İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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Efficient path planning for drilling processes: The hybrid approach of a genetic algorithm and ant colony optimisation
No full textEfficiency in machining time during drilling is affected by various factors, with one key element being the machining path. Solving the machining path closely resembles the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). In this article, drilling on a sample model is simulated using a hybrid algorithm that is developed based on TSP. This hybrid algorithm (GACO) is created by combining the strengths of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO). Codes written to verify the stability of the algorithms were executed 10 times, and results were recorded indicating the shortest path and machining sequence. Accordingly, the performance of the hybrid GACO algorithm was observed to be 3.16% better than the ACO algorithm in terms of both total path length and total machining time. In terms of computation time, the ACO algorithm lagged behind the GACO algorithm by 6.46%. Furthermore, the hybrid GACO algorithm demonstrated enhanced performance in both total path length and total machining time when compared with the literature. This study aims to contribute to the industry, professionals, and practitioners in this field by providing cost and time savings
CBCT artifact evaluation in a single device: Insights and limitations
No full textObjective: To classify the types of artifacts in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to evaluate them according to age and gender. Methods: CBCT images of 1500 patients (766 males and 734 females) aged 5-92 (mean age: 40.89 ± 18.82 years) were retrospectively evaluated and the patients were categorized into 4 age groups: under 20 years old, 20-39 ages, 40-59 and over 60 years old. The types of artifacts encountered in CBCT images were classified. The relationship between the artifact types with age and gender were investigated. Chi-square test was applied to analyze the relationships between variables and distribution of parameters. Results: Of the cases, 284 (18.9%) were under the age of 20, 389 (25.9%) were between the ages of 20-39, 554 (36.9%) were between the ages of 40-59 and 273 (18.2%) were over the age of 60. Moire artifact was observed at the highest rate (100%), while motion artifact was determined at the lowest rate (19.5%), and no ring artifact was detected in the analyzed images. Metallic artifact, metallic artifact removal, streak artifact and presence of dark bands were found to be statistically significant in females (p = .002, p = .001, p = .002 and p = .002, respectively). There was no statistically significant correlation between cupping artifact, metallic artifact, metallic artifact removal, streak artifact, dark band and noise, and stitched artifact (p > .05). Conclusion: Both device and patient-based artifacts in CBCT images should be known, as well as the ways to prevent them
Yeni nesil kütüphaneler: Teknoloji ve yeniliklerle dönüşüm
No full textYeni nesil kütüphaneler, bilgiye erişim ve paylaşım süreçlerinde dijital teknolojilerin sağladığı olanaklarla önemli bir dönüşüm geçirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, teknoloji ve yeniliklerle şekillenen kütüphanelerin günümüzdeki değişen rolü ve işlevleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın temel amacı, teknolojik gelişmelerin kütüphane hizmetlerine olan etkisini ortaya koymak ve dijitalleşme sürecinin kütüphanelerin toplumsal katkısına nasıl yansıdığını analiz etmektir. Bu kapsamda "Kütüphaneler teknolojiyi nasıl entegre etmektedir?", "Yenilikçi uygulamalar kullanıcı deneyimini nasıl değiştirmektedir?" gibi sorulara odaklanılmıştır. Yöntem olarak, literatür taraması ile örnek olay incelemeleri yapılmış; mevcut uygulamalar arasından yapay zekâ destekli chatbotlar, robot asistanlar, gibi yenilikçi hizmetler örnek olarak ele alınmıştır. Bulgular, kütüphanelerin yalnızca bilgi sağlama değil, aynı zamanda kullanıcılarının sosyal, eğitsel ve kültürel ihtiyaçlarını karşılayan birer toplum merkezi olarak geliştiğini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, yeni nesil kütüphanelerin, dijitalleşen dünya ile uyum içinde gelişen bilgi merkezleri haline gelerek, bilgiye erişimden toplumsal faydaya kadar çok yönlü bir hizmet sunduğu tespit edilmiştir
Knowledge, attitude, practice about radiation safety of dental students
