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    Understanding Suffering in the Theologies of Johann Baptist Metz and Jürgen Moltmann

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    Ovaj je diplomski rad podijeljen na četiri poglavlja. U prvome poglavlju prikazan je pojam patnje sa značenjima koja u sebi sadržava te je objašnjena univerzalna solidarnost svih ljudi kroz prizmu same patnje. Predstavljena je radikalizacija spomenute problematike tijekom dvadesetoga stoljeća imajući na umu dva svjetska rata, kao i oblike patnje tijekom dvadeset i prvoga stoljeća. U vezi s time donesen je kršćanski pogled na trpljenje i patnju. U drugome poglavlju u novoj političkoj teologija njemačkoga katoličkog teologa Johanna Baptista Metza predstavljena je njegova teološka misao o patnji. Prema njegovu mišljenju, patnja je negativan misterij od kojega nas je Bog došao spasiti. Teolog razrađuje pojam patnje trima temeljnim kategorijama: spomena, pripovijedanja i solidarnosti. Posebnim nazivom ,,patnja od Boga” autor opisuje patnju kao stanje ovisno o gledištu koje Bog zauzme prema ljudima. Osim toga, teolog naglašava važnost konkretnih uvjeta u kojima ljudi žive za suvremen i autentičan govor o Bogu i zbog toga ističe da je kršćanska teologija mistika otvorenih očiju zbog očite nužnosti situacijskoga govora o Bogu koji je prije svega osjetljiv na patnju. U trećemu poglavlju u teologiji nade i teologiji križa prikazana su promišljanja njemačkoga protestantskog teologa Jürgena Moltmanna o patnji. Podloga za problematiziranje patnje autor veže uz događaj Isusova uskrsnuća jer je i samo uskrsnuće odgovor Boga Oca na Sinovljevu patnju. Nadalje, u tematiziranju patnje autor promišlja o sposobnosti Boga da trpi, naravno, ne kao što trpi stvorenje, a vrhunac teologova interesa predstavlja Isusova patnja i smrt na križu. Taj događaj autor shvaća u trinitarnome kontekstu naglašavajući da ostavljenost Sina od Oca, prepoznata kao patnja ,,u Bogu”, ima za posljedicu stvaranje mjesta za čovjeka u Bogu po djelovanju Duha Svetoga. Konačno, u četvrtome poglavlju prikazana su suglasja i razlike između teologija Metza i Moltmanna koje pripadaju političkoj teološkoj perspektivi u kojima se može prepoznati zajedničko polazište nastalo zbog ratnoga iskustva, kao i distinkcije jer im se teološki putevi račvaju. Iako se autori u svojim teologijama bitno razlikuju u tome što Metz problem patnje nastoji riješiti fundamentalnim, a Moltmann dogmatskim teološkim ključem, ipak svježinom misli aktualno prikazuju svu širinu problematike patnje i nude nekoliko rješenja za izlazak iz besmisla patnje koja je konstanta povijesti. Jednako tako autori žele pokušati stvoriti nova teološka promišljanja za situacijski govor o Bogu koji ide za približavanjem teorije i prakse.This thesis is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter is presented the concept of suffering and universal solidarity of all people through the prism of suffering itself. There are presented the radicalization of the mentioned issue during the twentieth century, especially with the two world wars, as well as the forms of suffering during the twenty-first century. Connected with this, also is shown a Christian view of suffering. The second chapter contains the new political theology of the German Catholic theologian Johann Baptist Metz, regarding his theological thought on suffering. By him, suffering is a negative mystery from which God came to save us. The theologian elaborates the concept of suffering through the three fundamental categories of memory, narration and solidarity. He talks about suffering from God depending on the attitude that God takes towards people, emphasizes the importance of the concrete conditions in which people live for authentic speech about God and therefore points out that Christian theology is a mysticism of open eyes due to the obvious necessity of situational speech about God which is sensitive to suffering. In the third chapter, there is presented the research of the German Protestant theologian Jürgen Moltmann about suffering in his theology of hope and theology of the cross. The author connects the basis for problematizing suffering with the resurrection of Jesus, because the resurrection itself is God the Father's answer to the Son's suffering. Furthermore, in the thematization of suffering, the author reflects on the suitability of God to suffer, of course not as the creation suffers, and the climax is Jesus' suffering and death on the cross. The author understands this event in a Trinitarian context. The Protestant theologian emphasizes the abandonment of the Son by the Father and in this he recognizes the suffering in God that creates a place for man in God through the action of the Holy Spirit. Finally, the fourth chapter shows the agreements and differences between the theologies of Metz and Moltmann, which belong to the political theological perspective. Although the authors have important differences in their theologies, they still present the problem of suffering with freshness of thought and offer several solutions for a meaningful life with suffering as well as an attempt to create new theological reflections for a situational speech about God that aims to bring theory and practice closer together

