İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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Veränderung der interleukin-10- und tumornekrosefaktor-α-konzentration in der gingivalen sulkusflüssigkeit nach anwendung von probiotika bei patienten mit festsitzenden kieferorthopädischen apparaturen
No full textPurpose This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the use of chewable probiotic tablets on interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients undergoing treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods This prospective case–control study involved 60 patients undergoing treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. Participants were divided into two groups. The test group was administered probiotic chewable tablets (Motiflor AS, Abfen Farma, Ankara, Turkey) once daily for 15 days, and the control group received routine orthodontic treatment without probiotics. GCF samples were collected from each participant at two time points: at the beginning of the treatment (T0) and on the 21st day (T1). Samples were obtained separately from all four canines using collection strips. The levels of IL-10 and TNF-α in GCF were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Statistical tests were performed to assess the normality of the distribution of quantitative variables. All analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism (version 9.1.1, GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA). Data normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Friedman’s test for repeated measures was employed, followed by Dunn’s post hoc test. Results The variability that was observed for the IL-10 cytokine levels in the control group was significantly higher than that for the test group (p< 0.05). IL-10 levels in the test group increased while the TNF-α levels decreased. T1/T0 ratio for TNF-α was found to be lower in the test group compared to the control group (p= 0.002). Conclusion The results suggest that probiotic tablets may play a role in modulating IL-10 and TNF-α levels during orthodontic tooth movement. However, the current study was limited to the first 21 days of mechanical force application to the teeth, and it is recommended to investigate the long-term effects or other factors affecting cytokine changes in future studies.Zielsetzung Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Wirkung der Einnahme von probiotischen Kautabletten auf die Spiegel von Interleukin-10 (IL-10) und Tumornekrosefaktor-α (TNF-α) in der gingivalen Sulkusflüssigkeit (GCF) bei Patienten zu untersuchen, die sich einer festsitzenden kieferorthopädischen Behandlung unterziehen. Methoden An dieser prospektiven Fall-Kontroll-Studie nahmen 60 Patienten teil, die sich einer kieferorthopädischen Behandlung mit festsitzenden Apparaturen unterzogen. Die Teilnehmer wurden in zwei Gruppen aufgeteilt. Der Prüfgruppe wurden 15 Tage lang einmal täglich probiotische Kautabletten (Motiflor AS, Abfen Farma, Ankara, Türkei) verabreicht, die Kontrollgruppe erhielt eine kieferorthopädische Routinebehandlung ohne Probiotika. Von jedem Teilnehmer wurden zu 2 Zeitpunkten GCF-Proben entnommen: zu Behandlungsbeginn (T0) und am 21. Tag (T1). Die Proben wurden mit Hilfe von Entnahmestreifen von allen vier Eckzähnen getrennt entnommen. Die Konzentrationen von IL-10 und TNF-α im GCF wurden mit der ELISA(„enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay“)-Methode analysiert. Statistische Tests wurden durchgeführt, um die Normalität der Verteilung der quantitativen Variablen zu bewerten. Alle Analysen wurden mit GraphPad Prism (Version 9.1.1, GraphPad Software, San Diego/CA, USA) durchgeführt. Die Normalität der Daten wurde mit dem Kolmogorov-Smirnov-Test bewertet. Der Friedman-Test für wiederholte Messungen wurde angewandt, gefolgt von einem Dunn-Post-hoc-Test. Ergebnisse Die beobachtete Variabilität der IL-10-Zytokinwerte in der Kontrollgruppe war signifikant höher als in der Testgruppe (p< 0,05). Die IL-10-Spiegel in der Testgruppe stiegen an, die TNF-α-Spiegel dagegen nahmen ab. Das T1/T0-Verhältnis für TNF-α war in der Testgruppe im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe niedriger (p= 0,002). Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass probiotische Tabletten eine Rolle bei der Modulation der IL-10- und TNF-α-Spiegel während der kieferorthopädischen Zahnbewegung spielen könnten. Die vorliegende Studie beschränkte sich jedoch auf die ersten 21 Tage der mechanischen Krafteinwirkung auf die Zähne, und es wird empfohlen, in künftigen Studien die langfristigen Auswirkungen oder andere Faktoren zu untersuchen, welche die Zytokinveränderungen beeinflussen
Comparison of fixed band-loop space-maintainers with varying physical parameters designed using 3d digital software via finite element analysis
