İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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Üniversite kütüphanelerinde yeni yaklaşımlar: Yapay zekâ kütüphaneciliği
No full textThe aim of this study is to examine the changes in the duties and respon sibilities of librarians with the use of artificial intelligence in university libraries and to evaluate the effects of these changes on the librarianship profession. In this context, how artificial intelligence has transformed the librarianship profession, the opportunities and challenges librarians will face in adapting to new technologies, and the skills they need to acquire in this process will be examined. The study covers librarians working in university libraries and artificial intelligence technologies applied in libraries. The design of the research was created using the descriptive analysis method. The effects of artificial intelligence applications in libraries were detailed through the literature review method, academic articles, notifications, books, and websites. The data were examined using thematic analysis method and main themes and sub-themes were determined. The research findings show that generative artificial intelligence applications provide significant changes in data management, user services, and information access processes in libraries. These changes expand the duties of librarians and require them to acquire new skills. In particular, data analytics, machine learning, and digital archive management are among the basic skills of new-generation librarians. As a result, generative artificial intelligence technologies are creating new formations in the librarianship profession. It has been determined that librarians need to constantly renew themselves and adapt to technologies such as artificial intelligence to keep up with rapidly developing technologies. In this process, it has become a critical necessity for librarians to build their continuous learning and adaptation skills.Bu çalışmanın amacı, yapay zekânın üniversite kütüphanelerinde kullanılmasıyla birlikte kütüphanecilerin ğörev ve sorumluluklarında meydana gelen değişimleri incele mek ve bu değişimlerin kütüphanecilik mesleğine etkilerini değerlendirmektir. Bu kap samda, yapay zekânın kütüphanecilik mesleğini nasıl dönüştürdüğü, kütüphanecilerin yeni teknolojilere uyum sağlamada karşılaşacakları fırsatlar ve zorluklar ile bu süreçte edinmeleri gereken beceriler incelenecektir. Çalışma, üniversite kütüphanelerinde ğörev yapan kütüphanecileri ve kütüphanelerde uygulanan yapay zekâ teknolojilerini kapsa maktadır. Araştırmanın deseni, betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Li teratür incelemesi yöntemiyle, akademik makaleler, bildiriler, kitaplar ve web siteleri üzerinden yapay zekâ uygulamalarının kütüphanelerdeki etkileri detaylandırılmıştır. Ve riler, tematik analiz yöntemi ile incelenerek ana temalar ve alt temalar belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları, üretken yapay zekâ uygulamalarının kütüphanelerde veri yöne timi, kullanıcı hizmetleri ve bilgiye erişim süreçlerinde önemli değişimler sağladığını ğöstermektedir. Bu değişimler, kütüphanecilerin ğörevlerini genişletmekte ve yeni bece riler kazanmalarını ğerektirmektedir. Özellikle veri analitiği, makine öğrenimi ve dijital arşiv yönetimi, yeni nesil kütüphanecilerin temel becerileri arasına girmektedir. Sonuç olarak, üretken yapay zekâ teknolojileri, kütüphanecilik mesleğinde yeni oluşumları or taya çıkarmaktadır. Kütüphanecilerin, hızla gelişen teknolojilere ayak uydurabilmeleri için kendilerini sürekli yenilemeleri ve yapay zekâ ğibi teknolojilere uyum sağlamaları gerektiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu süreçte, kütüphanecilerin sürekli öğrenme ve adaptasyon becerilerini geliştirmeleri kritik bir gereklilik haline gelmiştir
Dental shade assessment via various digital photograph parameters: A pilot study
No full textOBJECTIVES: Accurate shade matching is essential for successful restorative and prosthodontic dental treatments. Various methods, including visual, digital, and spectrophotometric techniques, have been utilized for shade selection. However, there is limited data regarding the optimal photographic parameters that yield the most accurate shade matching in digital photography. This pilot study aims to evaluate color differences arising from variations in photographic parameters -specifically camera aperture and ISO-while maintaining a constant shutter speed of 1/125. MATERIALS-METHODS: Spectrophotometric shade analysis (VITA Easyshade) was performed ten times on the maxillary right central incisor of a subject and the A1 tab from the VITA Classical shade guide before photography. A total of 12 digital images were captured using a DSLR camera (Canon EOS 850D) equipped with a 100 mm macro lens and ring flash (without polarized filter). The photographic parameters included a constant shutter speed (1/125 s), varying aperture values (f/11, f/13,f/22, f/32), and ISO values (100,160,200). Colorimetric evaluations were conducted using Adobe Photoshop, analyzing CIE Lab* coordinates and calculating ΔE values. RESULTS: The lowest ∆E value was recorded with ISO 200, f/32 aperture, and 1/125 shutter speed in the tooth group (5.41 ± 1.92), while the highest ∆E value was obtained with ISO 100, f/11 aperture, and 1/250 shutter speed in the shade guide group (62.14 ± 3.90). The digital photographic ∆E values mostly remained within the clinically unacceptable threshold (ΔE > 2.7 and ≤ 5.4). CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this pilot study, digital photography alone for shade selection remains inconclusive.Further studies are warranted to comprehensively compare shade-matching accuracy using digital photography
Cytotoxic and anti-migratory effects of polyphenolic compounds on breast cancer cells by altering Jam-A, LFA-1, and VLA-4 gene expression
No full textThis study represents the initial research of the effects of a com bination of the largest number (13) of different polyphenic sub stances (PFK5120), formulated based on the propolis content on cell viability, migration and expression of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) and junction adhesion molecule A (Jam-A) in breast cancer (BC) cells. PFK5120 negatively affected cell viability at a 5% concentra tion as compared with unexposed ones (p<0.001). Treatment with 20% PFK5120 for 48h down-regulated Jam-A in MCF-7 and MCF-10A, up-regulated LFA-1 in MCF-10A and MDA-MB-231, and down-regulated VLA-4 in MCF-10A and MDA-MB-231 (p<0.001). Furthermore, migration was found to be inhibited by PFK5120 at varying doses and times. Migration was completely inhibited by 35% PFK5120 treatment in MDA-MB-231, while even lower concen trations (10%) were effective in MCF-7. Current findings indicate that PFK5120 represents a valuable natural component of BC ther apy through its cytotoxic and anti-migratory effects.The study was supported by the Istanbul University Research Fund (project number 27649)
Integrating occupational health and safety into enterprise risk management: A structural evaluation
No full textIntroduction: This study aims to investigate the extent to which Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risks can be incorporated into the broader framework of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM). Although both systems were developed with similar goals-identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks-they have often operated independently. The research explores whether aligning OHS practices with ERM strategies, particularly through internal audit mechanisms, can foster a more unified and efficient approach to organizational risk management.Method: A qualitative document analysis was conducted, examining current national legislation, international standards such as ISO 31000 (Risk Management) and ISO 45001 (Occupational Health and Safety), and selected academic studies. The evaluation focused on structural similarities, procedural intersections, and the functional roles of personnel involved in ERM, Internal Audit (IA), and OHS processes.The analysis revealed a substantial convergence between ERM and OHS in terms of risk identification techniques, prevention-based methodologies, and monitoring processes. The responsibilities of internal auditors and occupational safety specialists display notable overlaps, particularly in areas such as compliance, documentation, hazard assessment, and performance reporting. These parallels support the feasibility of integrating OHS risk management into the ERM structure.For a more effective and holistic approach to enterprise-level risk governance, it is essential to include occupational health and safety risks within the ERM framework. This integration would not only streamline risk management activities but also enhance audit efficiency and organizational resilience. Establishing a closer operational relationship between OHS units and internal audit systems would contribute to safer working environments and more strategic risk oversight
Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of paracetamol in combination with various antimicrobials
No full textBackground and Aims: In recent years, very few new antimicrobial agents have been approved and used for the treatment of infectious diseases. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is one of the nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs with analgesic and antipyretic effects, which is frequently preferred and used safely in our country and in many other countries. In addition, because it is the most frequently prescribed drug after antibiotics and is often administered with antimicrobial therapy, understanding the interactions between these two drug classes is extremely important for drug repurposing. Methods: For this purpose, the effects of paracetamol alone or in combination with various antimicrobial agents and their activities on adhesion and biofilm formation were investigated against various standard bacteria and yeasts. Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration of paracetamol against standard strains was found 10,000 μg/mL, and the minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations were found 10,000 - > 20,000 μg/mL. Cefepime and paracetamol combinations against Escherichia coli and Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and gentamicin and paracetamol combinations against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii showed synergistic effect. No antagonism was observed. According to the biofilm adhesion and formation inhibition assays, it was found that paracetamol was more effective against gram-negative bacteria than gram-positive bacteria and yeasts. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study proved that paracetamol, which is one of the most common analgesic and antipyretic agents in clinical use for many years, has antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity and can show synergistic effect in combination with various antibiotics
Effect of test parameters on the recovery of underground after a Thermal Response Test and optimum waiting time between tests
No full textThermal Response Test (TRT) is an important method to determine the thermal properties of underground. These tests can be interrupted by unexpected reasons and a new test must be started in the same borehole, or the test must be repeated because of various reasons. In this paper, optimum waiting duration for a second test after a completed TRT is investigated through analyzing thermal behavior of a borehole during and after the test. A computational model is built, and it is verified with an experimental test. After the verification, the numerical model is used further parametric investigations. Different cases are considered and the results are discussed. The effect of thermal conductivity and test duration on the minimum waiting times are also investigated. It is shown that optimum waiting duration depends highly on the test conditions, however it varies between 10 and 23 days
The impact of shariah governance, risk management and financial innovation upon performance: organizational agility as mediator
No full textThis study examined the impact of Shariah governance, risk management, and financial innovation on performance of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) in Pakistan, with a specific focus on mediating role of organizational agility. A quantitative research design was employed, and data were collected through structured questionnaire from 300 managers of Islamic banks across Pakistan. The findings, analyzed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), revealed that Shariah governance and risk management had a significant effect upon IFI performance, while financial innovation exhibited moderate yet positive impact. Moreover, organizational agility partially mediated relationships, indicating that agility played crucial role in enhancing effectiveness of governance, risk management & innovation in driving performance. These results offer valued insights for policymakers and Islamic financial institutions, emphasizing the need for robust Shariah governance frameworks, proactive risk management strategies & continuous financial innovation to sustain and enhance institutional performance. This study donates to literature by integrating organizational agility as mediator, offering novel perspective on how Shariah governance, risk management, and financial innovation collectively enhance performance of Islamic financial institutions
Evaluation of the effects of structural differences observed in the lingual frenulum in children on the perioral structure
No full textBu çalışma, karışık dişlenme dönemindeki çocuklarda lingual frenulum morfolojisinin yutkunma, solunum, maloklüzyon ve postür gibi stomatognatik sistem fonksiyonları üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Kesitsel tasarıma sahip bu araştırmaya 7–12 yaş toplam 170 çocuk dahil edilmiştir. Lingual frenulum morfolojik ve fonksiyonel özellikleri Marchesan Lingual Frenulum Protokolü (MLFP) ile değerlendirilmiş ek olarak Orofasiyal fonksiyonlar Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores (OMES) ve Expanded OMES (OMES-E) protokollerinden uyarlanan solunum, mental kas aktivitesi, yutkunma bölümleri uygulanmıştır. Üst hava yolu açıklığı ve olası obstrüktif riskler Mallampati skoru ve Brodsky skalası kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Maloklüzyon değerlendirmesi klinik muayene ile yapılmış, postüral analizler ise New York Postür Skalası (NYPS) esas alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uyku alışkanlıkları ise standart anket formu aracılığıyla kaydedilmiştir. İstatistiksel analizlerde gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar için uygun parametrik ve non-parametrik testler kullanılmış, anlamlılık düzeyi p0,05). Buna karşın yutkunma sırasında dudak (p=0,012) ve dil davranışlarındaki (p=0,002) işlev bozuklukları ile maloklüzyon varlığı (p=0,010) değişmiş frenulum grubunda anlamlı olarak daha yüksektir. Çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizlerinde, yutkunma sırasında dudak davranışındaki işlev bozukluğu için mental kas aktivitesi (OR=32,378; p0.05). However, functional impairments in lip (p=0.012) and tongue movements (p=0.002) during swallowing, as well as the presence of malocclusion (p=0.010), were significantly higher in the altered frenulum group. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, mental muscle activity (OR=32.378; p<0.001), breathing pattern (OR=18.704; p<0.001), and altered frenulum according to the overall score (OR=3.894; p=0.010) were found to be independent risk factors for lip behavior dysfunction during swallowing. Breathing disorder (OR=5.249; p<0.001) and altered frenulum according to the overall score (OR=2.513; p=0.015) were found to be independent risk factors for tongue behavior disorders during swallowing. This study demonstrated that lingual frenulum morphology and function may be associated with oral functions such as speech, xii swallowing, and respiration, as well as parameters that may be indirectly affected by orofacial dysfunction, such as malocclusion and posture. The findings demonstrate that the anatomical, functional, and physiological integrity of the stomatognathic system cannot be ignored, and oral dysfunctions should be evaluated holistically with a multidisciplinary approach
Colorectal cancers and microsatellite instability
No full textColorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease arising from the complex interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental influences. Despite its widespread incidence globally, CRC demon strates favorable prognostic outcomes when detected at an early stage. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a common molecular abnormality associated with colorectal tumorigenesis. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the molecular mechanisms, clinical implications, therapeutic approaches, and immune system interactions in MSI-associated CRC (MSI-CRC). Molecular changes include DNA slippage, dysfunction in the DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) system, and genetic/epigenetic factors that contribute to MSI. Clinically, MSI-CRC is characterized by distinct phenotypic features, including associations with Lynch syndrome, specific diagnostic methodologies, and prognostic relevance. The therapeutic landscape highlights the promising efficacy of immunotherapies and targeted treatments, particularly in dMMR–MSI-H-CRC. Immune dynamics within the tumor microenvironment (TME) reveal patterns of immune infiltration, immune evasion strategies, and opportunities to enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Understanding these interrelated aspects is critical for developing tai lored therapeutic strategies and improving patient outcomes in MSI-CR
İnhalasyon yolu ile alınan ksenobiyotiklerle olan zehirlenmelerde antidot kullanımı
No full textIndustrialization, pesticides, and widespread chemical use have increased the risk of inhalational poisonings. These exposures can cause severe respiratory and systemic effects, yet specific antidotes are not available for all agents. Where available, timely administration of antidotes can be lifesaving. The article reviews antidotes employed in poisonings resulting from inhaled toxic substances, with a focus on their pharmaceutical structures, clinical applications, and adverse effects. Atropine and pralidoxime are used for nerve agents and organophosphate/carbamate poisonings; hydroxocobalamin, sodium nitrite, and thiosulfate for cyanide exposure; naloxone for opioid aerosols; and chelating agents (DMSA, DMPS, BAL, CaNa₂EDTA) for mercury and lead vapors. Conversely, no specific antidote exists for agents such as ammonia, ozone, formaldehyde, methane, and anesthetic gases.Sanayileşme, tarımsal ilaçlar ve kimyasal ajanların yaygın kullanımı inhalasyon yoluyla zehirlenmeleri artırmıştır. Bu zehirlenmeler ciddi solunumsal ve sistemik etkilerle seyredebilir, ancak her toksik ajanın antidotu bulunmamaktadır. Antidot mevcut olan zehirlenmelerde erken ve doğru kullanım hayat kurtarıcıdır. Bu yazıda inhalasyonla alınan toksik maddelerle zehirlenmelerde kullanılan antidotlar ele alınmış; farmasötik yapıları, klinik kullanımları ve yan etkileri incelenmiştir. Atropin ve pralidoksim sinir ajanları ile organofosfat/karbamat zehirlenmelerinde; hidroksikobalamin, sodyum nitrit ve tiosülfat siyanür maruziyetinde; nalokson opioid aerosollerinde; şelatör ajanlar (DMSA, DMPS, BAL, CaNa₂EDTA) cıva ve kurşun buharlarında kullanılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte amonyak, ozon, formaldehit, metan ve anestezik gazlar gibi birçok ajan için spesifik antidot mevcut değildir