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The Psychometric Properties of the "Conflict Management Climate Scale»: A Validation Study of a Questionnaire on Conflict Management Climate
No full textI denne studien undersøkte vi de psykometriske egenskapene til «Conflict Management Climate Scale» (Einarsen et al., 2018). Vi vurderte spørreskjemaets faktorstruktur, reliabilitet, konstruktvaliditet (konvergent og diskriminant validitet), og prediktive validitet.
Vi benyttet data samlet inn gjennom spørreskjemaer fra en arbeidsmiljøundersøkelse i Tide Sjø gjennomført i 2007 (N = 318) og en arbeidsmiljøundersøkelse fra norske fylkesskoler i 2024 (N = 470). Det førstnevnte datasettet ble brukt til å vurdere faktorstruktur, konstruktvaliditet og reliabilitet, mens det andrenevnte datasettet ble brukt til å vurdere prediktiv validitet og test-retest-reliabilitet.
Spørreskjemaet viste høy reliabilitet og moderat stabilitet over tid. Videre viste analysene tilfredsstillende intern konsistens, og at konflikthåndteringsklima skiller seg tilstrekkelig fra andre konstrukter, noe som støtter dets konvergente og diskriminante validitet. Imidlertid viste spørreskjemaet svak evne til å predikere framtidige nivåer av rollekonflikt, konflikt og mobbing, noe som kan indikere at det er behov for justeringer av måleinstrumentet.
Studien identifiserte utfordringer knyttet til spørreskjemaets prediktive validitet og det første leddet. Dette kan være forårsaket av lav rwg som førte til at aggregering av CMC var uhensiktsmessig. Derfor fikk studien bare undersøkt psykologisk klima og ikke organisatorisk klima, og gir dermed begrenset innsikt i «Conflict Management Climate Scale» sine psykometriske egenskaper.In this study we investigated the psychometric properties of the «Conflict Management Climate Scale» (Einarsen et al., 2018). We evaluated the questionnaire’s factor structure, reliability, construct validity (convergent and discriminant validity), and predictive validity.
The data was collected through questionnaires from a work environment survey in Tide Sjø conducted in 2007 (N = 318) and a work environment survey from Norwegian county schools in 2024 (N = 470). The first dataset was used to evaluated factorial structure, construct validity and reliability, while the second dataset was used to investigate the predictive validity and test-retest reliability.
The questionnaire showed high reliability and moderate stability over time. Further, the analysis showed satisfactory internal consistency, and that conflict management climate differs sufficiently from other constructs which supports its convergent and discriminant validity. However, the questionnaire demonstrated weak ability to predict future levels of role conflict, conflict and bullying, which may indicate that there is need for adjustments of the measurement instrument.
The study identified challenges related to the predictive qualities and the first item of the questionnaire. This might have been caused by low rwg which made aggregation of CMC inappropriate. Therefore, the study only investigated psychological climate and not organizational climate and provides limited insight into the psychometric properties of «Conflict Management Climate Scale».Masteroppgave i arbeids- og organisasjonspsykologiMAPSYK345MAPS-PSYKINTL-PSYKMAPS-AO
Hydroclimate intensification likely aided glacier survival on Svalbard in the Early Holocene
Full text linkAccelerated Arctic warming and wetting has global impacts, as the region’s glaciers and ice caps respond to variations in temperature and precipitation, impacting global sea-level change. But as the observations needed to calibrate models are scarce, predictions cannot confirm if increases in snowfall can help offset melt. Here, we analyze two 14,000-year-long glacier-fed lake sediment records from the Svalbard archipelago to examine the response of a resilient ice cap (Åsgardfonna) to warmer-than-present Holocene Thermal Maximum conditions. End-Member Modelling allowed us to unmix the diluted grain size signal of rock flour – a widely used proxy for past glacier change, and surface runoff – an indicator of hydrological intensification. Our findings reveal that Åsgardfonna survived and may have advanced despite warmer conditions, possibly due to enhanced snowfall driven by sea-ice loss. This suggests that future increases in precipitation could moderate glacier retreat in similar settings.publishedVersio
The sea louse Caligus elongatus (Caligidae). Hosts susceptibility to the two genotypes
Full text linkMasteroppgave i fiskehelseFISK399MAMN-FIS
Monte Carlo Simulations in Cost Estimation Analysis
Full text linkMasteroppgave i Programvareutvikling samarbeid med HVLPROG399MAMN-PRO
Addressing the observational gap over heterogeneous land surfaces in the lower atmospheric boundary layer by multi-copter temperature and humidity profile measurements
Full text linkThe effects of surface heterogeneity on the atmospheric boundary layer are still poorly understood and thus not appropriately parameterized in numerical weather prediction models. The complexity of types, shapes, and scales of heterogeneity poses also considerable challenges to any observational approach. The problem of heterogeneity is usually addressed by distributed single point measurements over the different surface types, but typically leave a considerable observational gap across the heterogeneity boundaries.