    Youth Ministry in the light of the final document of the Synod of Bishops on Youth and the Apostolic Exhortation Christus Vivit

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    Pastoral mladih uvijek je aktualna tema u Crkvi, osobito danas prilikom brzih promjena u načinu života i društva. Zbog toga su biskupi Katoličke Crkve na čelu s papom Franjom odlučili svoju XV. Redovitu sinodu u Vatikanu 2018., posvetiti upravo temi mladih s naslovom „Mladi, vjera i razlučivanje zvanja“. Kao rezultat te sinode proizašla je i pobudnica pape Franje za mlade Christus vivit. U radu smo stoga prošli zaključke sinode o mladima, te iz njih izvukli najvažnije teme i oblik pastorala koji bi pastoralni djelatnici Crkve u budućnosti trebali provoditi s mladima. Vodeći se tim naputcima, trebalo bi mladima pomoći da jasno razluče i odaberu svoj životni poziv kako bi mogli biti sastavni i izgrađujući dio društva u kojem se nalaze i tako ispuniti poziv koji im je Bog dao u ovome svijetu. Detaljno smo se dotaknuli i smjernica koje papa Franjo u svojoj apostolskoj pobudnici Christus vivit daje mladima, kako bi što bolje prepoznali talente koje im je Bog darovao, te po njima ostvarili svoj poziv u ovome svijetu.Youth ministry is always the actual topic in the Catholic Church, especially today in the time of fast changes in the style of life and society. Because of that, the bishops of the Catholic Church, with pope Francis decided to dedicate the XV. General synod in Vatican 2018. to the topic of young people with the title “Young people, the faith and vocational discernment”. As a result of that synod came out the pope Francis’ exhortation Christus vivit for young people. In this paper, we therefore reviewed the synod's conclusions on youth pastoral care, and extracted from them the most important themes and the form of pastoral work that pastoral workers of the Church should conduct with young people in the future. Guided by these instructions, young people should be helped to clearly distinguish and choose their life vocation so that they can be an integral and constructive part of the society in which they find themselves and thus fulfil the vocation that God gave them in this world. We touched in detail on the guidelines that Pope Francis, in his apostolic exhortation Christus vivit, gives to young people, so that they can better recognize the talents that God has given them, and use them to realize their calling in this world