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı, farklı fiziksel parametrelerle dijital olarak tasarlanmış sabit bant-loop yer tutucuların, sonlu elemanlar analiz (SEA) yöntemiyle mekanik dayanıklılık ve gerilme dağılımı açısından değerlendirilmesidir. Mandibulada ikinci süt azı dişi eksikliğini simüle eden modeller kullanılarak üç farklı bant kalınlığı (0.076mm (0.003 inch), 0.127mm (0.005 inch) ve 0.177mm (0.007 inch)) ve iki farklı bant yüksekliği (standart ve 2 mm kısa) ile toplam 12 farklı model oluşturulmuştur. Modeller üzerinde 45° ve 90° açılarla yaklaşık 245 N'luk çiğneme kuvveti uygulanmış ve elde edilen Von Mises gerilme ile toplam deformasyon değerleri değerlendirilmiştir. Analizlerde, daha kalın ve yüksek bant yapılarının hem stres birikimini hem de deformasyon miktarını anlamlı düzeyde azalttığı görülmüştür Ayrıca, bandın dişe göre daha servikale veya oklüzale yerleştirilmesinin gerilme dağılımı üzerinde önemli etkiler yarattığı görülmüştür. Kullanılan tüm modeller titanyum bazlı metal materyaliyle oluşturulmuş olup yüksek biyomekanik dayanıklılık göstermiştir. Sonuçlar, dijital tasarım ve sonlu elemanlar analiz yönteminin sabit yer tutucuların biyomekanik performansının optimize edilmesinde etkili bir araç olduğunu göstermektedir. Klinik uygulamalarda, hastaya özgü anatomik ve fonksiyonel koşullar dikkate alınarak bant-loop tasarım parametrelerinin dikkatle seçilmesi önerilmektedir.The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical strength and stress distribution of digitally designed fixed band-loop space maintainers with different physical parameters using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. A total of 12 different models simulating the absence of the second primary molar in the mandible were created by varying band thickness (0.076 mm (0.003 inch), 0.127 mm (0.005 inch), and 0.177 mm (0.007 inch)) and band height (standard and 2 mm shorter). A masticatory force of approximately 245 N was applied to the models at angles of 45° and 90°, and von Mises stress and total deformation values were analyzed. The analysis revealed that thicker and taller band structures significantly reduced both stress accumulation and the amount of deformation. Additionally, it was observed that the positioning of the band on the tooth—whether cervically or occlusally—had a notable effect on stress distribution. All models were constructed using titanium material and demonstrated high biomechanical durability. The findings indicate that digital design and FEA are effective tools for optimizing the biomechanical performance of fixed space maintainers. In clinical practice, it is recommended that band-loop design parameters be carefully selected by considering the patient's individual anatomical and functional conditions
Periodontal hastalıklar ve kanser gelişimindeki etkileri
No full textKanser, dünya genelinde ölüm nedenleri arasında ikinci sırada yer almakta olup, her yıl yaklaşık 10 milyon insanın yaşamını yitirmesine neden olmaktadır. Küresel ölçekte her yıl yaklaşık 19 milyon yeni kanser vakası teşhis edilmekte, en yaygın görülen kanser türleri arasında meme, akciğer, kolorektal, pankreas ve mide kanserleri öne çıkmaktadır (1). Etkili birincil koruma ve tedavi stratejileri halen sınırlı olup, bu stratejilerin başarıyla uygulanabilmesi, kanser oluşumuna ilişkin moleküler mekanizmaların daha iyi anlaşılmasına ve değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerinin hedeflenmesine bağlıdır
Harnessing generative pre-trained transformer technology for clinical decision support in retinal detachment
No full textAim: Considering the increasing incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, it is crucial to comprehend the advantages and constraints of these technologies within ophthalmologic settings for their secure and efficient clinical utilization. This study aims to comprehensively assess the efficacy of three leading Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) -based platforms in providing clinical decision-support for retinal detachment (RD). Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted between April 2024 and May 2024. Fifty questions were created based on the American Academy of Ophthalmology “Retina Book”, specifically targeting RD. The answers were produced by three different platforms and assessed by three independent reviewers who used Likert scales to evaluate their comprehensiveness and accuracy. Six readability metrics, including the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), average words per sentence, average syllables per word, total sentence count, and total word count, were assessed. Results: Gemini earned the most outstanding results for comprehensiveness (4.11±0.72) and accuracy (1.49±0.61), followed by ChatGPT and Copilot. ChatGPT had superior readability metrics, achieving an FKGL of 15.62±2.85 and a FRES of 62.54±12.34, establishing it as the most accessible platform. ChatGPT demonstrated significantly higher performance compared to other platforms in the metrics of average syllables per word (p=0.0421) and total word count (p=0.0115). At the same time, no significant differences were found among the platforms in the metrics of average words per sentence (p=0.0842) and total sentence count (p=0.1603). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values indicated strong inter-rater agreement for comprehensiveness (ICC >0.74) and moderate to-high agreement for accuracy (ICC >0.56). Conclusion: Gemini’s detailed and accurate responses position it as a robust tool for professional use, while ChatGPT’s superior readability makes it suitable for patient education. These findings emphasize the synergistic advantages of AI platforms in research and development management and show the necessity for hybrid systems that integrate accessibility with accuracy
