İstanbul Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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Retrospective evaluation of osteomeatal complex variations and maxillary sinus pathologies in mouth-breathing children with cone-beam computed tomograph
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, ağız solunumu yapan çocuk ve genç yetişkinlerde osteomeatal kompleks (OMK) varyasyonları ile maksiller sinüs patolojileri arasındaki ilişkiyi diş hekimliği alanında yaygın olarak kullanılan radyolojik görüntüleme yöntemlerinden biri olan konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi (KIBT) ile retrospektif olarak değerlendirmektir. Yöntemler: 7-18 yaş aralığında yaşları değişen 39’u (%59,1) erkek ve 27’si (%40,9) kadın olan 66 hastanın sağ-sol toplam 132 KIBT görüntüleri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Nazal septal deviasyon (NSD), nazal septal pnömatizasyon (NSP), konka bülloza, aksesuar maksiller ostium (AMO), Agger nazi hücresi, Haller hücresi, Onodi hücresi, etmoid bulla ve maksiller sinüs patolojilerinin varlığı araştırıldı. Maksiller sinüs patolojileri sınıflandırıldı. OMK varyasyonlarının birbirleriyle ve maksiller sinüs patolojileriyle olan ilişkisi incelendi. Değişkenlerin birbiriyle ilişkileri ve parametrelerin dağılımını analiz etmek için Fisher’s Exact, Ki-Kare testi ve Continuity (Yates) düzeltmesi kullanıldı. Bulgular: OMK’nin anatomik varyasyonları ile maksiller sinüs patolojilerinin dağılımı istatistiksel olarak incelendiğinde hem sağ tarafta hem de sol tarafta en sık rastlanan varyasyonlar etmoid bulla (%86,8) ile unsinat bulla (%66,7) bulunmuştur. Maksiller sinüs patolojilerinin dağılımı sağ ve sol taraf olarak incelendiğinde sağ tarafta %45,5 oranıyla en sık lokalize mukozal kalınlaşma ve en az ise %4,5 ile yaygın mukozal kalınlaşma olarak saptanmıştır. Sol tarafta ise %35 ile en sık lokalize mukozal kalınlaşma ve lokalize opasifikasyon en az ise %10 ile total opasifikasyon gözlenmiştir. Maksiller sinüs patolojisi ile OMK’nin anatomik varyasyonları arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde; sağ tarafta maksiller sinüs patolojisi ile anatomik varyasyonlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0,05).Sol tarafta ise maksiller sinüs patolojisi ile sadece AMO arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (p0.05). On the left side, only a statistically significant relationship was found between maxillary sinus pathology and AMO (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study has revealed a significant correlation between OMC variations and maxillary sinus pathology in several parameters among children and young adults who breathe through their mouths. These findings have the potential to significantly impact clinical practice, as they highlight the importance of considering changes in the nasal passage and airway when evaluating patients with maxillary sinus pathologies. It is believed that in this cohort of patients, the development of anatomical variations in the ostiomeatal complex (OMC) may be influenced by these changes and can potentially obstruct the drainage of the maxillary sinus, leading to the onset of related pathologies in that area
Early period survival and neurologic prognosis in newborns with perinatal asphyxia: A tertiary center experience and a mortality chart
No full textBackground: Clinicians require more data regarding mortality and brain damage risk factors in perinatal asphyxia. Objectives: To assess early term outcomes and identify mortality risk factors in perinatal asphyxia. Methods: This study was conducted in a referral-center tertiary intensive care unit in Istanbul, Turkey, between 2016 and 2023. We included all patients who underwent therapeutic hypothermia treatment due to perinatal asphyxia. We recorded laboratory follow-up data, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, amplitude-integrated electroencephalograms (aEEG) results, mortality, and clinical outcomes. Both conventional frequentist statistical methods and Bayesian methods were used for analysis. Results: A total of 164 patients were included in the study, with an overall mortality rate of 9.8%. Risk factors for mortality included LDH, troponin I, INR, lactate, 2nd day creatinine, voltage anomalies, seizures, and male gender, as well as APGAR scores. A basic chart for mortality prediction was developed. The Sarnat score showed strong evidence, and APGAR 1 showed anecdotal evidence for association with brain damage, although brain damage was independent of laboratory results and other clinical findings, based on moderate and anecdotal evidence from Bayesian calculations. Cranial MRI findings revealed profound damage in 14.8% of Sarnat 1, 21.8% of Sarnat 2, and 50% of Sarnat 3 patients. Conclusions: This study presents prognostic factors for survival and brain damage in perinatal asphyxia. We recommend obtaining cranial MRI for all patients diagnosed with asphyxia, as most laboratory tests were independent of brain damage. Given that profound brain damage can occur even in Sarnat stage I patients, we emphasize the importance of therapeutic hypothermia for these patients