    The concept of conversion in the sacrament of reconciliation

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    Jedno od fundamentalnih iskustava osobe kao ljubljenog Božjeg stvorenja iskustvo je njegove grešnosti koja se reflektira u konkretnoj egzistenciji. S jedne strane Bog ne prestaje čovjeka privlačiti k sebi dolazeći mu u susret, dok se s druge strane taj isti čovjek, svjestan svoje ograničenosti, nestalnosti i krhkosti, suočava s borbom protiv grijeha. Potreba trajne obnove i neprestanog okretanja k Bogu afirmira činjenicu kako obraćenje nije jednokratan događaj, već trajno raspoloženje onoga koji nastoji čitavim svojim životom odgovoriti pozivu na svetost. Obraćenje svoj vrhunac postiže unutar dinamike sakramenta pomirenja: oproštenje od Boga, koje Crkva posreduje odrješenjem, te novi život penitenta koji iza njega slijedi, upućuje na korelaciju procesa obraćenja i samog sakramenta.One of the fundamental experiences of a person as a beloved creature of God is the experience of his sinfulness, which is reflected in concrete existence. On the one hand, God doesn't cease to draw man to himself by trying to encounter him, while on the other hand, this same man, aware of his limitations, impermanence and fragility, faces the fight against sin. The need for permanent renewal and constant turning to God affirms the fact that conversion is not a one-time event, but a permanent disposition of one who strives throughout his life to respond to the call to holiness. Conversion reaches its peak within the dynamics of the sacrament of reconciliation: forgiveness from God, which the Church mediates through absolution, and the new life of the penitent that follows it, points to the correlation of the process of conversion and the sacrament itself

    Rationale divinorum officiorum by William Durand (1230 – 1296) as an example of the pretreatise Medieval Ecclesiology

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    Autor u radu istražuje predtraktatsku ekleziologiju zapisanu u liturgijskom izlaganju Vilima Duranda (1230. – 1296.) Rationale divinorum officiorum. Riječ je o istraživanju ekleziologije i načinu prenošenja svijesti o Crkvi prije pojave zaokruženih traktata o Crkvi (de Ecclesia), a koji su se počeli sastavljati nakon objave bule Unam sanctam (18. studenoga 1302.) pape Bonifacija VIII. Rad je podijeljen u tri poglavlja. U prvom poglavlju istraživani srednjovjekovni autor i djelo smještaju se u širi kontekst teološke misli i reformskih pokušaja razvijenog srednjeg vijeka (1000. – 1300.). Drugo poglavlje sadrži prikaz istraživačkog materijala, a riječ je o deskripciji eklezioloških elemenata pronađenih u liturgijskom izlaganju Vilima Duranda. Treće poglavlje donosi teološku analizu prethodno prikazanih eklezioloških elemenata. U istraživanju eklezioloških elemenata pronađenih u Rationale divinorum officiorum korištena je metoda analize, deskriptivna metoda i metoda sinteze. Glavni je cilj rada predstaviti Rationale divinorum officiorum Vilima Duranda kao predtraktatski put prenošenja ekleziološke misli. Cilj je ujedno predstaviti ovog srednjovjekovnog autora i njegov liturgijski traktat, budući da na hrvatskom govornom području do sada nije započeto nijedno istraživanje liturgijske ekspozitorske literature. Znanstveni doprinos ovog rada jasnije je poznavanje povijesno-teoloških gibanja na prijelazu iz 13. u 14. stoljeće.This research presents the medieval liturgical exposition of William Durand (1230-1296) Rationale divinorum officiorum as an example of pre-treatise ecclesiology. Medieval authors compiled the first complete theological treatises on the Church (de Ecclesia) after the publication of the bull Unam sanctam (11/18/1302) by Pope Boniface VIII. This bull comes at the end of a historical period that transmits the thoughts about the Church within various theological and liturgical texts. One of the goals of this work is to present theological movements at the turn of the 13th to the 14th century, emphasizing ecclesiological awareness. Before the appearance of the bull mentioned above by Pope Boniface VIII. various liturgical commentaries were prominent in conveying awareness of the Church, among other texts that convey ecclesiological awareness. Therefore, this dissertation presents the ecclesiological elements written within Durand's liturgical exposition. This dissertation has three more extensive chapters, the third of which is central. The first chapter briefly overviews the most essential theological emphases of the developed Middle Ages (1000-1300). With this chapter, the author places the researched source in the broader context of medieval theology, as well as the reform attempts of the Church in the developed Middle Ages. This chapter provides an overview of the state of research in Durand's liturgical exposit, the Croatian nomenclature for the researched type of medieval theological writing, and the research methodology and theses. In the second chapter, the author meticulously presents the research material. The entire Rationale divinorum officiorum was carefully extracted using research questions, each asked with an ecclesiological key. The research material, consisting of the Prologue and the entire First and Second books of Durand's liturgical exposition, was selected for its relevance and depth. Fragments from the Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Books were also included, while the last two books were omitted due to the extensiveness of Durand's liturgical exposition and the specific topics he addresses in those parts of the treatise. The third chapter contains the theological analysis of the research material presented in the previous chapter. In Durand's liturgical exposition, the author first presents the New Testament and patristic awareness of the Church to recognize the elements of the New Testament and patristic ecclesiology. After a theological analysis of the elements of the New Testament and patristic ecclesiology transmitted within the Rationale divinorum officiorum, the author researched the influence of the reform attempts of the 13th-century Church on Durand's text. In the research of the ecclesiological elements found in the Rationale divinorum officiorum, the author uses analysis, description, and synthesis methods. This dissertation aims to present William Durand's Rationale divinorum officiorum as a pre-treatise way of transmitting ecclesiological thought in medieval times. The goal is also to present this medieval author and his liturgical treatise since research on liturgical expository literature has not started in the Croatian-speaking area. The scientific contribution of this dissertation is a more evident knowledge of the historical and theological movements at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. This research showed that Durand's liturgical exposition is an example of historical, allegorical, tropological, and anagogic exegesis of biblical texts. Interpreting the elements of worship, Durand brings into his work ecclesiological elements that range from the foundation and essence of the Church to the authority of individual church service, that is, the rights and obligations of individual members of the Church. Apart from the Prologue and the First Book of Durand's liturgical exposition, the rest represents a specific example of pre-treatise ecclesiological awareness. Durand incorporates ecclesiological elements into the Rationale divinorum officiorum using canon law sources to compile his text. Thus, he is not an original author. However, with the help of canon law texts, he realizes spiritual-liturgical ecclesiology, in contrast to later canonical-legal ecclesiology. Durand transferred the biblical and patristic understanding of the Church to medieval thought in his efforts to reform the Church. The way to reform the Church, according to the ideal of the early Church (ecclesia primitiva), Durand seeks to explain everything that the clergy and laity do within the church building and that they live as a community of believers

