İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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The effect of maternal period nutritional status on oro‑sensorial fat perception and taste preference in rats
No full textCD36 and GPR120 play an important role in the perception and preference for fat-rich food consumption. We aimed to investigate the relationship between oro-gustatory perception of lipids, fatty taste preference, and maternal (Gestation+Lactation)- maturation period nutrition status in ofspring Sprague–Dawley rats. In our study, mother rats were fed with control (C) or high-fat diets (HFD) during gestation (21 days) and lactation (21 days) periods. After weaning, the ofspring were fed with control (C) or high-fat diets (HFD) during the maturation (120 days) period. Daily calorie intake and weekly body weight measurements were monitored. Two-bottle preference (TBPT) and licking tests measured the fat perceptions and preferences. Plasma levels of insulin, leptin, glucose, and triglyceride were measured. The protein and mRNA expressions of CD36 and GPR120 in the circumvallate papillae (CVP) were determined. The 48 h TBPT results revealed that maternal HFD-exposed ofspring rats signifcantly preferred 2% rapeseed oil solution regardless of the type of maturation diet. According to the licking test, C/C group (C diet exposed group in maternal and maturation periods) ofspring licked 0.1% oleic acid-containing water more than C/HFD (C diet exposed in maternal period and HFD exposed group in maturation period) and HFD/HFD group. (HFD exposed group in maternal and maturation periods) groups. Plasma insulin and leptin concentrations signifcantly increased in HFD/HFD groups compared to C/C group. CD36 protein expressions were signifcantly lower in HFD/ HFD than C/HFD and HFD/C groups. GPR120 and GNAT3 mRNA expressions in HFD/C group were signifcantly higher than in C/HFD group. Our results suggest that HFD exposure during maternal and maturation period may play a role in fat perception/preference through oral lipid sensors
Üç farklı biyoseramik esaslı kök ucu dolgu maddesinin Enterococcus Faecalis’in bakteriyel sızıntısına etkisinin değerlendirilmesi
No full textAim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three different root-end filling materials, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), EndoSequence BioCeramic Root-end Repair (EBCRR), and Biodentin, on bacterial leakage of Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six single-rooted human mandibular premolars with single canals were prepared up to 40#/.04 and filled with bioceramic-based Endosequence-BC sealer and 40# BC cones using the single cone method. After the setting, 60 teeth were randomly allocated to the experimental, 3 to positive, and 3 to negative control groups. After resecting the apical 3 mm, 3 mm depth cavities were prepared using an ultrasonic tip. The retrograde cavities were filled with MTA, EBCRR, and Biodentin, with 20 teeth in each experimental group. The teeth were fixed in Eppendorf tubes and sterilized with ethylene oxide. Suspensions of standard E. faecalis strains (ATCC29212) were coronally introduced, and Eppendorf tubes were fixed in sterile glass vials filled with brain heart infusion medium for bacterial growth. The medium was checked daily for turbidity. The observation was continued until there was no growth for 2 consecutive weeks. The samples with turbidity were identified, and checked whether the microorganism was E. faecalis or not. Each sample was scored according to the week the turbidity was observed (e.g., 1 point for the first week, 2 points for the second week). Samples with no growth were given the highest score. The Kruskall-Wallis test was used for statistical analyses. The significance level was set as p<0.05. Results: After 18 weeks (126 days) of follow-up, bacterial growth was detected in all groups except the negative control group. The scores were 8.60±6.23 for MTA, 7.35±3.34 for EBCRR, and 6.95±3.59 for Biodentin. The difference between the groups was insignificant (p=0.822). Conclusion: Although the MTA group had the least bacterial leakage during the follow-up period, none of the tested bioceramic-based root-end materials could prevent bacterial leakage of E. faecalis.