Yeni bir anestezi maskesi tasarımı
No full textHumanity has struggled with epidemics from the past to the present. All have similar problems, such as infection rates, prevention methods, and supply problems. Today, we are grappling with the problems we have witnessed during the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of this study, protective and therapeutic masks, which are the products that people of all ages and physical characteristics interact with most during the pandemic period, were examined. A conceptual design for an original anesthesia mask was developed based on the data obtained in this study, using the systematic design approach. User experience theories and applications were used to understand the interaction and reflect it in the new design. This stage is based on a systematic design approach. The optimum design option was then used to create a embodiment design for the mask. The materials and properties suitable for prototyping to be used by modelling in three dimensions in the computer environment were determined and prepared by the working functions of the system. By preparing the usage scenario of the product, the amount of air escape was reduced compared to that in the market. The design process has been completed so that it provides a more harmonious closure with the facial features and helps to reduce the errors that occur during the treatment process with the ergonomic grip of healthcare professionals.İnsanlık geçmişten günümüze salgın hastalıklarla mücadele etmiştir. Hepsinde enfeksiyon oranları, korunma yöntemleri ve tedarik sorunları gibi benzer sorunlar bulunmaktadır. Bugün de COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında tanık olduğumuz sorunlarla mücadele etmekteyiz. Bu çalışma kapsamında, pandemi döneminde her yaştan ve fiziksel özellikten insanın en çok etkileşimde bulunduğu ürünler olan koruyucu ve tedavi edici maskeler incelendi. Bu çalışmada elde edilen verilerden yola çıkılarak sistematik tasarım yaklaşımı kullanılarak özgün bir anestezi maskesi için kavramsal tasarım geliştirildi. Etkileşimi anlamak ve yeni tasarıma yansıtmak için kullanıcı deneyimi teorileri ve uygulamalarından yararlanılarak bu aşama sistematik tasarım yaklaşımına dayandırılmıştır. Optimum tasarım seçeneği daha sonra maske için bir somutlaştırma tasarımı oluşturmak için kullanılmıştır. Bilgisayar ortamında üç boyutlu olarak modellenerek kullanılacak prototiplemeye uygun malzemeler ve özellikleri belirlenmiş ve sistemin çalışma fonksiyonları ile hazırlanmıştır. Ürünün kullanım senaryosu hazırlanarak hava kaçış miktarı piyasadakine göre azaltıldı. Yüz hatları ile daha uyumlu bir kapanış sağlayacak ve sağlık çalışanlarının ergonomik tutuşu ile tedavi sürecinde oluşan hataların azaltılmasına yardımcı olacak şekilde tasarım süreci tamamlanmıştır
Anatomical features of the superior vesical artery and its relationship with neighboring arteries
No full textBackground The superior vesical artery (SVA) is one of the important arteries that supply the urinary bladder. This study aimed to investigate anatomical features of the SVA, its morphometric relationships with neighboring arteries. Methods Totally, 102 (52 male and 50 female) fresh cadavers were dissected. The lengths of the common iliac artery (LCIA) and the internal iliac artery (LIIA) were measured. The distances between the umbilical and the frst superior vesical arteries (UmbA-First SVA), and the umbilical and the last superior vesical arteries (UmbA-Last SVA) were calculated. The distance between the uterine and the frst superior vesical arteries (UA-First SVA) was measured. The measurements were conducted in millimeters using the ImageJ software program. Results The mean LCIA was 60.75±15.03 mm on the right and 61.96±16.17 mm on the left. The mean LIIA was 34.19±14.33 mm on the right and 32.02±14.58 mm on the left. The number of SVA ranged from 1 to 4. The mean UmbA First SVA and UmbA-Last SVA were 14.59±13.80 mm and 31.12±17.47 mm for the right, respectively. Additionally, the mean UmbA-First SVA and UmbA-Last SVA were 13.87±13.06 mm and 35.90±18.26 mm for the left, respectively. A statistically signifcant diference was found for UmbA-First SVA according to gender and for UmbA-Last SVA according to sides. Lastly, the mean UA-First SVA was 18.05±9.26 mm on the right and 23.39±13.47 mm on the left. Conclusion The results of the study may guide clinicians in bladder-focused pelvic surgeries, oncological treatments, endo vascular operations, and interventional radiologic treatments.Open access funding provided by the Scientifc and Techno logical Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK). İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi.