    Franjo Lučić, Elegy for organ - approach to the work and problems of interpretation

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    Elegija za orgulje, Franje pl. Lučića, predmet je analize ovog završnog rada. Vrlo je vrijedno djelo hrvatske glazbene baštine i zahtjevno za izvođenje, što mogu potvrditi i iz osobnog iskustva. Pripremala sam Elegiju za javni koncert studenata Instituta za crkvenu glazbu Katoličkoga bogoslovnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu na Akademiji za glasbo u Ljubljani (Slovenija). Značenje je Elegije u tome što je obrađena za orkestar i kao orkestralna kompozicija doživjela je velik uspjeh kod publike. Rad se može podijeliti na tri veće cjeline: biografija i stvaralaštvo Franje pl. Lučića, orgulje zagrebačke katedrale kao inspiracija za Elegiju te analiza i interpretacija Elegije. Ova skladba dojmila me se svojom ljepotom i potaknula da se detaljnije upoznam s djelovanjem i kompozicijama Franje Lučića. Vježbajući ovo djelo suočila sam se s određenim tehničkim poteškoćama koje sadrži kompozicija te sam naučila na koji se način mogu svladati. Elegija je potaknula moju kreativnost u stvaranju vlastite interpretacije ovog sadržajem bogatog glazbenog djela, a svaki nastup na novom instrumentu zahtijevao je inovativnost registracije. Elegiji ću se sigurno vraćati i rado ga izvoditi na nastupima.The subject of the analysis of this final work is Elegy for organ by Frano Lučić. It is a very valuable peace of Croatian musical heritage and demanding to perform, which I can confirm from personal experience. I prepared an Elegy for a public concert by students of the Institute for church music of the Catholic theological Faculty of the University of Zagreb at the Academy of music in Ljubljana (Slovenia). The significance of Elegy lies in the fact that it was arranged for an orchestra and experienced great success with the audience as an orchestral composition. The work can be devided into three larger units: the biography and creativity of Franjo pl. Lučić, the organ of the Zagreb Cathedral as an inspiration for the Elegy and the analysis and interpretation of the Elegy.This composition impresssed me with its beauty and encouraged me to learn more about work and compositions of Franjo Lučić. Practicing this work, I faced certain technical difficulties that comprise the composition and I learned how to overcome them. The Elegy stimulated my creativity in creating my own interpretation of this content of a rich peace of music, and each performance on a new instrument, required innovative registration. I will definitly return to the Elegy and happily perform it at performances