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, üç farklı kök ucu dolgu maddesi olan Mineral Trioksit Aggregat (MTA), EndoSequence BioCeramic Root-end Repair (EBCRR), ve Biodentin’in Enterococcus faecalis’in bakteriyel sızıntısı üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 66 adet tek köklü ve kanallı insan alt küçük azı dişi kullanılmıştır. Apikal genişlikleri 40#/.04 olacak şekilde hazırlanan dişler biyoseramik esaslı Endosequence-BC sealer ve 40# BC konlar kullanılarak, tek kon yöntemi ile dolduruldu. Kök kanalı dolgusu sertleştikten sonra 60 tanesi deney grubunda, 3’er tanesi pozitif ve negatif kontrol grubunda olacak şekilde rastgele ayrıldı. Apikal 3 mm’lik kısımları rezeke edilen dişlerde ultrasonik uç yardımı ile 3 mm derinliğinde retrograd kaviteler hazırlandı ve her deney grubunda 20 diş olacak şekilde sırası ile MTA, EBCRR ve Biodentin ile dolduruldu. Dişler ependorflar içine sabitlenerek etilen oksit gazı ile steril edildi. Standart E. faecalis suşlarından (ATCC29212) elde edilen süspansiyonların enjekte edildiği ependorflar, bakteriyel büyüme için köklerin ucu besiyerine temas edecek şekilde beyin kalp infüzyon besiyeri yerleştirilmiş steril cam tüpler içinde sabitlendi. Günlük kontroller yapılarak besiyerinde bulanıklaşma olup olmadığı kontrol edildi. Üst üste 2 hafta üreme olmayana kadar gözleme devam edildi. Bulanıklaşma görülen örneklerin identifikasyonu yapılarak üreyen mikroorganizmanın E. faecalis olup olmadığı belirlendi. Sızıntının meydana geldiği haftaya göre her numune skorlandı (Ör; 1. haftada üreme olduysa 1 puan, 2. haftada olduysa 2 puan vs.). Üreme olmayan numunelere ise en yüksek skor verildi. Gruplar arası kıyaslamaların istatistiksel değerlendirmesinde Kruskall-Wallis testi kulanıldı. Anlamlılık sınırı p<0.05 olarak belirlendi. Bulgular: 18 hafta (126 gün) süren takipte, negatif kontrol grubu haricide tüm gruplarda üreme tespit edildi. Skorlar MTA için 8.60±6.23, EBCRR için 7.35±3.34, Biodentin için 6.95±3.59 olarak kaydedildi. Gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlenmedi (p=0.822). Sonuç: Takip süresi boyunca en az bakteriyel sızıntı MTA grubunda olsa da test edilen biyoseramik esaslı kök ucu dolgu maddelerinden hiçbiri E. Faecalis’in bakteriyel sızıntısını önleyememiştir
Comparison of fatty acid contents of wild and cultivated arum italicum mill. Seed oils from Kırklareli in Turkey by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
No full textObjective: Arum L. is the largest genus of Aroids. Tubers, leaves, and fruits of Arum italicum Mill. (Araceae) are used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of hemorrhoids and in preparing local dishes in Turkey. In this study, the fatty acid contents of the wild and cultivated seed oils of A. italicum Mill. species from the Kırklareli region in Turkey were determined and compared by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Materials and Methods: Seed oils were obtained via petroleum ether extraction. Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared with boron trifluoride/methanol derivatization and analyzed with TC WAX capillary gas chromatographic column. Results: The amount of 13-phenyl tridecanoic acid, which is the specific fatty acid of Arum italicum Mill. species, was found to be similar in both samples. In addition, 2-hydroxy palmitic acid was identified for the first time in the same species. Conclusion: This is the first report on the presence of the 2-hydroxy palmitic acid content of Arum italicum Mill. seeds from Turkey
Stafilokoklar ve diğer katalaz pozitif koklar
No full textGram pozitif koklar; üreme özellikleri, hücrelerinin bölünme ve diziliş özellikleri, oksijen gereksinimleri, insan vücudundaki yerleşimleri ve katalaz enzimi varlığı açısından farklılık gösterirler. Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji'de enfeksiyon etkeni olarak saptanan Gram pozitif kokların neredeyse tamamı stafilokok, streptokok ve enterokok cinslerine aittir. Streptokoklar uçuca bölünerek zincir görünümü alırken, stafilokoklar boşlukta her yöne bölünerek üzüm salkımı görünümü alırlar
Clinical and endoscopic characteristics of doxycycline induced esophageal ulcers: Retrospective observational study
