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The impact of cropping system on winter turnip rape yield and quality
No full textBakalaureusetöö
Põllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekavalViimaste aastate ebaõnnestunud talirapsi talvitumised on suunanud tootjad otsima väiksema riskitasemega kultuure, mis sobiksid külvikorras talirapsi asendama. Üheks võimalikuks alternatiiviks nähakse talirüpsi. Talirüpsi kasvatust käsitlevaid teadusuuringuid on seni tehtud vähe, mistõttu vajab selle kultuuri agronoomiline ja majanduslik potentsiaal täiendavat uurimist. Käesoleva bakalaureusetöö eesmärk oli teada saada erinevate viljelusviiside mõju talirüpsi saagikusele, seemnekvaliteedile ja tootmise majanduslikule tasuvusele Eesti tingimustes. Uurimistöö aluseks oli Eesti Maaülikooli pikaajaline põldkatse Tartu vallas, Eerikal, kus 2022/2023. aasta kasvuperioodil katsetati kolme maheviljelus- ja nelja tavaviljelusvarianti, erinevate kevadise lämmastikväetise kogustega (0–150 kg/ha). Tulemused näitasid, et suuremate lämmastikunormidega (N100 ja N150) variantide saagikused ei erinenud statistiliselt usaldusväärselt mõõduka väetustasemega (N50) variandi saagikusest, viidates lämmastikväetise efektiivsuse vähenemisele põuastes tingimustes. Seemnekvaliteedi analüüsist selgus, et suuremad lämmastikunormid tõstsid proteiinisisaldust ja vähendasid õlisisaldust. Mahevariantide seemnekvaliteedi näitajad osutusid stabiilsemateks võrreldes tavaviljelusega. Majandusanalüüs tõi esile, et ilma toetusteta olid kõik variandid kahjumlikud. Töö tulemused kinnitavad, et talirüps võib olla sobiv riskide hajutamise kultuur, ent optimaalne väetustase ja viljelusviis sõltuvad ilmastikust.The objective of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate the effect of different cropping methods on the yield, seed quality, and economic viability of winter turnip rape under Estonian conditions. The study was based on a long-term field experiment conducted at the Estonian University of Life Sciences in Eerika, where three organic and four conventional management treatments were compared during the 2022/2023 growing season. Spring nitrogen fertilizer rates ranged from 0 to 150 kg/ha in conventional treatments. Organic treatments included treatments with cattled manure and with winter cover crops and unfertilized control. The results showed that although the highest yields were obtained in treatments with higher nitrogen rates (N100 and N150), the difference compared to the moderate application rate (N50) was not statistically significant, suggesting reduced nitrogen efficiency under dry conditions. Seed quality analysis revealed that higher nitrogen rates increased protein content but reduced oil content. The quality parameters of the organic treatments were more stable than those of the conventional treatments. The economic analysis indicated that all treatments were unprofitable without subsidies. The findings suggest that winter turnip rape can be a suitable crop for risk mitigation, though optimal fertilization and cultivation methods depend on climatic conditions
The development of agricultural cooperatives under the influence of European Union subsidies
No full textBakalaureusetöö
Maamajandusliku ettevõtluse ja finantsjuhtimise õppekavalPõllumajandussektoril on oluline roll Euroopa Liidu ja Eesti majanduses. Eesti jagab ühise põllumajanduspoliitika väärtuseid ja põhimõtteid alates Euroopa Liiduga liitumisest 2004. aastal. Euroopa Liidu poliitika ning finantsabi kasutuselevõtt on mõjutanud Eesti põllumajandusühistute majanduslikku käekäiku ning mänginud olulist rolli nende arengus ja jätkusuutlikkuse tagamises. Ühistegevusel põhinevad organisatsioonid, sealhulgas põllumajandusühistud, loovad kogukondliku sidususe ning toetavad ja edendavad liikmete majanduslikke ja sotsiaalseid huve, tagades kollektiivse konkurentsieelise ühisturul. Bakalaureusetöö eesmärk on välja selgitada, kuidas on Euroopa Liidu ühise põllumajanduspoliitika toetused mõjutanud Eesti põllumajandusühistute arengut. Töö koostamisel kasutakse kvantitatiivset lähenemist, mis võimaldab ankeetküsitluse teel koondada Eesti põllumajandusühistute esindajate arvamust Euroopa Liidu finantsabi kasutuselevõtu mõjudest. Ankeetküsitluse käigus kogutud andmed analüüsitakse võrdleva analüüsi meetodiga ning selgitatakse välja Euroopa Liidu toetuste mõju Eesti põllumajandusühistutele.