This study proposes the method of utilizing the Bebop2Met, a small multi-rotor drone equipped with a meteorological payload for temperature and humidity measurements, to bridge this gap. As a part of the international MOSAI (Models and Observations for Surface-Atmosphere Interaction) campaign, more than 400 individual temperature and humidity profiles were collected during three extensive operational periods in April, August, and December 2023, close to Lannemezan, France, at the foothills of the Pyrenees. The measurement strategy applied was to observe the thermodynamic properties of the lower atmosphere through repeated series of densely spaced vertical profiles along a line perpendicular to the transition from the smooth (grass/corn) to rough (forest) surface, to enhance the insight in the spatio-temporal variability over strongly heterogeneous surfaces.
The results show that the chosen measurement approach can provide valuable data sets that can clearly complement the classical mast based in-situ observations. The system is able to resolve small-scale structures near transitional boundaries. By an appropriate spatial and temporal interpolation of the individual profiles, measured at different positions and at different times, those structures can be properly visualized.
Due to the limited number of observed and analyzed cases, in comparison to the varying meteorological conditions, remains the cause of these structures and there development unclear, the study can however be seen as a successful proof-of-concept.
The flexibility, affordability, and ease of access with a small drone make it appealing for both primary and complementary data collection for surface heterogeneity impacts and effects.
Future studies could look into greater data collection periods, as well as utilizing multiple drones for greater spatial coverage and possibly adding another dimension for analyzing the structural development of these complex interactions between differing surface heterogeneities.Masteroppgave i meteorologi og oseanografiGEOF399MAMN-GEO
Effect of male body size on mating behaviour in a parasite, the salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis)
Full text linkMasteroppgave i biologiBIO399MAMN-HAVSJMAMN-BI
Behovet for et utvidet erstatningsvern ved ekspropriasjon for midlertidige støyulemper i lys av HR-2024-1717-A
Full text linkMasteroppgaveJUS399MAJUR-2MAJU
Coworking and regional development - a casestudy in rural municipalities in Norway
No full textCoworking, ein fleksibel arbeidsplass som delast av forskjellige formar for arbeidande individ, har blitt ein meir og meir populær arbeidsplassform internasjonalt og i Noreg. Fenomenet har oppstått som eit resultat av samfunnets utvikling i forbindelse med digitalisering, fjernarbeid, og kunnskapsintensitet i nye formar for arbeidsløysingar assosiert med den kreative- og kunnskapsbaserte økonomien. Denne masterstudien er ein feltbasert casestudie som tar utgangspunkt i litteraturens fokus på korleis coworking gjennom digitale arbeidsmetodar kan bidra til å gjere stader utanom byane meir attraktiv som bu- og arbeidsstad. Teoriramma for studien – coworking sin regionale effekt for entreprenørskap, næringsutvikling og stadutvikling – utgjer dermed utgangspunktet for å forstå brua mellom arbeidsorganisering, lokalisering og regional utvikling hos norske distriktskommunar.
Det empiriske utgangspunktet for studien er todelt. Del ein er ein oversiktsstudie over coworkingframkomsten i Noreg med utgangspunkt i geografiske kjenneteikn, coworking sin framvekst, profiler og innhald. Desse formar grunnlaget for studiens typologiar som gir viktig innsikt i mangfaldet av opplegg og aktivitetar coworking kan innehalde. Den andre delen er ein casestudie som utforskar og drøfter lokale strategiar og effektar meir detaljert, offentlege aktørar sine moglege tilknytingar, faktorar for suksess, og utfordringar relatert til å drive ein cowork og overføre konseptet til ein rural kontekst.
