İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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Violencia laboral contra enfermeras: Una investigación cualitativa
No full textBackground: Workplace violence against nurses is a serious problem identified in many countries around the world. This study aimed to identify the lived experiences of nurses working in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, concerning workplace violence and to provide recommendations to avoid such acts. Methods: A qualitative and descriptive design was used. The snowball technique was used to reach the participants. Narratives (n=42) written by nurses were collected. A total of 42 nurses participated in the study. Data were interpreted through a manifest content analysis. Results: The obtained data were presented in five themes: “acts of violence”, “measures taken against acts of violence”, “reasons for violence”, “consequences of violence”, and “recommendations to avoid violence”. More security in health institutions, better working conditions, support from nursing councils and nurse managers, awareness of the population, and changing attitudes of nurses themselves may reduce workplace violence. Conclusion: Violence in the workplace harms the health of nurses and reduces the quality of care since unhealthy nurses will not be able to perform their duties effectively and efficiently.Antecedentes: La violencia laboral contra las enfermeras es un problema grave identificado en muchos países del mundo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las experiencias vividas por las enfermeras que actúan en el estado de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, en relación con la violencia en el trabajo y proporcionar recomendaciones para evitar tales actos. Métodos: Se utilizó un diseño cualitativo y descriptivo. Se utilizó la técnica de la bola de nieve para llegar a los participantes. Se recogieron relatos escritos por enfermeros. Un total de 42 enfermeras participaron en el estudio. Los datos fueron interpretados a través de un análisis de contenido manifiesto. Resultados: Los datos obtenidos se presentaron en cinco temáticas: “actos de violencia”, “medidas tomadas frente a actos de violencia”, “motivos de la violencia”, “consecuencias de la violencia” y “recomendaciones para evitar la violencia”. Más seguridad en las instituciones de salud, mejores condiciones de trabajo, el apoyo de los consejos de enfermería y de las enfermeras gestoras, la concientización de la población y el cambio de actitud de las propias enfermeras pueden reducir la violencia en el lugar de trabajo. Conclusión: La violencia en el lugar de trabajo perjudica la salud de las enfermeras y reduce la calidad de la atención, ya que las enfermeras no saludables no podrán desempeñar sus funciones de manera eficaz y eficiente
System design for green power generation with piezoelectric materials
No full textIn this study; piezoelectric material is used to generate electrical energy within the scope of hydraulic energy, one of the renewable energy sources. In order to increase the electricity generation efficiency of the piezoelectric material used for energy conversion, turbulence intensity was tried to be increased in the existing closed system flow channel and vortex generating plates were designed. In order to establish the boundary conditions, experimental studies were carried out with the first vortex generator plates and then the data obtained with the numerical studies were compared. The number of blades and blade angle of the designed plate were modeled and numerical studies were carried out in ANSYS Fluent program to find the optimum values of the parameters considered. In addition, the optimum distances between the plates, nozzle plate and rotating plate were tried to be found experimentally. The final values obtained as a result of numerical and experimental studies were recorded as 0.019 TKE, 0.28 Volt. Considering the measured results, it was seen that approximately 1.6 times more efficiency TKE and 2.3 times more Volt were obtained than the previous studies
Örneklerle rekonstrüksiyon ve sürdürülebilirlik ilişkisi
