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Treatment of liquid waste from the dyeing area in flowers for export with Eichhornia crassipes (Buchón de Agua)
No full textIntroduction: Flower croppers in Colombia are
following the worldwide trend of respecting and caring
for natural resources, and this means more demanding
conditions from clients, bringing a new challenge for
those croppers and traders because the generated
impacts to be minimized are multiple and of many
diverse kinds. Objective: To accomplish the
international parameters, like ISO 14000 norm and the
FLORVERDE program. One of the impacts to
minimize by this project is the one caused by the dyeing
process of fresh flowers, because, though it gives the
flowers novel characteristics, it generates negative
impacts, especially because of the composition of
waste waters, which have to pass through specific
treatments in order to accomplish the 1594/84 decree
about liquid wastes. Materials and methods: The
proposed treatment is the use of what is known as
natural systems, or appropriately phytoremediation,
which is the use of water plants as a cleaner for waste
waters, through a treatment with calla lily (Eichhornia
crassipes). Results: the characteristics of the affluent
are increased, especially in the achievement of
removing heavy metals, total suspended solids and
color diminishing. Conclusion: This treatment is easy
to be implemented and is an excellent alternative from
the economical and ecological points of view
Satisfaction level of the Faculty Members with the Services Provided by the Corporación Universitaria Lasallista. August 2003
No full textIntroduction:User’s satisfaction is an indicative of the
quality of the library’s services, evaluated from the
perspective of Faculty members as customers of same
service. Objetive: To describe the satisfaction level
of the Faculty members with the services provided by
the library. Materials and Methods: A descriptive
study was made, using as an instrument to acquire
the information a self-applied questionnaire. The
satisfaction with the library services was evaluated
through a 60 items scale, graded from 1 to 5, giving a
1 grade to total discomfort and 5 to a maximum
satisfaction. The information was put in a data base
made with a SPSS vr. 11.5 statistic software, with
which the tabulation plan was made. Results: A total
of 70 faculty members were surveyed. During last
semester, three out of five of them used the library
services one or more times per week, considering this
as an appropriate frequency of use. The general
satisfaction with this service was graded with a 4.0.
According to the faculty’s opinion, the information
resources offered by the library are enough, although
they suggest an increase in the quantity and quality of
books and journals. Conclusion: There is an
adequate satisfaction of the Corporación Universitaria
Lasallista´s faculty members with the services
provided by its library.Introducción: La satisfacción del usuario es un indicador de la calidad de los servicios de biblioteca evaluados desde la perspectiva de los profesores como
clientes del servicio. Objetivo: Describir el nivel de
satisfacción de los profesores con los servicios bibliotecarios. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, utilizando como instrumento para la
toma de información un cuestionario autoaplicado. La
satisfacción con los servicios de biblioteca fue evaluada a través de una escala de 60 items calificados
de 1 a 5, correspondiendo 1 a insatisfacción total y el
5 a la satisfacción máxima. La información fue vaciada en una base de datos hecha con programa estadístico SPSS vr. 11.5, paquete con el que se realizó el
plan de tabulación. Resultados: Se encuestaron un
total de 70 profesores. Durante el semestre anterior,
tres de cada cinco utilizaron el servicio de biblioteca
una y más veces por semana, considerándose esta
utilización adecuada. La satisfacción general con este
servicio fue calificada con 4.0. Según la opinión de
los profesores los recursos de información en la biblioteca son suficientes, aunque sugieren que se debe
mejorar la cantidad y la calidad de libros y revistas.
Conclusión: Existe una adecuada satisfacción de los
profesores de la Corporación Universitaria Lasallista
con los servicios que brinda su biblioteca
El desarrollo de productos como estrategia formativa de ingenieros de alimentos
No full textEs común escuchar en congresos, seminarios y
diferentes reuniones a los que asisten miembros
de la academia y del sector empresarial, que uno
de los principales problemas que se presenta en
sus relaciones, es la baja interacción hacia la búsqueda
de objetivos comunes, que permitan el fortalecimiento
del desarrollo investigativo en pro del
conocimiento, y de la solución de problemas. Algunos
empresarios argumentan que las
universidades teorizan excesivamente y ponen en
práctica pocos de estos conocimientos, aumentando
la brecha entre el desempeño universitario
y el desarrollo empresarial
Pig´s manure on animal feeding.
No full textIn the whole world, the biggest problems faced by
pig breeders is the generation of feces, which
having a great potential of nutrients, contaminate
the environment and can become the main obstacle
for the future of the animal industry. Pig feces have
been handled traditionally under a pigs-lawn-milk
system, using the soil improvement for lawn with
the fertilization of organic material, obtaining a
better dairy production. To use the contents of the
nutrients contained specially by pig’s manure, an
alternative can be the conversion to unicellular
protein, in a solid state fermentation process with
microorganisms.A nivel mundial, el mayor problema que enfrentan las
explotaciones porcinas es la generación de excretas,
que al tener un gran potencial de nutrientes, contaminan el ambiente y pueden llegar a constituirse en el
principal obstáculo para el futuro desarrollo de la industria animal. Las excretas de cerdo se han manejado tradicionalmente en un sistema cerdos-pasto-leche, aprovechando el mejoramiento de los suelos para
pastos con la fertilización de materia orgánica para
lograr una mayor producción de leche.