Psychological impact of the February 6 earthquake on displaced individuals with proximal loss residing in temporary shelters
No full textThe present study examines the psychological effects of the earthquake that occurred in Turkey on 6 February 2023 on individuals residing in temporary shelters who have experienced losses in their immediate surroundings. The objective of the present research is to elucidate the relationships between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and the subjective impact of the traumatic event. Nine months following the disaster, a survey was conducted among 923 adults aged 25 to 60 residing in temporary shelters in Antakya. Participants completed a series of validated and reliable measurement tools, including the DSM-5 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Impact of Events Scale (IES). The findings indicate significant and positive correlations between PTSD and all other variables, including the impact of the event, depression and anxiety. The multiple regression analysis revealed that these three variables significantly predicted PTSD symptoms and collectively explained 41% of the variance in PTSD levels. This study emphasizes the cumulative psychological impact of forced displacement and close losses on individuals and underscores the pressing need for culturally sensitive and trauma-informed mental health services in post-disaster intervention processes. The findings contribute to the understanding of trauma dynamics in post-disaster communities and guide the development of targeted mental health policies and psychosocial support programs
Insufficient impact of the aldose reductase inhibitor cemtirestat on the skeletal system in type 2 diabetic rat model
No full textCemtirestat, a multi-target drug combining aldose reductase inhibition with antiox idant properties, is considered a promising therapeutic agent for chronic diabetic complications. Current evidence suggests that long-standing diabetes adversely affects skeletal health, leading to diabetic bone disease. As the impact of cemtirestat on the skeletal system in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still unknown, our study first investigated its effect on impaired bone health in Zucker dia betic fatty (ZDF) rats. Adult rats were divided into four groups: L (untreated lean ZDF rats), D (untreated obese ZDF rats), DT2.5 (obese ZDF rats treated with 2.5mg/kg/ day cemtirestat), and DT7.5 (obese ZDF rats treated with 7.5mg/kg/day cemtirestat), with cemtirestat treatment lasting 2 months. Group D had increased levels of plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, alkaline phos phatase, alanine aminotransferase, C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen, greater body weight, femoral weight, structure model index, reduced cortical bone volume fraction, cortical bone thickness, trabecular bone volume fraction, and trabecular thickness compared to group L. Cemtirestat supplementation only elevated plasma phosphate levels in group DT2.5, trabecular bone volume fraction and trabecu lar thickness in group DT7.5, but the treatment had no effect on other parameters demonstrated in ZDF rats by macroscopic analysis, micro-CT cortical bone analysis, and mechanical testing. These findings indicate that the efficacy of cemtirestat in restoring deteriorated bone health caused by T2DM is not substantiated due to its insufficient effect on the skeletal system in the ZDF rat model
Management of neuroleptic malignant syndrome induced by paliperidone: A case report of multidisciplinary treatment approaches, including apomorphine and electroconvulsive therapy
No full textA 34-year-old female patient with a history of bipolar affective disorder, who had been receiving paliperidone 100 mg monthly and biperiden 3 mg daily for the past two years, was admitted to the emergency department with a three-day history of fever, altered consciousness, dysphagia, mutism, rigidity, inability to walk, inability to speak, and vacant, meaningless stares. It was noted that her last paliperidone injection was administered 12 days before the hospitalization. Vital signs revealed a fever of 38.1°C, mild tachycardia, and normal blood pressure. Laboratory tests indicated leukocytosis and an elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) level of 1098 U/L (normal range: 39-308 U/L), suggesting muscle breakdown. Neurological examination revealed excessive sweating, confusion, rigidity, and dysphagia. A written informed consent was obtained from the patient
Impact of obesity on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes: Five-year trends of Turkish nationwide survEy of glycemic and other Metabolic parameters of patients with Diabetes (TEMD Obesity Study, 2017-2022)
