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Review on Optimised Configuration of Hybrid Solar-PV Diesel System for Off-Grid Rural Electrification.
No full textAt present, solar energy is perceived to be one of the world’s contributive energy sources. Holding characteristics such as inexhaustible and non-polluting, making it as the most prominent among renewable energy (RE) sources. The application of the solar energy has been well-developed and used for electricity generation through Photovoltaic (PV) as the harvesting medium. PV cells convert heat from the sun directly into the electricity to power up the electric loads. Solar PV system is commonly built in a rural area where it cannot be powered up by the utility grid due to location constrains. In order to avoid the electricity fluctuation because of unsteady amount of solar radiation, PV solar hybrid is the efficient solution for rural electrifications. This paper presents a review on optimised Hybrid Solar-PV Diesel system configurations installed and used to power up off grid settlements at various locations worldwide
Knowledge-attitudes-practices about malaria among communities: perception of malaria and its association with protective practices in southern Benin.
No full textMalaria still remains the main public health problem in Benin. We explored the determinants that influenced malaria treatment as well as protective behaviours, to provide the knowledge framework needed for development of alternatives strategies for malaria control. A cross-sectional survey of the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) was conducted at Hozin, Vakon and Agblangandan districts in southern region of Benin. Descriptive statistics were computed and mixed logistic regression helped evaluating the relationship between frequency of each category of severity of malaria and sex group, educational level, treatment, means of self protection against mosquitoes and identification of the cause of malaria. A significant proportion 750(81.3%) (p < 0.001) of participants stated that malaria was caused by mosquitoes. The respondents who mentioned sun as the cause of malaria, have trivialized more malaria in a proportion of about 59.30% (OR = 2.67 [95% CI 1.61-4.44]) followed by those who have reported the cause of body weakness (43.68%) (OR = 2.97 [95% CI 1.68-5.28]). Poor knowledge justifies the trivialization of the disease and poor management of malaria control means. National Malaria Control Programs should improve access to education, especially for women and could help improving prevention and control behaviours against malaria in communities
Edge Dissimilarity Reduced-Reference Quality Metric with Low Overhead Bitrate
No full textIn multimedia transmission, it is important to rely on an objective quality metric which accurately represents the subjective quality of processed images and video sequences. Reduced-reference metrics make use of side-information that is transmitted to the receiver for estimating the quality of the received sequence with low complexity. In this paper, an Edge-based Dissimilarity Reduced-Reference video quality metric with low overhead bitrate is proposed. The metric is evaluated by finding the dissimilarity between the edge information of original and distorted sequences. The edge degradation can be detected in this manner as perceived video quality is highly associated with edge structural. Due to the high overhead using the Soergel distance, it is pertinent to find a way to reduce the overhead while maintaining the edge information that can convey the quality measure of the sequences. The effects of different edge detection operator, video resolution and file compressor are investigated. The aim of this paper is to significantly reduce the bitrate required in order to transmit the side information overhead as the reduced reference video quality metric. From the results obtained, the side information extracted using Sobel edge detector maintained consistency throughout the reduction of spatial and temporal down-sample
Controlling Pornography Over The Web
No full textThis investigation analyzed the degree to which youngsters are protected on the web with an emphasis on web erotica. The goals of this investigation incorporate (a) to find out the degree to which kids peer connections impact their web get to; (b) to decide the effect of sex on understudy utilization of web for long range informal communication; (c) to test whether sex have huge impact on understudy utilization of web for texting; (d) to test whether sex affect on understudy utilization of web for Email; (e) to decide the commitment of sex understudy utilization of web for video posting/seeing; (f) to test whether sex have huge commitment on understudy utilization of web for their homework; and (g) to discover the degree of youngsters open to erotica on the web. Essential wellspring of information gathering was utilized in this investigation and the factual devices utilized for information examination incorporate the Chi-square test measurement, Bar outline, Pie diagram and rate circulation. The outcome got was that greater part of kids don't approach web through associate connections which suggests that the degree to which youngsters peer connections impact their web get to is low. It was uncovered that understudies utilize the web for long range interpersonal communication, video posting/review, and Emailing yet don't utilize it for texting and in getting their work done. It was discovered that dominant part of the kids are not presented to online erotica, in opposite it ought to be noticed that the couple of kids who utilize the web for these exercises are at danger of being presented to obscenity on the web
Robust Vision-based Multiple Moving Object Detection and Tracking from Video Sequences
No full textDetection of Moving Objects and Tracking is one of the most concerned issue and is being vastly used at home, business and modern applications. It is used to identify and track of an entity in a significant way. This paper illustrates the way to detect multiple objects using background subtraction methods and extract each object features by using Speed-Up Robust Feature algorithm and track the features through k-Nearest Neighbor processing from different surveillance videos sequentially. In the detection of object of each frame, pixel difference is calculated with respect to the reference background frame for the detection of an object which is only suitable for any ideal static condition with the consideration of lights from the environment. Thus, this method will detect the complete object and the extracted feature will be carried out for the tracking of the object in the multiple videos by one by one video. It is expected that this proposed method can commendably abolish the impact of the changing of light