Uuringu tulemustest selgub, et vastanud Eesti põllumajandusühistute arengus on Euroopa Liidu ühisel põllumajanduspoliitikal oluline roll, suurendades toetustega ühistute konkurentsivõimet ja säilenõtkust. Samas takistavad vastanud põllumajandusühistute tegevust ja arengut toetuste kasutamisega seotud bürokraatia ning piirangud. Lisaks mõjutavad nende tegevust struktuurilised ja majanduskeskkonnaga seotud tegurid – uute vastanud põllumajandusühistute arv on madal, enamik vastanud ühistuid on väikesed ning vähese liikmete juurdekasvuga. Siiski on põllumajandusühistutel jätkuvalt tähtis roll kohalike põllumajandustootjate huvide esindamisel, maapiirkondade arengu toetamisel ning toidujulgeoleku kindlustamisel.The agricultural sector plays an important role in the economy of both the European Union and Estonia. Since joining the European Union in 2004, Estonia has shared the values and principles of the Common Agricultural Policy. European Union policies and subsidies have influenced the economic functioning of Estonian agricultural cooperatives and have played a significant role in their development and the support of their sustainability. Organisations based on cooperative activity, including agricultural cooperatives, foster cohesion and support the economic and social interests of their members, ensuring a collective competitive advantage in the common market. The aim of this Bachelor’s thesis is to determine how the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy subsidies have influenced the development of agricultural cooperatives in Estonia. A quantitative research method is used in the preparation of the thesis. Through a questionnaire it is possible to gather the opinions of representatives of Estonian agricultural cooperatives regarding the impact of the European Union’s financial support. The data collected through the survey will be analyzed using comparative analysis method to identify the impact of European Union subsidies on Estonian agricultural cooperatives. The findings of the study indicate that the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy plays a significant role in the development of the surveyed Estonian agricultural cooperatives, enhancing their competitiveness and resilience through financial support. However, the activities and development of these cooperatives are impeded by bureaucratic obstacles and limitations related to the use of support measures. Additionally, their operations are influenced by structural and economic factors – the number on newly established agricultural cooperatives among respondents is low, most of studied cooperatives are small in size and show limited growth in their membership. Nevertheless, agrcultural cooperatives continue to play an important role in representing the interests of local agricultural producers, supporting rural development and ensuring food security
Impact of AS LHV Group's stock exchange information on stock price in the years 2019-2023
No full textBakalaureusetöö
Maamajandusliku ettevõtluse ja finantsjuhtimise õppekavalLHV Groupi börsiteadete mõju aktsiahinnale on aktuaalne teema seoses investorite infokäitumise ja finantsturgude efektiivsuse küsimustega. Probleemi seostatakse varasemate uurimustega, mis käsitlevad ettevõtete avalikustatava info mõju väärtpaberite hindadele. Töö eesmärk oli analüüsida LHV Groupi börsiteadete mõju aktsiahinnale aastatel 2019–2023. Analüüs oli statistiline võrdlus, kus kasutati igapäevaseid aktsiahindu ja ettevõtte börsiteateid, mida võrreldi tähtsamate avalikustamiste kuupäevadega.
Tulemused näitasid, et mitmed börsiteated, nagu näiteks majandusaasta aruanded ja dividendiettepanekud mõjutasid aktsiahinda positiivselt, kuid mõju ei olnud pikaaegne ega ulatuslik. Leiti, et aktsia hind reageeris mõningatel juhtudel kiiresti, mis viitab efektiivse turu teooria kehtivusele, kuid samal ajal ilmnes ka käitumuslikke tegureid, nagu investorite ootused ja tajuinfo mõju. Tulemusi saab rakendada investeerimisstrateegiate kujundamisel ning need pakuvad lähtekohta edasistele uuringutele Eesti väärtpaberituru infotöötluse teemal.The impact of LHV Group's stock exchange announcements on share prices is a relevant topic in the context of investor information behavior and questions of financial market efficiency. The issue is linked to previous studies that examine the effect of publicly disclosed company information on securities prices. The objective of the thesis was to analyze the impact of LHV Group's stock exchange announcements on its share price from 2019 to 2023. The analysis involved a statistical comparison using daily stock prices and the company's stock exchange announcements, which were matched against the dates of major disclosures.