    Comparative characteristics of the Virgin icon in the East and Mary's sacred images in the West

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    Rad na samom početku daje uvid u trinaest tipova ikona Bogorodice na istoku. Tip ikone Kyriotissa prikazuje Bogorodicu kao Prijestolje Mudrosti. Bogorodica Nikopoia je zaštitnica prikazana u carskom ruhu. Tip Orans prikazuje Bogorodicu u molitvenom stavu. Bogorodica Platytera u svojoj utrobi nosi Isusa kojega ni cijela nebesa ne mogu obuhvatiti. Tip ikone Hodegitria prikazuje Bogorodicu koja pokazuje na Isusa koji je put k spasenju. Tipovi Eleusa ili Glykophilousa je nježni tip u kojem je važna interakcija Bogorodice i Djeteta Isusa. Bogorodica Episkepsis poznata je po svojem plaštu s kojim pokriva i zaštićuje ljude. Ikona Brephocratousa je u službi objave Trojstva. Bogorodica Galaktotrophousa doji Dijete Krista. Tip ikone Trenodouse prikazuje žalosnu Bogorodicu. Još jedan nježni i majčinski tip je Bogorodica Prekrasna. Bogorodica Hagiasotorissa je u ulozi zagovornice i moliteljice. Posljednji navedeni tip ikone Bogorodice je Deisis u čijoj kompoziciji se uz Mariju nalazi Ivan Krstitelj te oni zajedno mole i zagovaraju za narod. Nadalje, u drugom poglavlju prikazano je jedanaest tipova slika Marije na zapadu. Zapadni tip Galaktotrophousa koja doji Krista. Zatim, Bogorodica od sedam žalosti sa sedam mačeva zabodenih u srcu. Tip slike Blažene Djevice Marije Majke boli koja je podno križa zagledana u raspetoga. Bogorodica sućutna koja u rukama drži mrtvoga Krista. Zapadni tip Bogorodice Trenodouse sa raspelom u rukama. Bogorodica Zaštitnica poznata po svojem plaštu. Tip slike Ruža otajstvena na kojoj Marija i Isus sjede u cvjetnom vrtu. Bogorodica s klasjem koja je simbol djevičanskoga materinstva. Bogorodica od svetog ružarija koja prosljeđuje krunicu svetcima. Na kraju su prikazana dva tipa nastala zbog pobožnosti prilikom ukazanja, a riječ je o Gospi Fatimskoj i Gospi Lurdskoj. Slike i ikone Bogorodice imaju veliku važnost za duhovnost i život vjernika. Ikone se na istoku prikazuju po već ustaljenim modelima tj. kanonima jer se tako zadržava istinitost i razumijevanje. Kod slika na zapadu ipak ima odstupanja i dozvoljava se unos emocija i doživljaja od strane autora. Radi razumijevanja konteksta slika koriste se razni ikonografski simboli. Nastanak ikona i slika je pod utjecajem raznih teoloških promišljanja crkve tijekom stoljeća. Unatoč razlikama, postoje brojni aspekti preko kojih bi ikone istoka i slike zapada bile dobar temelj za ekumenski dijalog.The paper at the very beginning gives an insight into thirteen types of icons of the Mother of God in the East. The Kyriotiss icon type depicts the Virgin as the Throne of Wisdom. The Mother of God Nikopoia is the patron saint depicted in imperial garb. The Orans type shows the Virgin in a prayer position. The Virgin of Platytera carries Jesus in her womb, whom not even the whole heavens can encompass. The Hodegitria icon type shows the Virgin Mary pointing to Jesus, who is the way to salvation. The Eleus or Glykophilous type is gentle type in which the interaction of the Mother of God and the Child Jesus is important. The Virgin Episkepsis is known for her mantle with which she covers and protects people. The icon of Brephocratous is at the service of revealing the Trinity. The Virgin Galaktotrophousa is nursing the Christ Child. The Trenodouse icon type depicts the mournful Virgin. Another gentle and motherly type is the Beautiful Virgin. The Virgin Hagiasotorissa is in the role of intercessor and supplicant. The last mentioned type of icon of the Virgin is Deisis, in which John the Baptist is next to Mary and together they pray and intercede for the people. Furthermore, in the second chapter, eleven types of images of Mary in the west are presented. Western type of Galactotrophous nursing Christ. The Virgin of seven sorrows with seven swords stuck in her heart. The type of image of the Mother of Sorrows, who is looking at the Crucified One at the foot of the cross. The compassionate Virgin holding the dead Christ in her hands. Western type of the Virgin of Trenodous with a crucifix in her hands. The Mother of God, the Protector, known for her mantle. Type of painting The mysterious rose, in which Mary and Jesus are sitting in a flower garden. The Virgin with an ear of wheat, which is a symbol of virgin motherhood. The Virgin of the Holy Rosary passing the rosary to the saints. At the end, two types are shown that were created due to devotion during the apparitions, and we are talking about Our Lady of Fatima and Our Lady of Lourdes. Images and icons of the Mother of God are of great importance for the spirituality and life of believers. In the East, icons are shown according to already established models, i.e. canons, because this way truth and understanding are preserved. In the case of Western paintings, there are still deviations and the input of emotions and experiences by the author is allowed. But in order to understand the context of the images, various iconographic symbols are used. The creation of icons and pictures is influenced by various theological reflections of the church over the centuries. Despite the differences, there are many aspects through which the icons of the East and the images of the West would be a good basis for ecumenical dialogue

