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How school generated funding reinforces a two-tier education system in Ontario
No full textThis thesis examines School Generated Funding (SGF) within the Toronto
District School (TDSB) to see if SGF is reinforcing a two-tier education system. Five
sources of data were analyzed: The SGF Record of the TDSB from 2008-2009, The
Preliminary School Budget from 2010-2011, EQAO test results from 2008 to 2009, The
Learning Opportunity Index (LOI) from 2009, and three socio-economic status factors
(income, education and occupation) using the Toronto Wards Profiles. Using the SGF
record, twenty green schools (schools that raised the most SGF, amounting to 109,885). Two recommendations have
been suggested: SGF be capped at a median amount throughout the TDSB
and
extra
funding be put into a funding account for the TDSB to disperse to schools that need it
The introduction of native forest floor plant species in to the industrially disturbed forests of Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
No full textThis study investigated the transplantation of understory plants within the Cu-Ni smelterdamaged
urban forest of Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, to increase plant biodiversity in an area
where natural colonization of understory species is delayed. The goal of my study was to
evaluate establishment of 16 m2 vegetation mats along a gradient of smelter disturbance and to
relate successful establishment to abiotic and biotic site characteristics. Specific investigations
were conducted to determine whether soil quality influenced root growth and transplant
establishment. Variables associated with smelter emissions and soil temperature were the best
predictors of successful transplant establishment of understory plant species, but relationships
were species specific. Also, root growth was not limited to organic soils of the transplant mat
and roots were able to grow into receptor site soil. Knowledge of environmental factors
influencing establishment will help to determine site locations and to select species to introduce
when transplanting understory species in future reclamation projects
