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Suomen yksityisten valtionapuarkistojen hankintapolitiikat arkistojen hiljaisuuksien näkökulmasta
No full textResponding to the Sustainable Development Goals in the United Nations System: Examining the Challenges of Sustainability Integration in an Intergovernmental Organization
No full text
Patient-specific effects of the mitochondrial DNA variant m.3243A>G in stem cell–derived models
No full textPancharatnam-Berry phase and angular momentum of self-evolving vector Bessel beams
No full textSelf-evolving vector Bessel beams exhibit a spatially varying polarization profile that gradually evolves as the beam field propagates. Such beams can also carry both spin and orbital angular momentum. We show that in our recently introduced metasurface platform it is possible to gain control over the entire range of possible values for both types of angular momentum by tuning the incident field polarization. We also propose a geometric phase related to the polarization changes due to the propagation of the output field. We find a hitherto unrecognized conservation of the sum of the normalized geometric phase and orbital and spin angular momentum for all incident polarization states
Näkemyksiä apteekkitoiminnan sääntelyn päämäärien toteutumisesta lääkehuollon kustannustehokkuuden parantamista koskevassa lakihankkeessa
No full textAnaesthetic efficacy of intraligamentary injection compared to incisive nerve block using 3% mepivacaine hydrochloride: a randomized clinical trial
No full textBackground
In dentistry, local anesthetic is frequently used to manage pain throughout several phases of dental treatments, including tooth extraction. The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two techniques for controlling pain during mandibular exodontia (tooth extraction), specifically focusing on the pain experienced during injection and extraction of mandibular anterior and premolars teeth. The two techniques being compared are the intraligamentary injection technique (ILI) and the incisive nerve block technique (INB).
Materials and methods
In this study, 100 mandibular anterior and premolars and teeth that were indicated for extraction were included. The effectiveness of the two local anaesthesia techniques, intraligamentary injection technique (ILI) and incisive nerve block (INB), were compared using Modified Dental Anxiety Scale for Dental Extraction Procedure (MDAS-DEP) and visual analogue scale (VAS) during the injection and extraction stages of the procedure.
Results
A total of 100 participants (42 females, 58 males) with a mean age of 50.97 ± 11.59 years took part in the study. The mean VAS score in the INB group was 6.14 after injection and 3.86 after extraction, while in the ILI group, it was 5.46 and 2.90, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups both after injection (p = 0.001) and extraction (p < 0.001), as well as within each group (Control: p < 0.001; Study: p < 0.001). For MDAS-DEP, the INB group had mean scores of 15.86 and 11.26 after injection and extraction, respectively, while the ILI group had scores of 15.68 and 10.94, showing a significant difference within each group after both injection (p < 0.001) and extraction (p = 0.001). However, no significant difference was found when comparing MDAS-DEP scores between the two groups from injection to extraction (p = 0.802).
Conclusion
The intraligamentary injection technique (ILI) appears less painful during injection and provides profound pain relief during extraction. The results suggest that ILI can be used as a sole anaesthetic technique during extraction of lower anterior and premolar teeth
Mikrobilääkeannokset aikuisten jaksoittaisessa ja jatkuvassa hemodialyysihoidossa
No full textLoppuvaiheen munuaissairautta ja vaikeaa äkillistä munuaisvauriota hoidetaan tarvittaessa munuaiskorvaushoidolla. Kehonulkoinen korvaushoito perustuu hemodialyysiin tai hemodiafiltraatioon. Dialyysiyksikössä annetaan aina jaksoittaista ja teho-osastolla useimmiten jatkuvaa korvaushoitoa. Korvaushoidot poistavat verenkierrosta kuona-aineiden ohella myös lääkeaineita, mikä vaikeuttaa oikean lääkeannoksen löytämistä. Lääkeannoksia määrättäessä on syytä tuntea, miten munuaissairaudet ja korvaushoidot vaikuttavat lääkeainealtistukseen. Annossuositusten perustana oleva altistustavoite voidaan asettaa lääkeaineen jäännöspitoisuuden tai pitoisuuskäyrän alla olevan pinta-alan perusteella. Näiden seikkojen perusteella ehdotamme aikuispotilaille kirjallisuuteen perustuvat annossuositukset bentsyylipenisilliinille, piperasilliinin ja tatsobaktaamin yhdistelmälle, kefuroksiimille, keftriaksonille, siprofloksasiinille ja vankomysiinille
