Filling
No full textDermal fillers have globally become sought after drugs due to the desire of aging population to regain the youthful looks without any surgical operations. But like other procedures, dermal filling can become complicated. Besides the profitability have introduced the factor of malpractice which can bring in misery rather than beauty and youthful body contours. This article briefly reviews the common adverse effects of dermal fillers
Study of the Clinical Patterns in Varicella in a Tertiary Hospital at Coastal Karnataka
No full textContext: There are very few studies regarding the clinical patterns and manifestations of a very common viral infection, Varicella, especially from south India. Aims: To study the cutaneous manifestation of Varicella with an emphasis on vaccination status. Settings and Design: Cross sectional study. Methods and Material: A total of 118 patients attending the Dermatology OPD of a private medical college in coastal Karnataka with cutaneous manifestations of varicella were enrolled. Study period was from January 2010 to December 2010. Statistical analysis used: Data was analysed using SPSS version 11.5. Various frequency distribution tables, diagrams and chi square test were used to describe and analyse the data. Results: Majority of the patients were males (62.7%) and 21-30 years was the most common age group involved. There were 74 students, out of which eight were in the preschool group aged between 3-4 years. Most of the patients visited the hospital on the second day after onset of the symptoms. 108(91.5%) patients complained about the presence of various prodromal symptoms. Scalp was the most common (39.8%) site of onset of the rash. Itching was experienced by 76(64.4%) patients. Peak number of cases (35.6%) was seen in the month of January. The cutaneous rash was most commonly (57.7%) distributed over face, scalp, trunk, upper and lower limbs, with predominantly central distribution. Soft palate was the most common site (87%) involved in the oral cavity. Conclusions: A wide variety of combination symptoms with classical cutaneous polymorphic vesicular rash and oral lesions was seen
From Computing Machineries to Cloud Computing: The Minimal Levels of Abstraction of Inforgs through History
No full textBefore the modern computing era, the word `computers' referred to human beings as living calculators---in fact, still Turing (1950) proposed his test for A.I. referring to `computing machinery', not `computers'. From the advent of general-purpose, Turing-complete machines the relation between operators, programmers and users with computers---inforgs, in Floridi's terms---can be seen in terms of levels of abstraction (LoA) (Floridi 2010, 2008). For example, the modern concept of `operating system' (Donovan 1974) by Ken Thompson\ud
from Multics to Unix can be seen as a level of abstraction: some computational tasks are hidden in an abstract machine put into the computer system so that humans can forget it instead of manually perform the task as living operators: information got hidden, without being lost. In this paper an analysis of LoA throughout history is proposed, in order to find the minimal number of LoAs\ud
needed to explain the epistemology of informational organisms (inforgs)---from early modern general-purpose computing machineries until the so-called `cloud computing'. This epistemological levellism uses Category Theory as the methodological reference, treating information as structure-preserving functions instead of Cartesian products, i.e., a domain mapped into a codomain where the\ud
inner structure is preserved; a comparison with the method of LoA by Floridi (2008) is then proposed
Autism’s direct cause? Failure of infant-mother eye contact in a complex adaptive system
No full textThis paper shows that an experimental hypothesis is plausible and merits testing. In brief the hypothesis is that autism begins with a failure in early learning and that changing the environment of early learning would dramatically change its incidence. Strong statistical evidence supporting this hypothesis was published by Waldman et al. (2008) but this evidence has largely been ignored, perhaps because it challenges prevalent beliefs about autism.\ud
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This paper also suggests that the current epidemic of autism is serious enough, and intellectually mysterious enough, to merit attention from a wider community of cognitive scientists: new ideas are needed. A confirmation of this paper’s hypothesis would have interesting implications for cognitive science