The results indicated that several announcements, such as annual reports and dividend proposals, had a positive impact on the share price. However, this impact was neither long-lasting nor extensive. It was found that in some cases, the share price reacted quickly, indicating the relevance of the efficient market hypothesis, while at the same time, behavioral factors such as investor expectations and the influence of perceived information were also evident. The findings can be applied in the development of investment strategies and provide a basis for further research on information processing in the Estonian securities market
The necessity of investment management in small businesses
No full textMagistritöö
Majandusarvestuse ja finantsjuhtimise õppekavalMagistritöö käsitleb investeeringute juhtimise vajalikkust väike-ettevõtetes, arvestades nende rolli Eesti majanduses ja kasvavat toetuste kättesaadavust. Probleem seisneb selles, et kuigi investeeringute juhtimine on tavapärane suuremates ettevõtetes, ei pruugi väike-ettevõtted seda vajalikuks pidada piiratud ressursside tõttu. Varasemad uuringud on keskendunud suurematele või sektori- või riigipõhistele investeerimisprojektidele, kuid väike-ettevõtete spetsiifikat pole Eestis senini süvitsi uuritud. Käesolev töö täidab selle uurimislünga, andes ülevaate väike-ettevõtete investeerimisotsuste eripäradest ja juhtimispraktikatest. Magistritöö eesmärgiks oli anda hinnang investeeringute juhtimise vajalikkusest väike-ettevõtetes. Varasemad uuringud on olnud valdavalt kvalitatiivsed, mistõttu kasutati antud töös kvantitatiivset lähenemist, tuginedes 154 väike-ettevõtte seas läbi viidud ankeetküsitlusele. Uuringu tulemused näitavad, et väike-ettevõtted peavad investeeringuid oluliseks, kuid juhtimine toimub sageli paindlikult ja juhtumipõhiselt. Peamised investeerimisvaldkonnad on seadmed ja tehnoloogia, ning otsuseid mõjutavad majanduskeskkond ja kapitali kättesaadavus. Investeeringute hindamisel kasutatakse peamiselt tasuvusaja arvutust, rahavoogude analüüsi ja subjektiivset hinnangut. Piiratud ressursid ja teadlikkuse puudumine mõjutavad investeeringute juhtimise tõhusust. Kuigi investeeringuid peetakse tähtsaks, ei teadvustata alati nende juhtimise vajalikkust, sageli piiratud ressursside ja väikese tegevusmahu tõttu. Teadmiste vajadus on ebaühtlane, osa ettevõtteid soovib õppida juurde, samas kui paljud usaldavad oma kogemust. Edasisteks uurimissuundadeks soovitatakse analüüsida ettevõtjate väärtusi, riskitaluvust ja juhtimiskogemust ning valdkonnaspetsiifilisi investeerimispraktikaid, et paremini mõista strateegiliste otsuste kujunemist väike-ettevõtetes.This master’s thesis examines the necessity of investment management in small enterprises, considering their role in the Estonian economy and the increasing availability of fundings. The core issue lies in the fact that while investment management is typical in larger companies, small enterprises may not perceive it as essential due to limited resources. Previous research has primarily focused on larger enterprises or sector- and state-level investment projects, whereas the specific context of small enterprises in Estonia has not been thoroughly explored. This thesis addresses this research gap by providing insights into the distinctive features and practices of investment decision-making in small enterprises. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the necessity of investment management in small enterprises. As previous studies have mainly used qualitative methods, this research employed a quantitative approach, based on a survey conducted among 154 small enterprises. The results show that while small enterprises consider investments important, their management is often flexible and case-specific. The main areas of investment include equipment and technology, and decision-making is influenced by the economic environment and the availability of capital. The most commonly used evaluation methods are payback period calculation, cash flow analysis, and subjective assessment. Although investments are seen as important, their strategic management is not always acknowledged due to small scale and constrained resources. Knowledge needs vary—some companies seek to learn more, while others rely on their own experience. Future research could focus on the role of entrepreneurs’ values, risk tolerance, and management experience in shaping investment decisions, as well as on sector-specific investment practices to better understand how strategic decisions are made in small enterprises
Variable responses of Ficus carica genotypes to water deficit: antioxidant and membrane stability insights
No full textReceived: February 20th, 2025 ; Accepted: June 16th, 2025 ; Published: July 1st, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected] stress is a significant challenge to agricultural productivity, particularly for fig plants, which require robust adaptive mechanisms against water-limited environments. This study aims to assess the biochemical responses of six different fig genotypes to varying soil moisture conditions. The measures of electric conductivity (EC), antioxidant activity (AA), total flavonoid (TFC), total phenolic (TPC), tannins (TT), and total protein (TP) were used as markers of stress tolerance in water deficit (WD) and rehydration conditions. Results showed genotypespecific differences in AA and secondary metabolite production. TFC was associated with enhanced oxidative stress tolerance, particularly under WD conditions, as the Arista genotype showed a 40% increase at 7 days after irrigation suspension. TPC levels indicated a general increase in response to WD, with the Arista genotype exhibiting the most pronounced rise. Conversely, TT decreased by nearly 50% in the Ceballos genotype under field capacity (FC) conditions, likely due to dilution effects from increased growth rates. In addition, TP varied significantly among genotypes, with the San Antonio genotype showing a 25% increase under WD. These findings provide insights into physiological mechanisms underpinning fig plant adaptation to water stress, highlighting the potential of specific genotypes for cultivation in arid and semi-arid regions, offering a framework for selecting young drought-resistant fig varieties
