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Preoperative Surprise of a Mass per Abdomen Mimicking Ovarian Neoplasm in a 50 Years Old Woman
No full textWe report a large cystic tumour of about 40cms size in a perimenopusal woman mimicking ovarian tumour, with peroperative surprise of finding it as degenerated fibroid arising from fundus of the uterus
Benign Intratesticular Epidermoid Cyst of the Testis: Diagnostic Dilemma
No full textIntratesticular epidermoid cysts of the testis are rare benign lesions, comprising about 1-2% of all the testicular neoplasms. Clinically it may not be differentiated reliably from the most common malignant testicular tumours and poses a diagnostic dilemma. Majority of the testicular tumours are malignant one, hence accurate diagnosis in benign lesions such as epidermoid cyst is always warranted to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures like orchidectomy. Herein, we present a case of benign, intratesticular epidermoid cyst of the testis in a 30 years old male treated by conservative approach with testicular preservation, avoiding unnecessary orchidectomy
Racemose Neurocysticercosis: A Rare Cause of Chronic Meningitis
No full textNeurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic disease of the nervous system and is the main cause of acquired epilepsy in developing countries. Clinical manifestations result from inflammatory response to cyst degeneration, mass effect, obstruction of CSF pathway or residual scarring but are related to the numbers, size and location of lesions and the severity of host's immune response. The subarachnoid/cisternal form of NCC and majority of the intraventricular NCC are of racemose type, and differ from more common cysticercus cellulose in that they are larger, appear as multiloculated cysts and lack scolex. Racemose NCC is uncommon in India. We are reporting a patient presenting as chronic meningitis due to racemose NCC
Co-Variations among Cognition, Cerebellar\ud Disorders and Cortical Areas With\ud Regional Glucose-Metabolic Activities in a\ud Homogeneous Sample with Uner Tan Syndrome:\ud Holistic Functioning of the Human Brain
No full textPatients with Uner Tan syndrome (UTS) exhibit habitual quadrupedal locomotion (QL), intellectual disability, dysarthric speech and truncal ataxia. Examination of cognitive ability in this syndrome has not yet been demonstrated in the scientific literature. Aims: (i) To analyze the cognitive abilities of the siblings with UTS; (ii) to assess the grade of their ataxia in relation to cerebellar disorders; (iii) to measure the metabolic activities of various cerebral regions in comparison with healthy individuals; (iv) to detect the interrelationships among all of the measured variables (IQ test scores, ataxia scores, cerebro-cerebellar areas and their metabolic activity levels) to reveal the holistic activity of the\ud
brain. The Minimental State Examination (MMSE) and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-R) were applied to the affected cases and healthy subjects. Cerebellar disorders were assessed by the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS). Brain MRI scans were performed and cerebro-cerebellar areas were measured on MRI scans, including their metabolic activities (SUV), measured by positron emission tomography (PET) scanning. MMSE and WAIS-R scores both correlated with cerebro-cerebellar areas. Cerebello-vermial areas and their metabolic activities were significantly smaller in patients than in normal controls; areas of the remaining structures were not significantly different between patients and healthy subjects. Brain areas significantly inter-correlated: ICARS negatively correlated with WAIS-R,MMSE scores, SUV, and cerebro-cerebellar areas, which significantly correlated with each other. The results suggested (i) ICARS may not only be a test for cerebellar disorders, but also may be related to global functioning of all of the\ud
cerebro-cerebellar regions; (ii) ICARS, WAIS-R and MMSE may be measures of emergent properties of the holistic\ud
activity of the brain; (iii) the psychomotor disorders in UTS may be related to decreased brain metabolism
PERSONAS SIN HOGAR: INVESTIGACIÓN PROYECTIVA EN UN CENTRO DE ACOGIDA\ud \ud HOMELESS: PROJECTIVE RESEARCH IN A SHELTER
No full textABSTRACT: \ud
This is a research study that wants to draw the foundations of a feasible project for the socio-educational work with homeless population and, propose improvements in the daily work of the shelter. \ud
Previously has been necessary to know, the limitations faced by residents in the shelter, as well as, their facilitators for the social inclusion. \ud
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For this it has employed a qualitative methodology witch direct observation and has been used as a tool the "field journal". The analysis of results has been categorized according to the three strong points of the research: Personal scope, socio-family scope and labor scope. Also each of these points have been divided based on the information collected. The study has obeyed the confidential policy, ensuring anonymity of the users, professionals, and the institution.\ud
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Key Words: Homeless, shelter, social inclusion, social pedagogy, proposal for the improvement, feasible project. \u
Abilità pragmatiche e teoria della mente: relazione in una prospettiva evolutiva
No full textLo studio indaga il ruolo della ToM nel comprendere atti comunicativi di diversa complessità. Si sono somministrati item della Batteria di Assessment per la Comunicazione e test ToM a 120 bambini (3-8 anni). I dati mostrano trend di difficoltà crescente nel gestire i diversi compiti pragmatici e una correlazione tra ToM e performance pragmatiche; tuttavia, la sola ToM non spiega la varianza dei risultati, meglio spiegata dalla crescente complessità inferenziale sottostante i compiti pragmatici