No full textIntroduction: Doxycycline usage takes an essential place in drug-induced esophageal ulcers. The study aims to investigate the clinical and endoscopic features of doxycycline-induced esophageal ulcers. Materials and Methods: Patients who were treated with doxycycline for several reasons between 2014 and 2021 and who were diagnosed with esophageal ulcer after evaluation of their clinical complaints were included in the study. Patients were evaluated retrospectively in terms of demographic characteristics, clinical complaints, biopsy rate, indications for doxycycline use, endoscopy findings, and ulcer type. Results: The study includes thirty patients. About 70% of the patients were female. Biopsy was performed in 13.3% of the patients. The most common indication for the use of doxycycline was acne vulgaris (53.3%). The most common clinical complaint was dysphagia (43.3%). Esophageal ulcers were most common in the middle esophagus, with 73.3%. In the endoscopic evaluation, the most common ulcer shape was circumscribed form (56%), and most ulcers were single (60%). Conclusion: Esophageal ulcer diagnosis should be considered in patients with complaints such as dysphagia, odynophagia, and chest pain during doxycycline usage
Evaluation of sella turcica types with two different classifications in cone-beam computed tomography
No full textIntroduction: Sella turcica is a saddle-shaped depression in the sphenoid bone that contains the pituitary gland. Objectives: To investigate the morphological types of sella turcica with two different classifications in conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) images in a group of Turkish population. Material and methods: Full head CBCT images of 1,000 patients (535 men, 465 women), aged 6-91 years, were retrospectively analyzed. Morphological types of sella turcica were evaluated in multiplanar planes of CBCT according to two classification systems, and a relationship between them was examined. Relationships between categorical variables were analyzed using c2 test. Results: Frequency of basic morphological types of sella turcica was as follows: oval, 48%; flattened, 34.7%; circular, 17.3%. Flattened type of basic morphological sella types was significantly higher in males (p = 0.001). Except this type, there was no significant difference between genders. Normal type of sella turcica was detected in 532 (53.2%) of 1,000 patients. Frequency of other morphological types of sella turcica were as follows, respectively: irregularity (notching) in the posterior part of dorsum sella, 40.9%; sella turcica bridging, 2%; pyramidal shape of dorsum sella, 1.7%; oblique anterior wall, 1.2%; double contour of sellar floor, 1%. Irregularity (notching) in the posterior part of sella turcica type was observed significantly more in cases, in which basic morphological sella types were flattened (p = 0.001). Conclusions: A higher rate of normal sella morphology was detected on CBCT compared with studies conducted with wider age range. Oval sella was mostly observed with normal sella, and flattened sella was mostly determined with irregularity in posterior part of dorsum sella. CBCT is a useful technique to examine morphological types of sella turcica
Kanserlere yeni hedefli terapötik yaklaşımlar
No full textKanser, modern toplumun en yaygın ve korkulan hastalıklarından biridir. Son yıllarda insidansı giderek artmaktadır. Kanserin moleküler özelliklerinin anlaşılmaya başlamasıyla birlikte çalışmalar hedefe yönelik tedaviler üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu kitabın amacı ise kanserlere yeni hedefli terapötik yaklaşimlara ilişkin literatürü analiz etmektir. Bu kitap temel bilim, kanserlere özgü moleküler yaklaşımlar ve sinyal yolakları, hedefli ilaçlar, klinik araştırmalar ve psikoterapi gibi alanları kapsamaktadır. Kanser veya çoklu stres tepkileri birçok insan, hayvan ve bitki hastalığının altında yatmaktadır ve bu da kitap içeriğimizin önemli bir bileşenini oluşturmaktadır. Bu kitabın konu yelpazesi, kanserle ilişkili hastalıklar dünya çapında hızla ilerledikçe büyük bir güncelliğe sahip olacaktır
Autologous bone marrow-derived nucleated cell (aBMNC) transplantation improves endometrial function in patients with refractory Asherman's syndrome or with thin and dysfunctional endometrium