Susceptibility of Japanese plum and pluot cultivars to Pseudomonas syringae
No full textReceived: April 3rd, 2025 ; Accepted: August 2nd, 2025 ; Published: August 8th, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected] susceptibility of seven cultivars of Japanese plum (Black Star, Gauota, Golden Japan, Crimson Glo, Ozark Premier, Santa Rosa, Vanier) and three cultivars of pluot (Black Gigant®, Dapple Supreme pluot®, Flavorich pluot®) to Pseudomonas syringae pathovars syringae and morsprunorum was evaluated under temperate European climate conditions over a three-year period. The evaluation was carried out in a netted house. The susceptibility of the plants to the causal agents of blossom and terminal shoot infection was calculated on five occasions during the year using a formula summarising all the symptoms that appeared on the plants after artificial inoculation. Most cultivars were classified in BS class 2 as low susceptible to both pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae. The Japanese cultivar Santa Rosa was the only cultivar classified in class 4, as highly susceptible to morsprunorum pathovar. After terminal shoot inoculation, 60% of the Japanese plum and pluot cultivars were classified as very low susceptible in class 1 and 40% as low susceptible in class 2 to both pathogens tested. Apart from Santa Rosa, the remaining Japanese plums and all plum cultivars showed remarkable vigour and recovery after repeated artificial infection with economically important Prunus plant pathogens
Climate impact on electric vehicle energy consumption in the Baltic Region
No full textReceived: April 14th, 2025 ; Accepted: May 27th, 2025 ; Published: June 22nd, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected] vehicles (EVs) have seen increased interest in recent years as a lower-emission alternative to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, with much of their growth driven by government subsidies and incentives across Europe. However, as these incentives have slowed, the EV market faces new challenges, particularly in the Baltic countries where the climate significantly impacts EV performance. Low temperatures, common in Baltic weather, can notably affect EVs’ range and energy efficiency, influencing operational costs and user satisfaction. Understanding how Baltic weather conditions, primarily temperature, influence the energy consumption of EVs is essential to gaining a deeper understanding of their efficiency in low temperatures and harsh weather conditions. The main aim of this study is to assess the impact of varying weather conditions on EV energy consumption, providing valuable insights into their efficiency under cold and variable climatic conditions. The primary goal is to identify the factors most responsible for increased energy consumption in these conditions. In this study, a series of controlled real-world driving tests were conducted, during which an EV (Nissan Leaf) was driven multiple times along identical routes under different weather conditions. The temperatures during these tests ranged from 20 °C to -15 °C. The 2024/2025 winter season was unusually warm in the Baltic region; therefore, tests could not be conducted at lower temperatures. Variables such as distance, temperature, battery state, and the use of accessories were recorded and subsequently analysed. Additionally, energy losses during EV battery charging were measured and evaluated. The collected data was analysed statistically, and mathematical models were developed to provide accurate predictions of battery usage under varying ambient temperatures. The results indicate that low temperatures increase EV energy consumption due to the additional energy required for battery and cabin heating. A more detailed analysis reveals that the most significant increase in energy consumption occurs at an ambient temperature of -10 °C. Overall, this study demonstrates that Baltic weather conditions can lead to a substantial decrease in EV range and efficiency, with low temperatures being the most impactful factor. By providing real-world data, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of EV efficiency in the Baltic region, offering practical insights for EV users and researchers
Lehe sisemine anatoomia kui fotosünteesi võimekuse ja stressitaluvuse võti taimeliikide lõikes
No full textDoctoral Thesis in Applied Biology.Doktoritöö rakendusbioloogia erialal.ABSTRACT. Plants capture carbon from the air and transform it into life-sustaining sugars through photosynthesis. But leaves do far more than just absorb sunlight — they must also defend themselves from herbivores, survive drought and heat, and communicate with their environment. This creates a constant balancing act: carbon invested in protection cannot be used for growth, and structural toughness can make it harder for carbon dioxide to reach the photosynthetic machinery inside the leaf.