Hovudfunna frå oversiktsstudien viser at det er 219 coworkingar i Noreg, der mesteparten er lokalisert i urbane område. Derimot, i dei seinare åra, har coworking hatt betydeleg framvekst i rurale område, der ¼ av coworkingane er lokalisert hos 49 distriktskommunar. Knytt til regionale utvikling identifiserer feltstudien at coworking i distriktskommunar kan vere eit verktøy for (1) næringsutvikling og entreprenørskap i form av å skape breidde i sysselsettinga, vere ein fleksibel arbeidsplass for gründerar og fjernarbeidarar, og vere ein plattform for nettverksbygging profesjonelt og sosiale arbeidspraksisar; (2) stadutvikling ved å skape sosial infrastruktur i form av å vere ein møteplass og sosiale arena (som i stor grad er redusert i andre formar); og (3) gjere kommunen meir attraktiv for tilflytting og busetting som ein av fleire varierte faktorar. Studien finn også at coworketableringar med tilknyting til offentlege aktørar kan vere med på å redusere økonomiske utfordringar knytt til lågare brukargruppe på småstadar. Likevel er både storleiken av ringverknadar, samt på kva område den kan fungere som utviklingsverktøy, noko som varierer frå kommune til kommune avhengig av sine individuelle og kontekstuelle faktorar.Coworking, a flexible workplace shared by various forms of working individuals, has become an increasingly popular form of workspace internationally and in Norway. It has emerged due to societal shifts in digitization, remote work, and knowledge intensity linked to new ways of working in the creative, knowledge-based economy. This master's thesis is a field-based case study based on the academic literature on how coworking can contribute to making rural areas more attractive for living and working. The theoretical framework of this study – the regional effect of coworking on entrepreneurship, business development, and place development – serves as the basis for understanding the connection between work organization, location, and regional development in rural municipalities in Norway.
The empirical basis of this study is twofold. The first part is an overview study which identify the emergence of coworking in Norway, coworking’s geographical characteristics, development, profiles, and content. These form the basis for the typologies developed in this study and provide detailed insights into the diversity of arrangements and activities connected with the concept. The second part is a case study that explores and discusses local strategies and effects in more detail, the potential involvement of public actors, success factors, and challenges related to operating and transferring coworking space as a concept to a rural context.
The main findings from the overview study reveal that there are 219 coworking spaces in Norway, predominantly in urban areas. However, in recent years, coworking spaces has grown significantly in rural areas, where ¼ of the identified coworking spaces is localized in 49 rural municipalities. Concerning regional development, this study identifies coworking in rural municipalities to be a tool for (1) business development and entrepreneurship by creating diversity in the employment structure, serving as a flexible workplace for entrepreneurs and remote workers, and providing a platform for professional networking and social work practices; (2) creating social infrastructure in forms of meeting places and social arenas (which are reduced in other forms); and (3) making the municipality more attractive for relocation and settlement as one of several factors. The study also finds that coworking establishments connected to public actors can help mitigate some of the economic challenges related to fewer potential users in small towns. Nevertheless, the extent of the ripple effects, as well as the areas in which coworking can function as a development tool, vary from municipality to municipality depending on their individual and contextual factors.Masteroppgave i geografiGEO350MASV-PHYGMASV-GEOGMASV-MEHAMPGEOG
Wind turbulence around a bridge deck in full scale
Full text linkThis paper studies the interaction between atmospheric turbulence and a closed-box bridge girder using new data acquired on the Lysefjord Bridge in Norway. Two sonic anemometers installed near the deck edges provided wind turbulence data, which were compared to observations of the incoming flow. The investigation provides insights into the distortion of natural wind both upstream and downstream of the deck, and the vortex-shedding process past the deck’s leeward side. In the near-wake region, the pronounced three-dimensionality of the flow was identified and its correlation with the yaw angle of the incident flow was established. Vertical velocity fluctuations served as an indicator of the vortex shedding process, and Strouhal number estimates were found to exhibit a certain sensitivity to the turbulence intensity in the approaching flow. The results discussed contribute to advancing the understanding of full-scale bridge aerodynamics and provide valuable data for validating and improving wind load models. The findings have implications for the design and safety of long-span bridges exposed to atmospheric turbulence.publishedVersio
Postoperative outcomes in patients operated for extra- and intracapsular hip fractures – a secondary analysis of two randomized controlled trials
Full text linkBackground: Hip fractures are among the most common and serious injuries in older adults. There has been a perception that extracapsular hip fractures have worse outcome than intracapsular hip fractures. We aimed to examine postoperative outcomes in patients operated for extra- and intracapsular hip fractures.
Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from two randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of orthogeriatric care. Bivariate analyses were conducted, comparing patients with extracapsular fracture to patients with intracapsular fracture. Mortality, length of hospital stay (LOS), new nursing home admissions, operative data and measures of functional and cognitive performance were assessed as endpoints.
Results: The primary analysis included 711 patients; 283 patients had an extracapsular fracture and 428 an intracapsular fracture. At four months follow-up, the intracapsular fracture group had significantly better Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) (5.0 vs. 4.0, p = 0.007), personal Activities of Daily Living (p-ADL) (17.0 vs. 16.0, p = 0.007) and instrumental ADL (i-ADL) (32.5 vs. 28.0, p = 0.049). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups at 12 months.
Conclusions: Patients with an extracapsular fracture had worse mobility and ADL levels four months postoperatively, but there were no clinically relevant differences at 12 months postoperatively.publishedVersio