Açık erişim fonlaması Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK) tarafından sağlanmıştır. İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi
Determinanți ai investițiilor străine directe în sectorul textil: O cercetare cu metodologia IT2 Fuzzy TOPSIS
No full textThis study aims to identify the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the textile sectors in Poland, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, Czechia and Türkiye. The study assesses these criteria through paired comparisons conducted by experts who have a minimum of 10 years of professional experience in the field and analyses them using the IT2 Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) technique. According to the findings, the criteria with the highest degree of importance are national security, inflation rate, patent and trademark protection, transportation networks and market size. On a country-by-country basis, Poland has a higher investment attraction potential compared to other countries according to the criteria of openness, corruption, legal regulations and privatization policies, import and export quotas, education and professional status, renewable energy resources, sustainability, intellectual property protection, patent and trademark protection and national security. Hungary scores highest on import and export quotas and tax rates, while Slovakia stands out on import and export quotas and waste management/environmental regulations. Romania scores highest on profitability and debt financing, labour costs and import and export quotas. Czechia scores highest on inflation rate, political stability, legal regulations and privatization policies, economic incentives, general trade policies, import and export quotas and cultural situation and lifestyle. Türkiye scores the highest in terms of market size, GDP growth rate, access to raw materials and markets, technological infrastructure and innovation, transport networks, production sites, energy production, import and export quotas and business-friendly approaches.Acest studiu își propune să identifice factorii determinanți ai investițiilor străine directe (FDI) în sectoarele textile din Polonia, România, Ungaria, Slovacia, Cehia și Turcia. Studiul evaluează aceste criterii prin comparații în perechi efectuate de experți care au o experiență profesională de minimum 10 ani în domeniu și le analizează utilizând tehnica IT2 Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Conform rezultatelor, criteriile cu cel mai înalt grad de importanță sunt securitatea națională, rata inflației, protecția brevetelor și a mărcilor comerciale, rețelele de transport și dimensiunea pieței. Dintre toate țările analizate, Polonia are un potențial mai ridicat de atragere a investițiilor în comparație cu alte țări în funcție de criteriile privind deschiderea, corupția, reglementările juridice și politicile de privatizare, cotele de import și export, educația și statutul profesional, resursele de energie regenerabilă, durabilitatea, protecția proprietății intelectuale, protecția brevetelor și a mărcilor comerciale și securitatea națională. Ungaria obține cel mai mare punctaj în ceea ce privește cotele de import și export și ratele de impozitare, în timp ce Slovacia se evidențiază în ceea ce privește cotele de import și export și gestionarea deșeurilor/reglementările de mediu. România obține cel mai mare punctaj în ceea ce privește profitabilitatea și finanțarea datoriilor, costurile forței de muncă și cotele de import și export. Cehia este cel mai bine cotată în ceea ce privește rata inflației, stabilitatea politică, reglementările juridice și politicile de privatizare, stimulentele economice, politicile comerciale generale, cotele de import și export, situația culturală și stilul de viață. Turcia obține cel mai mare punctaj în ceea ce privește dimensiunea pieței, rata de creștere a PIB-ului, accesul la materii prime și piețe, infrastructura tehnologică și inovarea, rețelele de transport, locurile de producție, producția de energie, cotele de import și export și abordările favorabile întreprinderilor
Psikiyatrik hastalarda intihar riski: Demografik ve psikososyal faktörlerin analizi
No full textThe aim of this study is to assess the likelihood of suicide in patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorders and currently receiving treatment, and to examine the relationship between this likelihood and demographic data, as well as psychosocial factors. Using a descriptive and cross sectional model, the data from 165 participants were collected and evaluated through a personal information form and the Suicide Probability Scale (SPS). The study revealed significant relationships between suicide risk and variables such as age, education level, marital status, place of residence, and types of social support. It was also highlighted that the participants generally had a negative perception of their psychological health, and individuals lacking emotional social support showed higher levels of hopelessness and negative self-concept. Furthermore, individuals receiving low social support were found to have a higher suicide risk. The findings indicate that social work professionals can play a significant role in identifying individuals at risk for suicide and developing preventive measures. These results point to the necessity of strengthening social support systems and improving psychological health services.Bu çalışmanın amacı, psikiyatrik bozukluk tanısı almış ve halen tedavi görmekte olan hastalarda intihar olasılığını değerlendirmek ve bu olasılığın demografik veriler ile psikososyal faktörlerle olan ilişkisini incelemektir. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel bir model kullanılarak, 165 katılımcıdan elde edilen veriler kişisel bilgi formu ve İntihar Olasılığı Ölçeği (SPS) aracılığıyla toplanmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma, intihar riski ile yaş, eğitim düzeyi, medeni durum, yaşanılan yer ve sosyal destek türleri gibi değişkenler arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Katılımcıların genel olarak psikolojik sağlıklarına dair olumsuz bir algıya sahip oldukları ve duygusal sosyal desteği olmayan bireylerde umutsuzluk ve olumsuz benlik algısının daha yüksek olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Ayrıca, düşük sosyal destek alan bireylerin daha yüksek intihar riski taşıdığı belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının intihar riski taşıyan bireyleri belirlemede ve önleyici tedbirler geliştirmede önemli bir rol oynayabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Bu sonuçlar, sosyal destek sistemlerinin güçlendirilmesi ve psikolojik sağlığın iyileştirilmesinin gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır
Branching patterns and variations of the anterior choroidal artery: A detailed cadaveric morphometric analysis
No full textThe aim of our study was to investigate the morphometric and morphological characteristics of the anterior choroidal artery (AChA) and its branches. Also, the branching patterns and cortical termination sites of the AChA were examined by detailed morphometric analysis. For this purpose, 62 fresh cadavers (124 hemispheres) were included in the study. AChA diameter, length, and distances of branches to the AChA origin were measured using ImageJ software. The distribution of the branches according to arterial origin and their distances to the target regions was quantitatively defined. Although a total of 594 branches originating from AchA were observed, only 587 of these branches reached or terminated in the regions observed. Accordingly, 220/587 were found to go to the optic tract, 214/587 to the cerebral peduncle, 130/587 to the uncus, and 23/587 to the anterior perforated substance. Our study provides novel morphometric ratios that map the branching architecture of the AChA, confirming that branches originate predominantly from its midpoint (overall ratio:0.45). We found that 73.07% of AChA branches supply the optic tract and cerebral peduncle, highlighting their central role, while a minimal proportion (3.87%) serve the anterior perforated substance. These data elucidate the topo graphical relationships that are crucial for understanding pathologies like Moyamoya disease and proximal aneurysms. The established ratios offer invaluable benchmarks for anatomical navigation, potentially reducing risks in neurosurgical procedures involving the AChA territory
Investigation of the effectiveness of short-term grief-focused group intervention for 1st degree losses in earthquake
No full textA considerable number of individuals who lost family members in the 2023 earthquake in Hatay province, Turkey, have been found to experience a range of psychosocial problems and disorders. In this randomised controlled trial, the efficacy of grief-focused group therapy was compared with that of a control group that did not receive any treatment. A total of 10 Turkish adults were randomly assigned to the group therapy group. The participants were evaluated at the outset of the study and at its conclusion in order to ascertain any changes in psychological resilience (Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults), grief symptoms (Grief Scale), and cognitive flexibility (Cognitive Flexibility Inventory). The results of the study are as follows: The results demonstrated that grief-focused group therapy was an effective intervention for reducing grief symptoms and enhancing psychological resilience and cognitive flexibility. A brief grief-focused group intervention has been demonstrated to be an efficacious intervention for earthquake survivors. The brief grief-focused group intervention proved more efficacious than the control condition in enhancing psychological resilience and cognitive flexibility, while concurrently attenuating grief symptoms, among adults who lost first-degree family members in the earthquake. Overall, the Grief Recovery Focused Group Therapy Program yielded a favourable impact on alpha, beta, and gamma scores in the experimental group, while exhibiting no discernible effect on delta and theta scores