No full textWithin the scope of immovable cultural heritage, monumental buildings or protected areas are universal for societies. Historical buildings may have been completely or partially destroyed over time, and sometimes, in special cases, these structures may need to be rebuilt in accordance with their original form for sustainability. Recreating them in accordance with the original is called reconstruction. Even if the reconstructed cultural heritage does not have the original material and workmanship characteristics of the period in which it was built, it may be deemed necessary for historical continuity. It is essential that technical data photographs, building surveys and similar documents to enable renewal must be available so that reconstruction could take place. It is useful to carefully reserve and keep the protected pieces of demolished building/buildings such as doors, windows, ceiling decorations, moldings etc., and use all secured pieces in recent constructions since the same would strengthen the relations of reconstruction with the historical structure. In this study, reconstruction and sustainability concepts will be analyzed through samples. It is not suitable to perform reconstruction for any constructions. Although the execution of rebuilding any monument bears no meaning historically, it may serve for protection in terms of maintaining a construction technique, keeping the traditions alive it further serves for cultural sustainability concept in this context.Taşınmaz kültür mirası kapsamında anıtsal yapılar ya da sit alanları toplumlar için evrenseldir. Zaman içinde tarihi yapılar tümüyle veya kısmen yok olmuş olabilir, bazen özel durumlarda sürdürülebilirliği için bu yapıların yeniden aslına uygun olarak inşa edilmesi gerekebilir. Aslına uygun olarak yeniden canlandırılmalarına rekonstrüksiyon denir. Rekonstrüksiyonu gerçekleşen kültür mirası, yapıldığı dönemin özgün malzeme ve işçilik özelliklerine sahip olmasa da tarihsel süreklilik açısından gerekli bulunabilir. Rekonstrüksiyonun gerçekleşebilmesi için yeniden yapımı olanaklı kılacak teknik verilerin, fotoğraf, rölöve ve benzeri belgelerin var olması gerekmektedir. Yıkılan yapıya/yapılara ait korunmuş parçaların, kapı, pencere, tavan bezemesi, silmeler vb. özenle ayrılarak saklanması sağlanabilen tüm özgün parçaların yeni yapılarda kullanılması rekonstrüksiyonun tarihi yapıyla ilişkilerini güçlendireceğinden yararlıdır. Çalışmada rekonstrüksiyon ile sürdürülebilirlik kavramı örnekler ile irdelenecektir. Her yapının rekonstrüksiyonunun yapılması uygun değildir. Bir anıtın aynısını yeniden inşa etme uygulaması tarihi açıdan anlam taşımasa da bir yapım tekniği sürdürme, geleneği yaşatma bakımından korumaya yönelik olabilmektedir, bu bağlamda kültürel sürdürülebilirlik kavramına da hizmet etmektedir
Streptokoklar ve diğer katalaz negatif koklar
No full textStreptokoklar; Gram pozitif, 0.5 - 1 µm boyutlarında, yuvarlak veya oval gerekli, hareketsiz, sporsuz, tek yönde bölündüklerinden çift ya da zincir şeklinde diziliş, gösteren bakterilerdir. Katalaz negatif olma özellikleriyle morfolojik olarak en benzer cins olan stafilokoklardan ayrılırlar. Hasta örneklerinde ya da sıvı besiyeri kültürlerinde uzun zincirler oluşturan streptokoklar katı besiyeri kliniklerinde kısa zincir, diplokok veya kalite şeklinde diziliş gösterebilirler
Determination of the toxicity preferences of ocular drug delivery system by comparing two different toxicity bioassays
No full textOcular drug delivery methods are highly favored for boosting bioavailability, patient compliance, and lower adverse effects and dose frequency. In addition to preventing adverse effects from the active ingredient, the parts of drug delivery systems must be nontoxic and nonallergic as well. Mitochondrial toxicity test (MTT) and Hen's egg chorioallantois membrane (HET-CAM) assay are the most often utilized tests based on this dilemma. The toxicity of loteprednol etabonate loaded solid lipid nanoparticles, lipid nanostructured carriers, and nanoemulsion were compared. Oleic acid, Precirol®ATO5, and Pluronic® F68 were used in the preparation. Their toxicities were evaluated by using two different toxicity tests (MTT and HET-CAM). The results suggest that there are no significant differences between the HET-CAM and MTT assays. It is noteworthy that the HET-CAM assay offers a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to the MTT assay, as it does not require cell culture and generates less toxic waste. This information may be useful to consider when selecting between the two assays