Para utilizar los contenidos de nutrientes que contiene en especial la porquinaza, se puede pensar como
alternativa la conversión a proteína unicelular, en un
p r o c e s o d e f e rme n t a c i ó n e n e s t a d o s ó l i d o c o n
microorganismos
Social impact among the participants in the Sanitary Education Program on Food Handling and Social Coexistence
No full textIntroduction: Since 1997, the Engineering
Program of Corporación Universitaria Lasallista
has been developing a task of social projection,
with the “Sanitary Education Program on Food
Handling and Social Coexistence” addressed to
parents from the 1st and 2nd stratification levels
who work, mainly, in school restaurants, street food
sales, domestic service work and social programs
of community mothers. The program is financially
supported by the Rodrigo Arroyave Arango
Foundation since 1998. Objective: To measure the
impact of this program among its participants.
Materials and methods: To collect information, a
survey was applied to the participants and an
observation guide for the visits to school restaurants,
community homes and other places, was
used. Results: The program has had a great
impact, because it has allowed an increase of the
usual food handling practices, diminishing the risk
of gastrointestinal diseases among the children
from community homes and school restaurants.
Further benefits were found, specially those related
to self-confidence, the respect to others and
tolerance to family and neighbors, increasing the
quality of life of the participants and their families.
Conclusion: The Corporación Universitaria
Lasallista must keep on offering this program,
making trough it a contribution to the reconstruction
of social tissue in our region
About a unique literary art in the supposed “fables” of Leonardo da Vinci (the union of science, love and art)
No full textThe text deals with the models that inspired Leonardo
to make his notes (whether scientific or not). There is
a study of his scientific writing which for 500 years has
been a paradigm. The article exemplifies that to write
well with a scientific approach the world around us
must be observed and that language itself must be
studied thoroughly. It briefly deals with the diverse
writing styles that Leonardo explored. There is a
discussion about the so-called “literary fables” actually
being fables in the classical sense of the term and
rather being scientific notes.El texto se ocupa de los modelos en que Leonardo da
Vinci se inspiró para hacer sus diversos apuntes, tanto científicos como otros. Se estudia su escritura científica que, aún a 500 años, sirve de paradigma. Se
ejemplifica que para escribir bien con enfoque cientí-
fico hay que observar el mundo circundante y estudiar a fondo la lengua misma. Brevemente se trata de
las diversas formas escriturales que Leonardo exploró. Se discute que las llamadas “fábulas literarias” de
Leonardo sean “fábulas” en el sentido clásico del término y se afirma que son más bien apuntes de cienci
Growth Curves of Cattle grown at Corporación Universitaria Lasallista
No full textIntroduction: One of the problems found in cattle
exploitations is to typify the weighting of calves so
they can be compared. To the moment, the most
common practice in those exploitations is a lineal
interpolation between two consecutive weightings,
method that imposes severe restrictions concerning
the period of time between weightings and determines
the elimination of a great number of registrations.
Objective: To make a graphic representation of the
growth curves of four calves, in order to obtain the
most appropriate equation for a better adjustment.
Materials and methods: Four calves were
monitored during 8 months (two Holstein cow calves,
a Holstein bull calf and a mixed male bull calf, all of
them born in close dates), the growth system used
was bucket-stake. The males consumed milk until
they were 85 days old and the females until they were
70, every day they were given 4 litters of milk-replacer:
Processed cattle food was given to them until their
fifth month, and in this period each animal consumed
12 kg for a daily media rate of 80 gr. When they were
two months old, the bucket-stake system was
changed to a rotatory cattle keeping system on
Pennisetum clandestinum grass (kikuyu). Since their
first month of life, they were given 10 kg of Arachis
pintoi (forage peanut) not dehydrated, coming from
the pruning of the garden keepers from the
Corporación´s facilities. The data collection was made
every week using a bovine metric tape. Results: A
total number of 31 observations was obtained. The
growth speed was higher in the bull calves, fact that
can be explained by the higher consuming of milk
replacer, because they had more access to it. The
daily rate of weight gain was 589gr and 518 for the
males and the females, respectively
Photodegradation with tio2 from the amaranth red dye in water
No full textIntroduction: Sensitivized biodegradation, with
TiO2 and sun light, is a technique which can be used
as a depuration system by itself, or as a tertiary
process, especially for industrial remains treatment.
Photocatalytical technologies are very promising for
their application on the solving of water
contamination problems. Those technologies are
very well regarded to be implemented, because the
use of sun light reduces in a great measure the
costs of the treatment. The use of this technique to
degrade and mineralize the Amaranth Red Dye, can
be implemented as a more appropriate alternative
than other traditional oxidation processes.
Objective: To study heterogeneous catalysis of
Amaranth Red dye, by the use of a sun light
collector and titanium oxide as a catalyst. Materials
and methods: For the photocatalysis process, a
composed cylinder parabolic sunlight collector
(CPC) was used and the conditions under which
the higher measurements of color removal were
gotten were analyzed. The variables analyzed for
this purpose were the concentration of the catalyst
(TiO2), the hydrogen peroxide concentration and
the relation between both of them before the
degradation and mineralization of the color.