This thesis explores how different plants solve that challenge by examining the link between leaf anatomy, photosynthesis, and chemical defence. Three very different plant groups were studied to understand this balance across evolution and environments.
First, lemongrass — a fragrant grass known for its essential oils — was used to discover how specialised defence cells called idioblasts release stored aromatic compounds when the plant is stressed. The work reveals how leaf structure protects these valuable chemicals until a threat triggers their rapid release.
Second, maize and wheat were examined to improve simple and reliable methods for preparing leaf tissues for microscopy. Understanding tiny structural details is essential for breeding crops with more efficient photosynthesis, especially those using the advanced C₄ pathway that helps plants thrive in hot and dry climates.
Finally, ancient plants were studied to determine why their leaves have unusually strong walls and tough tissues. These structures help them survive extreme environments, but also restrict the flow of carbon dioxide inside the leaf — limiting photosynthesis. The research identified which microscopic features most strongly regulate this internal carbon transfer.
By combining insights from chemical defence, crop efficiency, and plant evolution, this thesis shows that leaf anatomy is a key driver of plant performance. Understanding these internal structures helps explain how plants manage their carbon economy — and offers new ideas for improving resilience and productivity in a changing world.LÜHIKOKKUVÕTE. Taimelehtede sisemine arhitektuur määrab, kui tõhusalt taimed suudavad süsihappegaasi omastada ja end kahjurite või keskkonnastressi eest kaitsta. See mõjutab otseselt taimede kasvukiirust, saagikust ja vastupidavust kliimamuutuste tingimustes. Seetõttu on üha olulisem mõista, kuidas lehe mikroskoopiline ehitus kujundab taime võimet toime tulla väga erinevate keskkonnatingimustega.
Käesolevas doktoritöös uuriti kolme väga erinevat taimede rühma:
• aromaatseid heintaimi, mis talletavad biogeenseid lenduvaid ühendeid spetsiaalsetes rakkudes.
• C3 ja C4 metabolismiga põllukultuure.
• Iidseid paljasseemne taimi.
Esimeses uuringus näidati, et eeterlikke õlisid talletavad rakud – idioblastid – aitavad taimel stressile kiiresti reageerida, vabastades hetkega kaitselõhnu. See tähendab, et isegi tugeva stressisignaali korral ei pea taim volatiilseid ühendeid nullist sünteesima – need on juba säilitusrakkudes hoiul ja valmis koheselt kasutamiseks.
Teises uuringus kohandati mikroskoopiameetodeid erinevatele taimerühmadele. See avardab oluliselt võimalusi uurida fotosünteesi parendamise strateegiaid ning leheanatoomia mõju süsinikusidumisele erinevates C3 taimesühmades.
Kolmandas uuringus uuriti fotosünteesipiiravaid tegureid iidsetes paljasseemnetaimedes. Tulemused näitasid, et Fotosüntees on oluliselt piiratud mesofüllisisese süsihappegaasi difusiooni poolt.