A prospective longitudinal analysis of the predictors of amenorrhea after breast cancer chemotherapy: Impact of BRCA pathogenic variants
No full textBackground: Better tools for post-chemotherapy amenorrhea risk assessment are needed for fertility preservation decision-making. Our aim was to determine the predictors of amenorrhea risk at 12 and 18 months post-chemotherapy in women with breast cancer. Methods: 142 women with breast cancer were longitudinally followed for their menstrual changes at 6, 12, and 18 months after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy with an Anthracycline-Cyclophosphamide-based (AC-based) or Cyclophosphamide-Methotrexate +5-Fluorouracil regimen. Pre- and/or post-chemo AMH levels, age, BMI, tamoxifen use, regimen type, and germline BRCA pathogenic variant (gBRCApv) status were evaluated for the prediction of amenorrhea at 6-18 months. Results: In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression, age (p = 0.03) and AMH (p = 0.03) at 12 months, and gBRCApv status (p = 0.03) at 18 months were significant predictors of amenorrhea (areas under the ROC curve of 0.77 and 0.76, for 12 and 18 months, respectively) among 102 evaluable subjects. An undetectable AMH immediately post-chemotherapy was predictive of amenorrhea with 2.0 ng/mL group showed attenuated time-trend risk of amenorrhea versus AMH ≤2.0 group (ratio of ORs = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.86-0.97, p = 0.002), while the gBRCApv + showed a steeper time trend, versus the controls (ratio of ORs = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.04-1.20, p = 0.003). Conclusions: In addition to the pre- and post-treatment AMH levels, gBRCApv status is a novel potential predictor of amenorrhea at 12 and 18 months after chemotherapy. The higher likelihood of amenorrhea in women gBRCApv suggests that they are more prone to losing their fertility post-chemotherapy.This study was supported by RO1 HD053112 from the Eu-nice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), and National Cancer Institute
Wiley
No full textIn the present study, a method is proposed for the determination of lead at trace levels by slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (SQT-FAAS) after preconcentration with stearic acid coated magnetic nanoparticle-based dispersive solid phase extraction (SA-MNP-DSPE). The slotted quartz tube (SQT) is used to enhance the analyte atom residence time in the light path. Stearic acid coated magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, which can be easily collected with an external magnet, are used as adsorbent in the extraction process. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) values of the proposed method are obtained as 0.90 and 2.9 mu g L-1, respectively. The method allows high repeatability in a wide linear range between 5.0 and 250 mu g L-1, and the relative standard deviation for six replicates is 5.8%. The detection power is enhanced by about 77-fold compared to the regular flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS) system. The method is validated by recovery experiments to four different lake water samples. After the spiking tests, good recovery results are calculated between 97% and 106%. These results show that lead can be detected at low levels in lake water samples with high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision
Micro-shear bond strength of different calcium silicate materials to bulk-fill composite
No full textIntroduction: This study aimed to compare the micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) performances of two resin-based calcium silicate-based cement (CSC) (TheraCal PT and TheraCal LC), Biodentine, and two modified-MTA CSC materials (NeoMTA 2 and BioMTA+) to bulk-fill restorative material. Materials and Methods: Fifty 3D printed cylindrical resin blocks with a central hole were used (2 mm in depth and 4 mm in diameter). CSCs were placed in the holes (per each group n = 10) and incubated for 24 h. Cylindrical polyethylene molds (2 mm in height and diameter) were used to place the bulk-fill restorative materials on the CSCs and polymerize for 20 s. Then, all specimens were incubated for 24 h at 37 C at a humidity of 100%. Specimen’s µSBSs were determined with a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA (Welch) and Tamhane test. Results: Statistically higher µSBS was found for TheraCal PT (29.91 ± 6.13 MPa) (p 0.05) reported higher µSBS than NeoMTA 2 (11.49 ± 5.78 MPa) and BioMTA+ (6.45 ± 1.89 MPa) (p 0.05). Conclusion: Choosing TheraCal PT as the pulp capping material may increase the adhesion and µSBS to the bulk-fill composite superstructure and sealing ability