    Protestantism and the Croatian Printing House in Urach

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    Protestantizam, vjerski pokret koji je proizašao iz reformacije u 16. stoljeću, ostavio je trag na razvoj društva, kulture i politike. Jedan od ključnih elemenata koji je oblikovao protestantizam u Hrvatskoj bio je razvoj tiskarstva u gradu Urachu. Tijekom 16. stoljeća, tiskarstvo je postalo instrument širenja ideja i vjerskih tekstova. Upravo je tiskarstvo omogućilo da se protestantske ideje, koje su se suprotstavljale dotadašnjim crkvenim doktrinama, brže šire i postanu pristupačne širem krugu. Hrvatska, kao dio Habsburške Monarhije koja je obuhvaćala i područje današnje Austrije, Njemačke i Švicarske, nije bila pošteđena vala reformacija. Grad Urach, smješten u današnjoj Njemačkoj, postao je jedno od središta protestantskog tiskarstva. Uraška tiskara služila je kao ključno središte za tiskanje protestantskih knjiga, Biblija i drugih religijskih tekstova na hrvatskom jeziku. Tiskara u Urachu imala je izuzetan utjecaj na širenje protestantizma u Hrvatskoj i susjednim zemljama.Protestantism, as a religious movement stemming from the Reformation in the 16th century, has deep roots in European history and has left an indelible mark on the development of society, culture, and politics. Croatia, as a country with a rich history and cultural heritage, was not exempt from this influence. One of the key elements that shaped Protestantism in Croatia was the development of printing in the town of Urach. During the 16th century, printing became a crucial instrument for disseminating ideas and religious texts. It was through printing that Protestant ideas, which challenged established church doctrines, quickly spread and became accessible to a wider audience. Croatia, as part of the Habsburg Monarchy, which encompassed present-day Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, was not spared from this wave of Reformation. The town of Urach, located in present-day Germany, became one of the major centers of Protestant printing during that period. The press served as a key hub for printing Protestant books, Bibles, and other religious texts in the Croatian language. The Croatian press in Urach had a significant impact on the spread of Protestantism in Croatia and neighboring countries