Impact of Packet Inter-Arrival Time Features for Online Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Classification
No full textIdentification of bandwidth-heavy Internet traffic is important for network administrators to throttle high-bandwidth application traffic. Flow features based classification have been previously proposed as promising method to identify Internet traffic based on packet statistical features. The selection of statistical features plays an important role for accurate and timely classification. In this work, we investigate the impact of packet inter-arrival time feature for online P2P classification in terms of accuracy, Kappa statistic and time. Simulations were conducted using available traces from University of Brescia, University of Aalborg and University of Cambridge. Experimental results show that the inclusion of inter-arrival time (IAT) as an online feature increases simulation time and decreases classification accuracy and Kappa statistic
A Passive Islanding Detection method for Neutral point clamped Multilevel Inverter based Distributed Generation using Rate of Change of Frequency Analysis
No full textPresently renewable energies have taken a special place in the world and most of the Distributed Generations (DGs) used in the interconnected power system are utilized, renewable energy resources. Due to the DG’s advantages, including use of renewable energy such as, clean nature, does not pollute environment and having endless nature the use of these renewable resources to produce electrical energy in the world are increasing in day to day life. One problem with such Distributed generators is an unintentional islanding phenomenon. Islanding occurs when a Distributed Generation continues to energize an isolated part of a power system even after it was disconnected from the main grid, which is surrounded by unpowered lines. Since islanding can cause hazardous conditions for people and equipment which is connected to it. As per IEEE 1547 DG Interconnection standards, islanding should be quickly detected within 2 seconds, by protective relays and inverters that are part of the DG system. In this paper, a new passive method to identify islanding states has been proposed, based on the rate of change of frequency analysis (ROCOF) for a multilevel inverter based solar distributed generation systems. This method is efficient for both connecting DGs to the network with or without the Inverter. This method is more efficient than the existing methods and reducing the Non Detection Zone (NDZ), which is the disadvantage of existing passive methods and also clearly differentiating between the Islanding and Non-islanding events. The simulation results, which are carried on the MATLAB / Simulink environment shows the performance of the proposed method
Parallelization of Pairwise Alignment and Neighbor-Joining Algorithm in Progressive Multiple Sequence Alignment
No full textProgressive multiple sequence alignment ClustalW is a widely used heuristic method for computing multiple sequence alignment (MSA). It has three stages: distance matrix computation using pairwise alignment, guide tree reconstruction using neighbor-joining and progressive alignment. To accelerate computing for large data, the progressive MSA algorithm needs to be parallelized. This research aims to identify, decompose and implement the pairwise alignment and neighbor-joining in progressive MSA using message passing, shared memory and hybrid programming model in the computer cluster. The experimental results obtained shared memory programming model as the best scenario implementation with speed up up to 12 times
Internet of Things based Smart Environmental Monitoring for Mushroom Cultivation
No full textEnvironmental condition is a significant factor that needs to be controlled in mushroom production. Mushrooms are unable to grow if the temperature is higher than 33°C or lower than 25°C. Thus, this work focuses on developing an automatic environmental control system to provide optimum condition to mushroom production house. Environmental factors considered in the system are temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide. For this, DHT11 temperature humidity sensor and MQ135 CO2 sensor are connected to the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module to become IoT (Internet of Things) sensors that send big amount of data to the internet for monitoring and assessment. This enable users to monitor the environmental condition anywhere whenever accessing the internet. Based on the analysis of the data, the system will automatically on and off the irrigation system to put the temperature at an optimum level
Disparities in the Induced Rain Attenuation between Beacon (Narrowband) and Broadband Satellite Links in Tropical Zones
No full textThe utilisation of higher frequency bands above 10 GHz by the satellite industries to provide the bandwidth (BW) required for broadband multimedia services, video conferencing, direct-to-home TV programmes and IP data requires the understanding of atmospheric losses and good link planning for satellite-to-earth links. The trade-off between the service availability, data rate and BW determine the type of modulation scheme and error corrections to be employed. These services also depend on the link performance under adverse atmospheric conditions, especially rain-induced attenuation. In this research, study measurements were conducted on space-to-earth satellite links using the beacon narrowband and broadband IP carrier signals of a Nigcomsat-1R satellite operating at 42.5°E. A VSAT receiving terminal at a latitude of 7.4°N, longitude of 9.04°E and altitude of 334 m above sea level was utilised to quantify the rain-induced attenuation of both the beacon and broadband signals during rain events. The measurements were then compared with the link performance under clear sky conditions. The performance revealed that, when compared with the broadband signal, the induced rain attenuation on beacon signal presented a disparity in the responses, resulting in significant variations of 10.14 dB in the carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N) and 17.42 dB in the received signal level at a Ku-band frequency of 12.518 GHz. These observations were also compared with the Crane global rain map and ITU-R P.618-12. Both models disagreed with the measurement values for Abuja, Nigeria