Molecular cardiotoxic effects of proteasome inhibitors Carfilzomib and Ixazomib and their combination with dexamethasone involve mitochondrial dysregulation
No full textWith the development and approval of new proteasome inhibitors, proteasome inhibition is increasingly recognized in cancer therapy. Besides successful anti-cancer effects in hematological cancers, side effects such as cardiotoxicity are limiting effective treatment. In this study, we used a cardiomyocyte model to investigate the molecular cardiotoxic mechanisms of carfilzomib (CFZ) and ixazomib (IXZ) alone or in combination with the immunomodulatory drug dexamethasone (DEX) which is frequently used in combination therapies in the clinic. According to our findings, CFZ showed a higher cytotoxic effect at lower concentrations than IXZ. DEX combination attenuated the cytotoxicity for both proteasome inhibitors. All drug treatments caused a marked increase in K48 ubiquitination. Both CFZ and IXZ caused an upregulation in cellular and endoplasmic reticulum stress protein (HSP90, HSP70, GRP94, and GRP78) levels and DEX combination attenuated the increased stress protein levels. Importantly, IXZ and IXZ-DEX treatments caused upregulation of mitochondria fission and fusion gene expression levels higher than caused by CFZ and CFZ-DEX combination. The IXZ-DEX combination reduced the levels of OXPHOS proteins (Complex II-V) more than the CFZ-DEX combination. Reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production were detected with all drug treatments in cardiomyocytes. Our findings suggest that the cardiotoxic effect of proteasome inhibitors may be due to their class effect and stress response and mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved in the cardiotoxicity process
Numerical investigation of the effects of droplet number and horizontal distance on maximum spreading area and heat transfer performance
No full textÖzet: Damlacıkların katı bir yüzeye etki etmesi fenomeni çok sayıda endüstriyel uygulamalarda görülebilir. Damlacıkların sıcak bir yüzeyle ve/veya diğer damlacıklarla etkileşimleri durumunda bu fenomen daha karmaşık hale gelmektedir. Katı bir yüzeye çok sayıda damlacık çarptığında, damlacıkların çarpma koşulları ve aralarındaki mesafeye bağlı olarak bir etkileşim meydana gelir. Bu etkileşim nedeniyle bir katman yükselmesi oluşur ve yüzeyde damlacık başına daha az yayılma gerçekleşir. Dolayısıyla, ortaya çıkan hidrodinamik ve ısı transferi değişimleri tek damlacık etkileşimlerinden oldukça farklıdır. Sprey soğutma olgusunda meydana gelen fiziksel mekanizmaları anlama ve modelleme ile ilgili zorluklar, damlacıkların rastlantısallığından ve izlenemez davranışlarından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, karmaşık yapı basitleştirilerek çoklu damlacıkların etkileşimleri sıvıların hacmi (VOF) metodu kullanılarak sayısal olarak incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, damlacık sayısının ve damlacık çarpma koşullarının yüzeyden gerçekleşen ısı transferi performansına etkisini incelemektir.Abstract: The phenomenon of droplets impact on a solid surface can be seen in many industrial applications. This phenomenon becomes more complex when droplets interact with a hot surface and/or other droplets. After multiple droplet impingement on a solid surface, an interaction occurs depending on the impact conditions of the droplets and the distance between them. This interaction leads to an uprising layer which causes lesser spreading area per droplet on solid surface. The hydrodynamic outputs and heat transfer activities of the droplets are very distinct from single droplet cases due to this interaction. Difficulties in understanding and modeling the physical mechanisms that take place in the spray cooling phenomenon arise from the randomness and untraceable behavior of the droplets. Therefore, the complex structure has been simplified and the interactions of multiple droplets have been numerically investigated using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of droplet number and droplet impact conditions on the heat transfer performance from the surface