    Isus Krist – put, istina i život : o teologiji poziva

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    U ljudskom umu svaka nova stvar izaziva određeni interes, tim više ako se to događa sa stvarima koje su dio samog ljudskog iskustva. U tom slučaju, možemo govoriti o postojanju, življenju, radu ili općenitome početku spomenutih stvarnosti koje su u fokusu ljudskog iskustva. Jedinstven i specifičan trenutak u životu osobe, gdje se ističe naglasak na autentičnost iskustva zove se poziv ili zvanje, što je ujedno i glavna tema koja nas je potaknula na pisanje ovoga djela. Čovjek je rođen da bude pozvan, da bude ubačen u stvarnost kroz koju i u kojoj će provoditi najveći dio svog postojanja. Nije jednostavno objasniti kako dolazi do ovog procesa i kako se on odvija zato što poziv i/ili zvanje podrazumijevaju i uključuju različite poteškoće. Kroz povijest, čovjek je bio pozivan na različite načine i na različitim mjestima, što je potaknulo različite discipline i znanosti da se bave ili pokušaju objasniti kako je do tog procesa došlo. I to je upravo prvi dio našeg rada. Pokušali smo objasniti proces poziva sa stajališta nekih humanističkih znanosti, kao što su psihologija, filozofska antropologija i teologija. Smještajući čovjeka kao najvažniji Božji čin, u nastavku smo objasnili fenomen poziva na svetopisamskim temeljima, posebno se osvrćući na Ivanova i Pavlova izvješća o pozivu. Uz tumačenje pitanja o pozivu koji se postavlja pred čovjeka u spomenutom novozavjetnom ambijentu željeli smo istaknuti dvije teme, a to su poziv kroz nečije posredovanje (medijaciju) i poziv kao epifanijski događaj ili Božje očitovanje. Uz fenomenološku i jezičnu pretpostavku o značenju pojma medijacije, istražujući smo došli do još neotkrivenoga jezika Svetog pisma koji je postao temeljnom točkom ovoga djela. Medijacija je poput kanala kojim jedna osoba dolazi do druge i na neki način ju poziva, mijenja njezino životno iskustvo. Međutim, u biblijskome smislu, posebna razina i prikaz apsolutne promjene ljudskoga iskustva doveli su nas do apostola Pavla. Slijedeći biblijsko-egzegetski smjer koji nudi svjedočanstvo o Pavlovom »pozivu«, otkrili smo pojam epifanije ili Bogo-očitovanja. Kako je došlo do osobnog susreta ovog velikog apostola s Bogom, postala je druga bitna točka našeg rada. Pokušavajući uspostaviti vezu između ovih dviju tema i načina pozivanja u skladu s novozavjetnom tradicijom, odlučili smo zaključiti s nekim prijedlozima koje je iznio Drugi vatikanski sabor