Results:For this work synthetic solutions dyed with
100mg/L Amaranth Red color prepared with potable
water. The most influent parameter on the
degradation percentages reached, is the use of
TiO2 mixed with hydrogen peroxide. The maximum
degradation percentage obtained was 93.48% for
titanium dioxide concentration of 150mg/L and 2
ml/L of hydrogen peroxide. Conclussion: The
used of appropriate concentrations of TiO2 and
H2O2 allows to obtain good degradation and
mineralization percentages of the Amaranth Red
Dye contained in water.Introducción: la fotodegradación sensibilizada, con
TiO2
y luz solar, es una técnica que puede ser
empleada como sistema de depuración por si misma, o como un proceso terciario, en especial para
tratar residuos industriales. Las tecnologías
fotocatalíticas son consideradas muy prometedoras
para ser aplicadas en la solución de problemas de
contaminación de agua. Dichas tecnologías resultan
muy atractivas para su implementación, porque el uso
de energía solar reduce en forma significativa los costos del tratamiento. El empleo de esta técnica para
degradar y mineralizar el colorante Rojo Amaranto,
puede imponerse como una alternativa más adecuada que otros procesos de oxidación tradicionales.
Objetivo: Estudiar la fotocatálisis heterogénea del
colorante Rojo Amaranto utilizando un colector solar
y dióxido de titanio como catalizador. Materiales y
equipos: para el proceso de fotocatálisis se utilizó
un colector solar cilindro parabólico compuesto (CPC)
y se analizaron las condiciones bajo las cuales se
obtuvieron los mayores porcentajes de remoción de
color. Las variables analizadas para tal fin, fueron la
concentración del catalizador (TiO2
), la concentración
del peróxido de hidrógeno y la relación entre ambas
frente a la degradación y la mineralización del color.
Resultados: Para la realización de este trabajo, se
utilizaron soluciones sintéticas coloreadas con Rojo
Amaranto de 100 mg/L, preparadas con agua potable. El parámetro que más influyó sobre los porcentajes de degradación alcanzados, es el uso de TiO2
conjuntamente con peróxido de hidrógeno. El máximo
porcentaje de degradación obtenido fue del 93.48%,
para una concentración de dióxido de titanio de 150
mg/L y 2 ml/L de peróxido de hidrógeno. Conclusión:
el uso de las concentraciones adecuadas de TiO2 y
H2
O2
permite obtener buenos porcentajes de degradación y mineralización del colorante Rojo Amaranto,
presente en las aguas
Sinergy between non-caloric sweeteners and fumaric acid.
No full textGiven the great demand of sugar-free products it is
necessary to find new applications for traditional
products and additives. This is the case of the fumaric
acid, for which a sweetener or sweeteners mixture
that grants a good level of synergy in products like
powder beverages is being searched. The current
investigations suggest that the encapsulation process
is the best alternative to achieve a good balance
between acidulants and sweeteners, taking
advantage of their physicochemical and sensorial
qualities.Ante la gran demanda de productos libres de azúcar
se evidencia la necesidad de encontrar nuevas aplicaciones para productos tradicionales. Es el caso del
ácido fumárico, para el cual se está buscando el edulcorante o mezcla de edulcorantes que otorgue un buen
nivel de sinergia en productos como los refrescos en
polvo. Las investigaciones actuales sugieren el proceso de encapsulación como la mejor alternativa para
llegar a un equilibrio óptimo entre acidulantes y
e d u l c o r a n t e s , a p r o v e c h a n d o l a s p r o p i e d a d e s
fisicoquímicas y sensoriales que poseen
The beetle and the compost.
No full textColeopteras are well known as among the coleoptera
order we have the Scarabaideae and Sthaphylinaidae
families that help to degradate the organic material,
although there is not a thorough knowledge of the
conditions under which they act. It is very important to
obtain information on how to help to improve the quality
of compost, because many benefits would be obtained
in several aspects. The compost is of the best organic
fetillizers that can be obtained in an easy way.
Coleopteras can be present as one link of the
alimentary chain, performing as decomposers or
transformers of solid organic waste.Los coleópteros son vulgarmente conocidos como
escarabajos. Son organismos que presentan una
amplia gama de formas y colores. Dentro del orden
c o l e o p t e r a e s t á n l a s f a m i l i a s S c a r a b e i d a e y
Staphylinidae quienes ayudan a degradar la materia
orgánica, aunque en la actualidad se tiene poco conocimiento de las condiciones bajo las cuales actúan.
Es muy importante obtener información acerca de
cómo ayudan a mejorar la calidad del compost, pues
al averiguarlo se obtendrían muchos beneficios en
diferentes aspectos. El compost es uno de los mejores abonos orgánicos que pueden obtenerse en forma fácil. Los coleópteros pueden estar presentes en
éste como un eslabón dentro de la cadena alimenticia cumpliendo la función de descomponedores o
transformadores de desechos orgánicos sólidos