No full textAIM or PURPOSE The purpose of this questionnaire was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice among dental students about radiation safety in a dental school. MATERIALS and METHOD The third, fourth and fifth-grade students at the Altınbaş University Faculty of Dentistry were participated in the study. A questionnaire consisting of 9 multiple-choice, 15 true/false questions related to basic knowledge of radiation safety, and 7 true/false questions regarding practice and attitude was administered. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-squared test and Fisher Freeman Halton exact test. P values < 0.05 were accepted as statistically significant. RESULTS 164 students participated in the questionnaire and 32.9% of the participants were third-grade, 36% of them were fourth-grade, and 31.1% of them were fifth-grade students. 93.3% of the students answered ‘‘yes’’ to the principle of staying at least 3 meters away from the patient and using a lead apron during X-ray examination. The correct response rate to the question ‘‘What is the ALARA principle?’’ was significantly higher among 3rd-grade students (98.1%) compared to 4th-grade (88.1%) and 5th-grade students (86.3%) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION(S) It has been observed that students have sufficient knowledge about attitudes and practical applications regarding radiation safety and protection
Effect of biphenyl derivative of coumarin compounds photodynamic therapy on the expression of carcinoma-associated genes
No full textPhotodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment. Singlet oxygen is produced as a result of the photochemical reaction between light, photosensitizer (PS), and molecular oxygen, which kills cells. Colon cancer, affecting 1.23 million people worldwide, often requires surgery but has high recurrence and metastasis rates. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) repre-sents an alternative treatment for colon cancer. This study used MTT assays to evaluate cell viability and applied Zinc (II) Phthalocyanine (ZnPc) photosensitizers to the colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cell line to investigate cancer pathways via flow cytometry and q-PCR. The results showed that PDT with ZnPc significantly reduced cell viability in HT-29 cells and induced apoptosis at a rate of 53%. According to q-PCR results, CT values of ten out of thirty genes were significant, and their association with cancer was evaluated
Investigation of probiotic consumption frequency of individuals with and without insulin resistance diagnosis
No full textGünümüzde Tip 2 diyabet ve insülin direnci en büyük sağlık problemlerindendir. İnsülin direncinde beslenme alışkanlıkları oldukça önemlidir. Bağırsak mikrobiyotası ile birçok hastalığın ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Bunların birisi de insülin direncidir. Probiyotik ve liflten zengin gıdalarla beslenmenin açlık kan glukozunda, HbA1c’de ve insülin direncinde azalmalar görüldüğü literatür tarafından belirtilmektedir. İnsülin direnci tanısı olan ve olmayan bireylerin probiyotik tüketim sıklığının incelenmesi amaçlanarak bu çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma Ocak-Mayıs 2024 tarihleri arasında İstanbul ilinde Şişli Kolan International Hospital’da Endokrinoloji, İç Hastalıkları, Beslenme ve Diyet bölümüne başvuran 18-55 yaş arasında hekim tarafından insülin direnci tanısı alan ve almayan bireyler dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcı sayısı tahmini olarak 128 kişi olup, 64 kişi insülin direnci tanısı alan, 64 kişi insülin direnci tanısı almayan olarak planlanmıştır. Bu araştırmanın veri toplanmasında anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden gönüllü bireyler üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Anket formu 3 bölümden oluşmuştur. Formun birinci bölümünde katılımcı kişilerin kişisel bilgileri ve sosyodemografik bilgileri, ikinci bölümde beslenme alışkanlıkları ve gıda tüketim sıklıklarının tespitini içeren bir ölçüm tablosuna, üçüncü bölümde ise probiyotik gıda tüketim sıklıkları ve probiyotik tüketme durumlarını ölçmek amacı ile hazırlanan bir likert tipi tutum ölçeğine yer verilmiştir. Anketler yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların probiyotik besin tüketimi ve insülin direnci arasındaki ilişki saptanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi için "SPSS 25.00" istatistiksel veri analiz programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda şalgam suyu ve tereyağı tüketim sıklığının insülin direnci tanısı olmayan bireylerde daha fazla olduğu; turşu, biber salçası, nar ekşisi tüketim sıklığının ise insülin direnci tanısı olanlarda daha fazla olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Probiyotik katkılı gıdaların tüketim sıklığı sonuçlarında ise insülin direnci tanısı olan bireylerde daha fazla tüketildiği gözlemlenmiştir.Nowadays, Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance are among the most significant health issues. Dietary habits play a crucial role in insulin resistance. There is a known relationship between gut microbiota and various diseases, including insulin resistance. Literature indicates that consumption of probiotic and fiber-rich foods leads to reductions in fasting blood glucose, HbA1c levels, and insulin resistance. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of probiotic consumption among individuals with and without insulin resistance. The study was conducted from January to May 2024 at Şişli Kolan International Hospital in Istanbul, involving individuals aged 18-55 diagnosed and undiagnosed with insulin resistance by physicians specializing in Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, Nutrition, and Dietetics. The estimated number of participants was 128, with 64 diagnosed with insulin resistance and 64 without. Data collection utilized a questionnaire. The study was conducted on volunteers who agreed to participate. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: the first part gathered personal and sociodemographic information, the second part assessed dietary habits and food consumption frequencies, and the third part used a Likert-type attitude scale to measure probiotic food consumption frequencies and habits. The surveys were conducted through face-to-face interviews. The relationship between probiotic food consumption and insulin resistance among participants was examined. Statistical analysis was performed using "SPSS 25.00." The study concluded that consumption frequencies of turnip juice and butter were higher among individuals without insulin resistance, while pickles, pepper paste, and pomegranate syrup were more frequently consumed by those diagnosed with insulin resistance. Probiotic-enriched foods were observed to be consumed more frequently by individuals diagnosed with insulin resistance based on the results of consumption frequency
Nexuses between leadership dynamics & employees’engagement: Mediating role of self-efficacy
No full textThe primary aim of this research is to investigate the effect of despotic and transformational leadership on employee engagement through mediating role of self-efficacyas the researchers used quantitative research methods. The population of this research includes managerial-level employees of the banking sector in Pakistan.The sample-size of the current study was 350 managerial-level employees working in the conventional banks in Pakistan. The researcher used a questionnaire to collect data from respondents. The findings indicated that despotic leadership has a significant and negative effect on employee engagement. Furthermore, the findings indicated that transformational leadership has significant and positive effect on employee engagement. Moreover, the self-efficacy mediates the relationshipbetween despotic leadership &employee engagement. Lastly, self-efficacy mediates relationship amidtransformational leadership andemployee engagement. The findings of study are consistent with the findings of previous research and have implications for managers and other relevant stakeholdersalong with certin clues for future researchers for revisiting the research issues in different contexts
Effects of blending linseed biodiesel into the fuel used in a single cylinder diesel engine
No full textIn many countries around the world, internal combustion engines are still used in transport and other sectors. The search for alternative fuels continues because the environmental damage caused by exhaust emissions increases with the length of time combustion engines are used. On the other hand, the depletion of oil resources and the increase in fuel prices are causing economic problems. In this study, 10% linseed biodiesel was blended with diesel fuel used in a single-cylinder internal combustion diesel engine, and its effects on the engine characteristics were investigated. According to the results obtained from the experiments, it was observed that linseed biodiesel added to diesel caused a slight increase in carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbon levels in exhaust emissions, while engine power and fuel consumption remained almost at the same level. It is expected that these results from the experiments will contribute to the evaluation of various studies on biodiesel in the future
Dijital tarama parçası materyalinin ve mukoza modifikasyon tekniğinin çoklu implantlarla dişsiz arkların dijital ölçülerinin doğruluğuna etkisi
No full textAim: The aim of current research is to evaluate the effect of scanbody material and additional reference markers in the form of artificial landmarks on the accuracy of digital impressions of edentulous arches with multiple implants. Material and Methods: A model of an edentulous maxilla with six implants (BLT, RC, Institut Straumann, AG) was used as master model. PEEK and PMMA scanbodies were screwed on the implants and digital impressions were obtained with an intraoral scanner (TRIOS4, 3Shape). Reference markers made of flowable composite (C), gingival barrier material (GB), scannable silicone (S) were placed on the edentulous spaces and impressions were obtained. The master model was digitalized with an extraoral highresolution reference scanner. Deviations of the predetermined points and inter-implant distances were calculated by using superimpositining technique. Results: Inter-implant distance measurements