    The Sacrament of Reconciliation in some bioethical issues

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    Cilj napisanoga i potkrijepljenoga dokumentima Učiteljstva jest promotriti sakrament pomirenja u nekim bioetičkim pitanjima analizirajući otajstvo grijeha i čovjekovu sklonost grijehu te njegovo izvorište i stupnjevitu manifestaciju koja napreduje od bezazlenosti ka ozbiljno teškim stanjima. Stavljajući se u kontekst današnjega vremena prepoznajemo važnim zaključiti kako je čovjek današnjice posebno kušan, posebno krhak i nadasve osjetljiv u područjima spolnosti, a ona se proteže kroz vrijeme djetinjstva, mladenaštva, zaručništva i braka. Čitav čovjekov život obilježen je tjelesnošću i spolnošću; stoga je veliki propust o tome ne govoriti. U tim stvarnostima se očituje sve blještavilo zla i grijeha. Ponirući u dubine čovjeka otkrivamo sustave prijevare koji, unatoč sličnim obrascima, uvijek iznova uspijevaju prevariti čovjeka. Konstatirajući kako se nalazimo pod trajnim napadima na tjelesnost i spolnost čovjeka te kako su kušnje neizbježne, ne zaustavljamo se na dijagnosticiranju poteškoća i strašnih čovjekovih čina već se okrećemo Gospodinu, onome koji nam je tijelo dao na dar, koji je ušao u našu stvarnost otvarajući nam perspektivu novosti, novoga pogleda. Svjetla perspektiva na poseban način se konkretizira u oprostu, u pružanju novih prilika i obnovi odnosa. Tako će naša svjetlost i nada dolaziti od onoga koji je Svjetlost, od onoga koji je sam Nada, koji uvijek iznova daje priliku da prepoznamo istinu o sebi, sa njome se suočimo, priznamo se slabima i grešnima te zavapimo za oproštenje. Naš pogled uvijek je upravljen prema Bogu liječniku koji otkriva naše manjkavosti, ali za njih daje i rješenja.The goal of this paper (written and annotated with the documents of the Magisterium) is to consider the sacrament of reconciliation in some bioethical issues. To reach that goal we will analyse the mystery of sin and the human inclination towards sin and its fount and gradual manifestation that evolves from harmlessness to seriously grave conditions. Placing ourselves in the context of our times, we consider the fact that the man of today is seriously tempted, particularly fragile, and above all, sensitive in the domains of sexuality, which span from the age of childhood to adolescence, betrothal, and matrimony o be of substantial importance. Man's entire life is marked by corporeality and sexuality; thus, it is a grave omission not to speak about it because in those realities the entire splendour of sin and evil is manifested. Diving into the depths of man, we find systems of deceit that, in spite of the repeating patterns, manage to trick him ever anew. Stating that we find ourselves under incessant attacks on man's corporeality and sexuality and that temptations are inescapable, we do not hold ourselves to simply diagnosing the difficulties and man's horrid actions, but we turn ourselves to the Lord, to the one who bestowed our bodies as a gift, who entered our reality, opening to us the perspective of newness and the restoration of relations. In such a way, our light and hope will come from the one who himself is Light, from the one who himself is Hope, who ever anew gives us the opportunity to recognise the truth about ourselves, to confront us with it, to recognise ourselves as weak and sinful, and to cry out for forgiveness. Our gaze is permanently oriented towards God the physician, who reveals our deficiencies but, likewise, gives us solutions for the same

    The person of prophet Jeremiah

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    Osnovni cilj ovoga rada je opisati osobu proroka Jeremije. Sam rad je podijeljen na dva dijela. U prvom dijelu se opisuje povijesni kontekst Jeremijina života kroz vladavine kraljeva iz vremena njegova života, konkretno, kraljeva Judeje. U drugom dijelu ovoga rada opisana je osoba proroka Jeremije. Jeremija je kao prorok komunicirao sa kraljevima svoga vremena. S vremenom postaje sve aktivniji te nailazi na otpor. Jeremijina od blagog čovjeka postaje stup željezni.The main goal of this paper is to describe the person of prophet Jeremiah. The paper itself is divided into two parts. In the first part, the historical context of Jeremiah's life is described through the reigns of kings during his lifetime, specifically, kings of Judeah. In the second part of this paper the person of prophet Jeremiah is described. Jeremiah as a prophet had communicated with the kings of his lifetime. With time he becomes more active and encounters resistance. From a mild man, Jermiah becomes an iron pillar

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