‘Gas Syndrome’ - A Culture Bound Syndrome
No full textCulture refers to the shared patterns of feelings, beliefs and behaviour that reflect in the way of living in a society. Culture uniquely influence the role functioning or psychosoical wellbeing of people living in a given society by exerting influence on their mind by their traditional health beliefs. Cultural factors influence understanding, presentation, diagnosis, management, course and outcome of many diseases, especially psychiatric disorders. Culture-bound syndromes seem to be episodic, dramatic and discrete patterns of behavioral reactions specific to a particular community that articulate both personal predicament and public concerns. Every culture provides explanations and causal attributions for somatic symptoms. One of the common complaints of persons coming to medical attention is ‘Gas’ or similar terminologies like ‘vayu’ etc. People attribute varied symptoms from abdominal discomfort, chest pain, headache, joint pains, back pain, somatic complaints to ‘Gas’. ‘Gas’ is reported to be the cause for the distress and the primary duty of the treating clinician is to relieve them of the gas. The problem of troubling Gas or vayu has been influencing Indian culture/tradition since ancient days. We do see a significant proportion of patients visiting varied specialists attributing all their problems to Gas. 'Gas Syndrome’ is proposed as a culture bound syndrome
Two families with quadrupedalism, mental retardation, no\ud speech, and infantile hypotonia (Uner Tan Syndrome\ud Type-II); a novel theory for the evolutionary emergence of\ud human bipedalism
No full textTwo consanguineous families with Uner Tan Syndrome (UTS) were analyzed in relation to self-organizing processes in complex systems, and the evolutionary emergence of human\ud
bipedalism. The cases had the key symptoms of previously reported cases of UTS, such as quadrupedalism, mental retardation, and dysarthric or no speech, but the new cases\ud
also exhibited infantile hypotonia and are designated UTS Type-II. There were 10 siblings in Branch I and 12 siblings in Branch II. Of these, there were seven cases exhibiting habitual quadrupedal locomotion (QL): four deceased and three living. The infantile hypotonia in the\ud
surviving cases gradually disappeared over a period of years, so that they could sit by about 10 years, crawl on hands and knees by about 12 years. They began walking on all fours at around 14 years, habitually using QL. Neurological examinations showed normal tonus in\ud
their arms and legs, no Babinski sign, brisk tendon reflexes especially in the legs, and mild tremor. The patients could not walk in a straight line, but (except in one case) could stand up and maintain upright posture with truncal ataxia. Cerebello-vermial hypoplasia and mild gyral simplification were noted in their MRIs. The results of the genetic analysis were inconclusive: no genetic code could be identified as the triggering factor for the syndrome\ud
in these families. Instead, the extremely low socio-economic status of the patients was thought to play a role in the emergence of UTS, possibly by epigenetically changing the brain structure and function, with a consequent selection of ancestral neural networks for\ud
QL during locomotor development. It was suggested that UTS may be regarded as one of the unpredictable outcomes of self-organization within a complex system. It was also\ud
noted that the prominent feature of this syndrome, the diagonal-sequence habitual QL, generated an interference between ipsilateral hands and feet, as innon-humanprimates. It was suggested that this may have been the triggering factor for the attractor state “bipedal locomotion” (BL), which had visual and manual benefits for our ape-like ancestors, and therefore enhancing their chances for survival, with consequent developments in the psychomotor domain of humans. This was put forward as a novel theory of the evolution of BL in human beings
A Quantitative Neural Coding Model of Sensory Memory\ud
No full textThe coding mechanism of sensory memory on the neuron scale is one of the most\ud
important questions in neuroscience. We have put forward a quantitative neural network model,\ud
which is self-organized, self-similar, and self-adaptive, just like an ecosystem following\ud
Darwin's theory. According to this model, neural coding is a “mult-to-one”mapping from\ud
objects to neurons. And the whole cerebrum is a real-time statistical Turing Machine, with\ud
powerful representing and learning ability. This model can reconcile some important disputations,\ud
such as: temporal coding versus rate-based coding, grandmother cell versus population coding,\ud
and decay theory versus interference theory. And it has also provided explanations for some key\ud
questions such as memory consolidation, episodic memory, consciousness, and sentiment.\ud
Philosophical significance is indicated at last.\u
Targetable Named Entity Recognition in Social Media
No full textWe present a novel approach for recognizing what we call targetable named entities; that is, named entities in a targeted set (e.g, movies, books, TV shows). Unlike many other NER systems that need to retrain their statistical models as new entities arrive, our approach does not require such retraining, which makes it more adaptable for types of entities that are frequently updated. For this preliminary study, we focus on one entity type, movie title, using data collected from Twitter. Our system is tested on two evaluation sets, one including only entities corresponding to movies in our training set, and the other excluding any of those entities. Our final model shows F1-scores of 76.19% and 78.70% on these evaluation sets, which gives strong evidence that our approach is completely unbiased to any particular set of entities found during training