No full textPurpose: The purpose was to evaluate the effect of intrauterine injection of aBMNC on the endometrial function in patients with refractory Asherman's syndrome (AS) and/or thin and dysfunctional endometrium (TE). Study design: This is a prospective, experimental, non-controlled study MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out between December 2018 and December 2020 on 20 patients, who were of age < 45 years and had oligo/amenorrhea and primary infertility due to refractory AS and/or TE. One hundred ml BM was extracted. aBMNC cells were separated according to generic volume reduction protocol by using the Cell Separation System SEPAX S-100 table top centrifuge system. We have evaluated CD34+, mononuclear cell (MNC), and total nucleated cell (TNC) counts. The transplantation aBMNC was performed by two intrauterine injections at an interval of one week, transvaginally into the endometrial-myometrial junction by an ovum aspiration needle. Midcyclic endometrial thickness (ET) and gestations after transplantation were evaluated. Results: The mean TNC, MNC, and CD34+ cells were 11.55 ± 4.7 × 108, 3.85 ± 2.01 × 108, and 7.00 ± 2.88 × 106 at first injection, respectively, and 6.85 ± 2.67 × 108, 2.04 ± 1.11 × 108, and 3.44 ± 1.31 × 106 at second injection, respectively. The maximum posttransplantation ET was significantly higher than the maximum pretransplantation ET: 2.97 ± 0.48 vs. 5.76 ± 1.19 (mean ± standard deviation, p < 0.01). Twelve patients had frozen-thaw embryo transfers after the study. In 42% (n = 5 of 12) of the patients, pregnancy was achieved. One of the five patients delivered a healthy baby at term. Conclusions: Autologous BMNC transplantation may contribute to endometrial function in patients with AS and/or TE
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric mental health emergency
No full textObjective: The aim of this study was to compare pre/post-coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic changes in mental health-related visits to the pediatric emergency department. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all mental health-related pediatric emergency department visits to a tertiary general hospital between June and September 2019, 2020, and 2021. We described pre/post-coronavirus disease 2019 changes in the use of pediatric emergency departments, such as timing of visits, sex discrepancies, diagnostic distribution, discharge planning, and others. Results: Compared with the corresponding months before the pandemic (n = 187), mental health-related pediatric emergency department visits decreased by 20.8% in June–September 2020 (n = 148) and increased by 12.2% in 2021 (n = 210). The distributions of age, sex, timing of visits, reasons for presentations, hospitalization, and outpatient clinic appointment rates were not statistically significant between the years. Self-harm in females and aggression/violence in males were the most common reasons for presentation to pediatric emergency departments in each year. In the post-pandemic period, ambulance use and patients referred by other hospitals for psychiatric consultation increased, while the completion time of consultations decreased (P < .05). The frequency of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression decreased, but obsessive-compulsive disorder and anxiety disorders were more common in the post-pandemic period than in the corresponding months before the pandemic (P < .05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic resulted in a significant change in mental health-related visits to the pediatric emergency department. Those in the groups with reduced visits may be at risk for delayed access to treatment for their mental and behavioral difficulties
Identificaion of Streptococcus Milleri Group (SMG) bacteria by biochemical and molecular methods
No full textAmaç: Streptococcus milleri grubu (SMG) bakterilerin, moleküler, biyokimyasal ve yarı otomatize tekniklerle tür ayırımının yapılması ve tedavide sık kullanılan antibiyotiklere karşı duyarlılık sonuçlarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, SMG bakteriler ile ilgili bazı önemli noktalara dikkat çekmek ve epidemiyolojik olarak önemini tespit etmek için planlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza 100 streptokok cinsi bakteri dahil edilmiştir. Tür tanımlaması için biyokimyasal testler ve API 20 STREP yarı otomatik identifikasyon kiti kullanılmıştır. Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) ile hedef gen bölgeleri (HYL-MIX-U, HLY-INT- D, HLY-CC-D, 16S-ANG-U, 16S-ANG-D, ILY-4DFw, ILY-wholeC Bw) çoğaltılarak tür tanımlamaları doğrulanmıştır. Bulgular: Tüm örneklerin Voges-Proskauer (VP) deneyi pozitif, hipurat hidrolizi ve pirolidonil arylamidaz (PYR) negatif olarak saptanmıştır. Tüm suşlar Lancefield grup antijeni açısından değerlendirilmiş olup, %42 G, %26 F, %5 ise C grup antijenine sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Suşların %27’sinin ise Lancefield grup antijenleri ile antijen tipi saptanamamıştır. 100 suşun tamamı vankomisin, seftriakson, sefepim, sefotaksim, levofloksasin, linezolid antibiyotiklerine duyarlı olarak bulunmuştur. Suşlarda, %16 eritromisin, %6 klindamisin, %5 tetrasiklin, %1 kloramfenikol direnci saptanmıştır. Ampisilin ve penisilin direnci E-test yöntemi ile saptanmış ve %1 ampisilin/penisiline dirençli Streptococcus anginosus suşu, %2 ampisiline orta duyarlı S. anginosus suşu saptanmıştır. API 20 STREP sonuçlarına göre bakterilerin %41 cins bazında tanımlanmış, %45’i S. anginosus, %5’i Streptococcus constellatus, %1’i Streptococcus intermedius olarak sonuçlandırılmıştır. Multipleks polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) sonuçları ise %56 S. anginosus, %24 S.constellatus, %8’i S. intermedius olarak saptanmıştır. Suşların %12’sinde herhangi bir bant saptanamamıştır. Sonuç: Streptococcus milleri grubun biyokimyasal identifikasyon şemasının henüz tam olarak tanımlanmadığı saptanmıştır. Antibiyotik duyarlılık sonuçlarımıza göre SMG’de direnç gelişimi ciddi boyutta değildir. Grubu tanımlamada ticari kitlerin yetersiz olabileceği ve yapılacak çalışmaların mutlaka moleküler bir yöntemle desteklenmesi gerekmektedir. Streptococcus milleri grubun biyokimyasal identifikasyon şemasının henüz tam olarak tanımlanmadığı saptanmıştır. Antibiyotik duyarlılık sonuçlarımıza göre SMG’de direnç gelişimi ciddi boyutta değildir. Grubu tanımlamada ticari kitlerin yetersiz olabileceği ve yapılacak çalışmaların mutlaka moleküler bir yöntemle desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.Objective: The aim of this study was to differentiate the strains of Streptococcus milleri group (SMG) bacteria using molecular, biochemical and semi-automated techniques and to investigate the results of susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics in treatment. It was anticipated that the study would draw attention to some important points about SMG bacteria and to determine their epidemiological importance. Materials and method: A total of 100 streptococcal bacteria were included in our study. Biochemical tests and the API 20 STREP semiautomatic identification kit were used for species identification. Species identifications were confirmed by amplification of the target gene regions (HYL-MIX-U, HLY-INT-D, HLY-CC-D, 16S-ANG-U, 16S-ANG-D, ILY-4DFw, ILYwholeC Bw) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Voges-Proskauer tests of all strains were positive, whereas hippurate hydrolysis and pyrrolidinyl arylamidase (PYR) tests were negative. All strains were evaluated in terms of Lancefield group antigen, and it was found that 42% were G, 26% were F, and 5% were C group antigen. It was not possible to determine antigen type with Lancefield group antigens in 27% of the strains. All of the isolates were found to be susceptible to vancomycin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, cefotaxime, levofloxacin, and linezolid. Erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol resistance was found in 16%, 6%, 5%, and %1 of the isolates, respectively. Ampicillin and penicillin resistance were determined by the E-test method. One Streptococcus anginosus strain was resistant to ampicillin and penicillin, and two S. anginosus isolates were found to be intermediately susceptible to ampicillin. According to API 20 STREP results, 41% of the isolates were identified as genus level, 45% were S. anginosus, 5% were Streptococcus constellatus, and 1% were Streptococcus intermedius. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were found to be 56% S. anginosus, 24% S. constellatus, and 8% S. intermedius. No band was detected in 12% of the strains. It has been determined that the biochemical identification scheme of the Streptococcus milleri group has not yet been fully defined. According to the antibiotic susceptibility results, the development of resistance in SMG is not critical. Commercial kits are unsatisfactory in identifying this group, and the studies should be supported with molecular methods.İstanbul Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi -- Proje No: 1716