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Epävakaan talous- ja työmarkkinatilanteen terveysvaikutukset
No full textKansallinen taloustilanne voi heijastua väestön terveyteen ja hyvinvointiin monin tavoin. Aiheen tutkimusaktiivisuus lisääntyi 1990-luvun laman aikana ja uudelleen vuoden 2007 finanssikriisin jälkeen. Taloudellisesta ahdingosta aiheutuvat stressi, työttömyys, irtisanomiset ja tukien väheneminen voivat rasittaa erityisesti mielenterveyttä. Osa kielteisistä terveysvaikutuksista aiheutuu myös terveydenhuollon toiminnan heikentymisestä julkisen sektorin resurssivajeen seurauksena. Koetut talouskriisit eivät toistaiseksi ole heijastuneet merkittävästi kuolleisuuteen Suomessa, ja ne näyttävät vain hetkeksi pysäyttäneen vuodesta 1990 alkaneen itsemurhalukujen pienenemisen. Työttömäksi joutuneiden lisäksi myös työhön jääneet voivat kärsiä työpaikoilla tapahtuvien henkilöstövähennysten terveys- ja hyvinvointivaikutuksista. Nämä liittyvät lisääntyneeseen työkuormitukseen, työilmapiirin ja luottamuksen vähenemiseen sekä erityisesti sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollossa eettisen kuormituksen lisääntymiseen
“You didn’t get hired, but you got humiliated!” Social representations of job search in Reddit discussions
No full textIndividual risk factors for dental caries and their consideration in orthodontic treatment planning
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Associations of screen time and physical activity with TMS-based measures of motor cortical excitability in adolescents
No full textAdolescence represents a crucial and sensitive period for brain neurobiological development. Screen time and physical activity may impact brain development, but evidence on their associations with cortical inhibition and excitability remains limited. We investigated cross-sectional associations of self-reported screen time and physical activity with cortical inhibition and excitability in adolescents. Altogether, 45 Finnish adolescents (20 males) aged 16–19 years underwent navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation examination. Corticospinal excitability and corticospinal and intracortical inhibition were measured using resting motor thresholds, long-interval intracortical inhibition, silent period duration, and silent period thresholds. Questionnaires were used to assess screen time (smart device time, computer time, time spent watching television and videos) and physical activity (organized sports in sports clubs, supervised exercise other than sports, unsupervised physical activity). Longer total screen time was associated with weaker corticospinal inhibition. Longer computer use was associated with stronger motor cortex excitability and stronger intracortical inhibition, whereas longer television and video viewing times were associated with weaker intracortical and corticospinal inhibition. Higher levels of organized sports were associated with stronger motor cortex excitability, whereas higher levels of unsupervised physical activity were associated with weaker corticospinal excitability and higher inhibitory thresholds. In conclusion, passive screen time was linked to weaker intracortical and corticospinal inhibition, whereas organized physical activity was associated with stronger motor cortex excitability. These findings highlight the differential associations of active and passive screen time as well as structured and unstructured physical activity with cortical excitability and inhibition, suggesting their distinct roles in neurodevelopment during adolescence
The stability of temperament and the relationship between temperament and the amount of digital device use
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