showed that PEEK scanbodies demonstrated better precision than PMMA scanbodies, (p<.001). In the subgroups, also PEEK groups were more accurate than PMMA groups (p<.001). Kruskal-Wallis test also showed statistical difference in deviations of the predetermined points among the groups in precision (p<.001). Addition of markers did not influence the precision and trueness in PEEK groups but in PMMA groups both in distance measurements and predetermined point deviations. Conclusion: Addition of reference markers does not make any significance in the accuracy of digital impressions when PEEK scanbodies are used. PMMA seems not to be an alternative material as scanbody material, addition of markers is needed.Amaç: Dental implantların dijital ölçüleri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır ve dişsiz çenelerin tam ark taramaları için tek ve kısmi dişsiz boşluklara göre daha düşük doğruluk sonuçları vermektedir. Mevcut araştırmanın amacı, çoklu implantlı dişsiz arkların dijital ölçülerinin doğruluğu üzerinde, tarama gövdesi malzemesinin ve ek referans alanlarının etkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ana model olarak altı implantlı (BLT, RC, Institut Straumann, AG) dişsiz bir maksilla modeli kullanılmıştır. PEEK ve PMMA tarama gövdeleri implantlara yerleştirilmiş ve bir ağız içi tarayıcı (TRIOS4, 3Shape) ile dijital ölçüler alınmıştır. Dişsiz boşluklara akışkan kompozit (C), dişeti bariyer materyali (GB), taranabilir silikondan (S) yapılmış referans işaretleyiciler yerleştirilmiş ve ölçüler alınmıştır. Ana model, yüksek çözünürlüklü bir referans tarayıcı ile dijitalleştirilmiştir. Önceden belirlenen noktaların sapmaları ve implantlar arası mesafeler çakıştırma tekniği kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Çoklu karşılaştırmaları belirlemek için Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis-H testi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: İmplantlar arası mesafe ölçümleri, PEEK tarama gövdelerinin PMMA tarama gövdelerinden daha iyi hassasiyet gösterdiğini göstermiştir (Ortalama sapmalar; PEEK: 40±4 mµ, PMMA: 127±6 mµ, p<,001). Alt gruplarda da PEEK grupları PMMA gruplarına göre daha doğru sonuçlar vermiştir (p<,001). Kruskal-Wallis testi de kesinlikte gruplar arasında önceden belirlenmiş noktaların sapmalarında istatistiksel olarak farklılık göstermiştir (p<,001). Ek referans alanlarının eklenmesi, PEEK gruplarında ölçünün kesinliği ve doğruluğu etkilememiştir. Sonuç: PEEK tarama gövdeleri kullanıldığında, referans işaretçilerin eklenmesi dijital ölçülerin doğruluğunda herhangi bir anlam ifade etmemektedir. PMMA, tarama gövdesi malzemesi olarak alternatif bir malzeme gibi görünmüyor, ek referans alanlarının eklenmesi gerekmektedir. Ancak farklı tarama teknolojileri ile daha ileri çalışmalar yapılmalıdır
Can mineral water be a safe alternative in sports parameters and sustainable health to energy and sports drinks for adolescent athletes?
No full textEnergy and sports drinks (ESDs) are frequently consumed for improved hy dration and sports performance by athletes in various branches, including fencing, road cycling, football, tennis, handball, and rugby. Statista Con sumer Market Insights data declared that the global revenue of the ener gy and sports drinks (ESDs) industry was 195,74 billion U.S. dollars in 2023. Moreover, the total revenue was projected to increase by 24.05% between 2024 and 2029 (1). However, the ESD consumption routine may become a health concern in the future, particularly in adolescent athletes. Excessive consumption of ESDs is related to dental erosion, tooth decay, obesity, type II diabetes, and several chronic disorders due to their high sugar content and low pH levels. Therefore, alternative solutions with high pH levels, sufficient minerals, and low sugar content must be found. This review discusses the effect of natural mineral waters (NMWs) on sports parameters and sustain able health compared to ESDs for adolescent athletes. In this context, relat ed publications in the last 30 years have been obtained from Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed databases. Scientific literature was evaluated in terms of sports parameters, dental health, and risk of chronic disease development. Firstly, NMWs can contribute to rehydration, improved acid-base balance, and relieving muscle fatigue post-exercise. However, more evidence is re quired to impact performance directly. Secondly, NMWs with high pH and fluoride content may be safer for dental health than ESDs. Lastly, the con sumption of non-sweetened NMWs does not result in obesity, but it may cause hypertension and urological diseases. In conclusion, consumption of ESDs or NMWs alone is insufficient for sports performance and sustainable health. Therefore, the effects of combined consumption of ESDs and NMWs on adolescent athletes should be investigated in the future, and their optimal consumption amounts for sustainable health should be determined