Kokkuvõttes näitab see töö, et taimede võime toimida nii tõhusate süsinikusidujate kui ka tugevate kaitsjatena sõltub pidevast tasakaalust – sellest, kuidas nad jagavad oma süsinikuvaru kasvamiseks, fotosünteesiks ja keemiliseks kaitseks. Neid lõivsuhete mehhanisme paremini mõistes saame tulevikus nii aretada kliimamuutustele vastupidavamaid põllukultuure kui ka täpsemalt hinnata taimede rolli Maa süsinikuringes.Publication of this thesis was supported by the Estonian University of Life Sciences.This study was funded by the following institutions under projects P200197 and TK200U1
The dynamics of suspicious transaction reports and related indicators in the Baltic states and Norway in 2014–2024
No full textBakalaureusetöö
Maamajandusliku ettevõtluse ja finantsjuhtimise õppekavalKäesolev bakalaureusetöö põhineb tähelepanekul, et kahtlaste tehingute teatiste dünaamikat Balti riikides ja Norras mõjutavad nii majanduslikud tingimused kui ka sotsiaalsed tegurid. Kuna võrreldavad aruandluse aktiivsuse hinnangud Balti riikide ja Norra näitel puuduvad, siis käesoleva töö eesmärk on tuvastada seoseid kahtlaste tehingute teadete ning majanduslike ja institutsionaalsete tegurite vahel Baltikumis ja Norras aastatel 2014-2024. Hinnangu andmisel kasutatavateks näitajateks on kahtlaste tehingute teatiste arv 100 000 inimese kohta, SKP jooksevhindades, tarbijahinnaindeks, korruptsioonitajumise indeks, rahapesuriski indeks, töötuse määr, maksebilanss ja maksude osakaal SKPst. Analüüsis kasutatakse kirjeldatava analüüsi ning korrelatsioon- ja regressioonanalüüsi meetodeid. Analüüsitulemuste põhjal järeldati, et aruandluse aktiivsus on peamiselt seotud riigi majandusarengu taseme ja majandusliku stabiilsusega. Balti riikides mõjutavad teatiste arvu tugevamalt majandusnäitajad, Norras aga institutsionaalne ja regulatiivne keskkond. Tarbijahinnaindeks on oluline mõlemas grupis, kuid Balti riikides vähendas kõrge tarbijahinnaindeksi väärtus hinnatõus teadete arvu, Norras aga suurendas seda. See eripära kajastab erinevusi rahapesu, terrorismi rahastamise ja teiste finantskuritegude tõkestamise süsteemide arengus. Käesoleva teema jätkuna võiks uurida inflatsiooni ja uute kehtestatud direktiivide mõju tegelike finantskuritegude tekkimise riskile.This bachelor's thesis is based on the observation that the dynamics of suspicious transaction reports in the Baltic States and Norway are influenced by both economic conditions and social factors. Since there are no comparable estimates of reporting activity in the Baltic States and Norway, the aim of this work is to identify the links between suspicious transaction reports and economic and institutional factors in the Baltic States and Norway in 2014-2024. The indicators used in the assessment are the number of suspicious transaction reports per 100 000 people, GDP in current prices, consumer price index, corruption perception index, money laundering risk index, unemployment rate, balance of payments and tax share in GDP. The analysis uses descriptive analysis, correlation and regression analysis methods. Based on the analysis results, it was concluded that reporting activity is mainly related to the level of economic development and economic stability of the country. In the Baltic States, the number of reports is more strongly influenced by economic indicators, while in Norway, the institutional and regulatory environment. The consumer price index is important in both groups, but in the Baltic countries, a high consumer price index value reduced the number of price increase reports, while in Norway it increased them. This feature reflects differences in the development of systems for preventing money laundering, terrorist financing and other financial crimes. As a follow-up study to this topic, the impact of inflation and newly established directives on the risk of actual financial crimes could be examined
Detection of changes in the defence factors of Nicotiana Tabacum plant under the influence of insertion and expression of heterologous transgenes (desA, desC, HuINFα-2b)
No full textReceived: January 31st, 2025 ; Accepted: June 16th, 2025 ; Published: July 4th, 2025 ; Correspondence: [email protected] modified plants may have some changes in physiological and biochemical reactions depending on the type of transgene. In this study, we present the results of the analysis of tobacco plants with the insertion and expression of the genes for human interferon alpha (HuINFα-2b), Δ12-acyl-lipid desaturase (desA of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803) and Δ9-acyl-lipid desaturase (desC of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus vulcanus). Wild-type tobacco plants were used as a control. The level of accumulation of polyfructans and changes in the fatty acid spectrum in the leaves of plants under normal physiological conditions and after exposure to low temperatures were tested. It was found that all transgenic plants had some changes in the composition of fatty acids, however, only plants with the HuINFα-2b gene insertion had an increased content of polyfructans. These data may indirectly indicate a difference in the two defense strategies of the plant organism depending on the insertion and expression of the transferred gene