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Bilberries in health and obesity - Wild nature fruits of blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) alter obesity associated transcriptomics and low-grade inflammation
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Differentiated reading literacy in first grade - differentiated instruction practices and teachers' views about differentiation
No full textChanges in the Factors Influencing Forest Floor Terpenoid Emissions During Post-Fire Forest Succession
No full textThe forest floor acts as a source of terpenoid emissions to the atmosphere. These emissions can further impact atmospheric particle formation and impact the atmospheric radiation balance. Climate change escalates wildfire frequency in boreal forests. Wildfires are major disturbances with long-term ecosystem impacts, particularly on the forest floor, significantly influencing terpenoid sources and emissions. This study quantified the post-fire terpenoid emissions from the forest floor and characterized micro-environmental conditions, including abiotic (e.g., air temperature, soil temperature, soil moisture, and light intensity) and biotic factors (ground vegetation characteristics, soil respiration (CO2 fluxes), and soil microbial biomass). We aimed to understand how abiotic and biotic factors affect terpenoid emissions during post-fire succession. Path models revealed direct impacts of ground vegetation on isoprene and monoterpene emissions, while sesquiterpene emissions were mainly regulated by various abiotic factors. Isoprene and monoterpene emissions were influenced by both direct and indirect abiotic factors, mediated through biotic factors like vegetation and soil processes. Effect sizes of the influencing factors varied across forest age classes. Due to the post-fire regrowth of ground vegetation, the impact of temperature on emissions was more pronounced in earlier burned areas than recently burned areas. The influence of soil moisture on terpenoid emissions diminished with forest age. Our findings emphasize the need to identify factors influencing forest floor terpenoid emissions across post-fire succession stages to understand and predict their emission patterns and subsequent impacts on climate
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain with thrombospondin motifs 18 (ADAMTS18) cleaves fibronectin and negatively regulates its fibrillogenesis
No full textRemodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in the development, maintenance, and repair of all tissues. Therefore, identifying the regulators of this process is essential. Among these, A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 18 (ADAMTS18) has been implicated in fibronectin (FN) matrix regulation. Knockout of ADAMTS18, either in mouse models or in vitro, was shown to lead to FN accumulation, mutation in epithelial branching, and reduction in endothelial sprouting. However, the mechanisms by which ADAMTS18 influences endothelial-specific functions and the ECM, particularly in the regulation of FN fibrils, remain unclear. In this study, using both siRNA-mediated knockdown and overexpression of ADAMTS18 in primary endothelial cells (ECs), we delineated some of these mechanisms. Using global RNA-Seq of ECs, we demonstrated differential gene regulation of vessel development and endothelial adhesion genes with ADAMTS18 siRNA knockdown, whereas cell matrix– and cell cycle–associated genes were affected by overexpression of ADAMTS18. Consistent with the latter, we observed reduced EC proliferation and altered cell cycle with ADAMTS18 overexpression. Using mass spectrometry, we identified two sites in FN that are proteolytically cleaved by ADAMTS18, including a cleavage site in the linker FN-I5-6. Cleavage at this site generated FN molecules lacking the N-terminal FN-I1–5 (29 kDa) fragment that is known to be essential for FN fibrillogenesis. Accordingly, ADAMTS18 overexpression greatly impaired FN fibrillogenesis in endothelial cultures and in coculture with fibroblasts. Our results implicate ADAMTS18 in FN-associated ECM remodeling and suggest an important role for ADAMTS18 in endothelium biology
Computational Design of Carbene–Metal–Amide Complexes : Structure–Property Relationships for Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in OLED Applications
No full textMitä näyttöä ravitsemushoidosta on masennuspotilailla?
No full text• Välimeren ruokavalio on yhteydessä pienempään masennusriskiin.
• Interventiotutkimuksissa ravitsemusohjaus on lievittänyt masennustilaa ja parantanut ruokavalion laatua.
• Ruokavalio voi vaikuttaa masennukseen biologisten mekanismien kautta.
• Masennus voi puolestaan muuttaa syömiskäyttäytymistä ja heikentää ruokavalion laatua
Elderly Family Caregivers’ Experiences of a Written Model for Self-Assessment and Guidance in Supporting Oral Health
No full textThe Role of Artificial Intelligence in Leadership in the Financial Sector - Experiences of Supervisors and Managers
No full textContrasting methanotrophic communities between upland and polygonal tundra and their link to nitrogen metabolism and methane uptake in the Western Canadian Arctic
No full textAtmospheric methane (CH4) uptake by arctic soils is widespread in dry tundra ecosystems. However, the environmental controls regulating CH4 uptake are poorly understood, particularly such as soil nutrient availability or microbial community composition. Here, we analyzed the relative abundance and community structure of functional gene markers associated with CH4 and mineral nitrogen (N) cycling in two contrasting tundra types in the Western Canadian Arctic using a targeted metagenomics approach. Microbial data were compared to soil properties, macro- and micronutrient concentrations, and CH4 fluxes during an entire growing season (May–August). We find that soil pH was the most important control on gene distribution between the studied microsites. Methanotrophs associated with the upland soil cluster α (USCα) dominated in polygonal tundra (low pH), while USCγ dominated in upland tundra (high pH). Methane uptake rates ranged from −15 to −27 μg CH4–C m−2 h−1 (growing season mean) and increased with higher relative abundances of USCα and USCγ. Although CH4 uptake rates were similar between microsites, our microbial data indicate different mechanisms to cope with N limitation in these nutrient-limited tundra environments: upland tundra was characterized by genes involved in denitrification and N retention, while polygonal tundra contained genes associated with biological N fixation. Our study highlights the need for an integrated view on interactions between CH4 oxidation and N availability for methanotrophs in arctic tundra soils