No full textBackground: Türkiye has the highest obesity prevalence in Europe. Obesity not only causes type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but also impairs glycemic control in patients with T2DM. There is insufficient information about the demographic and clinical differences between individuals with T2DM who are living with or without obesity. Objectives: The second TEMD survey across Türkiye investigated the latest overweight and obesity prevalence in patients with T2DM. The present study evaluated the five-year changes in the prevalence, factors associated with an obesity diagnosis and the association between obesity and metabolic control. Methods: Patients under follow-up in tertiary units specialized for diabetes care were consecutively enrolled. The sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical variables were recorded. Metabolic targets were defined as HbA1c <7%, home arterial blood pressure (ABP)<135/85 mmHg, or LDL-C<100 mg/dL or <70 mg/dL or <55 mg/dL according to the risk factors or complications of patients. Metabolic target attainment rates were investigated across normal-weight, overweight and obesity body mass index (BMI) classes. Results: The TEMD Obesity Study enrolled 4935 patients with T2DM (age 58.9±10.1 years; women 59.8%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 33.4% and 55.1%, respectively. Obesity was more frequent in women with T2DM than men (66.2% vs. 38.1%; p=<0.001). From 2017 to 2022, the obesity rate decreased from 59.0% to 55.1%, while the overweight rate increased from 31.0% to 33.4%. As BMI class increased, the achievement of three metabolic targets decreased while the incidence of microvascular complications rose. Significant associations were found between obesity and sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, education level) and lifestyle measures (diet, exercise, smoking) in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: The TEMD Obesity study showed a decrease in obesity rates among patients with T2DM between 2017 and 2022. Also, the findings suggest that obesity poses an important barrier to the achievement of metabolic goals.TEMD Obezite Araştırması, Türk Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği tarafından finanse edilmiştir.
The TEMD Obesity Study was funded by the Turkish Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Women’s experiences of breastfeeding during pregnancy: A Turkish descriptive study
No full textBackground Breastfeeding is generally terminated when the mother becomes pregnant again within two years because there is no clear consensus on how to manage breastfeeding during pregnancy. Additionally, health professionals may not have accurate information about this issue. This study aimed to determine women’s attitudes towards breastfeeding during pregnancy and why they stopped breastfeeding when they became pregnant. Methods This study is a descriptive one, involving pregnant mothers with a breastfeeding infant under 2 years old (n=101). The participants were followed up regarding those who had given birth to a new child and chosen the BDP. The researchers surveyed them after birth. The data were collected using a survey form that included a total of 26 questions created by the researchers, which aligned with the existing literature. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included information about maternal, neonatal, and obstetrical data, as well as breastfeeding experience and problems encountered during pregnancy. Data were handled and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics v22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results The mean age of the mothers was 29.3 years (SD±4.9), gravidity was 3.2 (SD±1.7), and parity was 2.5 (SD±1.1). The mean age of the breastfed children was 12.6 months (SD±5.3) when the mothers became pregnant again. The reasons for stopping breastfeeding were professional advice (35%, n=34), their own decision (30%, n=30), believing that breastfeeding could have adverse effects on the unborn baby, and social pressure (16%). Only 5% (n=5) of mothers continued breastfeeding between 7 and 9 months after pregnancy. Conclusions Our results indicate that when a mother wishes to breastfeed during pregnancy, providing breastfeeding counseling by healthcare professionals with accurate information is essential to sustain lactation and maintain the well-being of the breastfeeding child without harm to the unborn baby
Diş hekimliği, tıp ve eczacılık öğrencilerinin ağız sağlığı ile ilgili tutum, bilgi ve davranışları: Kesitsel araştırma
No full textObjective: There is lack of sufficient published data in Türkiye to describe and compare the knowledge and attitudes of students from various faculties regarding their oral healthcare. Aim of this research was to assess and compare self-reported attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors related to oral health among cohort of dentistry, medicine, and pharmacy students, with purpose of increasing awareness of oral and dental health among participants themselves and indirectly within their social circles. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 354 preclinical students from the faculties of dentistry (n=127), medicine (n=113), and pharmacy (n=114). 28-question survey adapted from previous studies assessed oral health attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors. Survey was administered during scheduled class hours to ensure high response rate and consistent participation. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics, with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test applied to assess distribution, and KruskalWallis, Mann-Whitney U, chi-square tests used for group comparisons. Results: Satisfaction with teeth colour and appearance of smiles in photographs showed similar results across all groups. Female students exhibited significantly higher sensitivity towards daily brushing, flossing, and mouthwash usage, while male students were more inclined towards smoking (p<0.05). Dentistry students, in particular, demonstrated clear preference for sugarfree chewing gum. Brushing technique held greater importance for dentistry participants compared to other groups. Additionally, individuals with knowledge about interdental cleaning aids were more prevalent in dentistry group. Conclusion: The finding that awareness among dentistry students is higher than that of students from other faculties is noteworthy, as dentistry students receive coursework in the same field.Amaç: Türkiye'de, öğrencilerin ağız ve diş sağlığı hakkındaki bilgi ve tutumlarını tanımlayıp karşılaştıracak yeterli yayımlanmış veri bulunmamaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, diş hekimliği, tıp ve eczacılık fakültelerinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin, ağız sağlığı ile ilgili kendi beyanlarına dayalı tutumlarını, bilgilerini ve davranışlarını değerlendirmek ve karşılaştırmak; böylece katılımcıların kendilerinde ve dolaylı olarak sosyal çevrelerinde ağız ve diş sağlığı konusunda farkındalığı artırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya, diş hekimliği (n=127), tıp (n=113) ve eczacılık (n=114) fakültelerinin klinik öncesi döneminde bulunan 354 öğrenci dâhil edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin ağız sağlığına yönelik tutumları, bilgileri ve davranışlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla, önceki çalışmalardan uyarlanmış 28 soruluk bir anket kullanılmıştır. Anket, katılımın tutarlı olmasını sağlamak ve yüksek yanıt oranı elde etmek amacıyla ders saatlerinde uygulanmıştır. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistiklerle özetlenmiş, dağılımın değerlendirilmesinde Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi, gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar için ise Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U ve ki-kare testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Dişlerin renginden ve fotoğraflardaki gülüşün görünümünden memnuniyet tüm gruplar arasında benzer sonuçlar göstermiştir. Kadın öğrenciler, günlük fırçalama, diş ipi kullanımı ve ağız çalkalama konusunda erkek öğrencilere göre belirgin bir şekilde daha hassastır, erkek öğrenciler ise sigara içme eğiliminde daha yüksektir (p<0,05). Diş hekimliği öğrencileri özellikle şekersiz sakız kullanımı konusunda net bir tercih göstermişlerdir. Fırçalama tekniği, diğer gruplara kıyasla diş hekimliği katılımcıları için daha fazla önem taşımaktadır. Ayrıca, interdental temizlik yardımcıları hakkında bilgi sahibi bireyler diş hekimliği grubunda daha yaygındır. Sonuç: Diş hekimliği öğrencileri arasında farkındalığın, diğer fakültelerdeki öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğunun bulunması dikkate değerdir, zira diş hekimliği öğrencileri aynı alanda ders işlemektedirler
Trace copper determination in mate tea and tap water using FAAS and spray-assisted liquid phase microextraction
No full textIn the present study, a rapid, efficient and environmentally friendly analytical approach was proposed for the determination of trace copper by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) after spray-assisted fine droplet formation based liquid phase microextraction (SFDF-LPME), which eliminates the use of dispersing solvents. With the help of a simple nozzle apparatus, an efficient distribution of the extraction solvent into the sample was achieved. The developed SFDF-LPME-FAAS method achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.6 µg L− 1 and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 5.2 µg L− 1 under optimal conditions. A wide linear range was recorded with a regression coefficient (R2 ) of 0.9987 between 5.0 and 100 µg L− 1 . The improvement in sensitivity was found to be 57.4-fold by comparing the slopes of the calibration plot equation of FAAS and SFDF-LPME-FAAS systems. The feasibility of the SFDF-LPME-FAAS method was evaluated by recovery studies using mate tea extracts and tap water samples. The good recovery results obtained for tap water samples and mate tea extracts in the range of 81.1 % - 113.8 % and 85.5 % - 120.8 %, respectively, showed that the method is applicable to similar matrices
Influence of microstructure changes on the stress corrosion properties of u-bend S275 mild steel
No full textCurrent research investigates the material degradation behavior of thermally processed S275 mild steel under continuous stress in chloride and sulfate media at different pH values (4, 7, and 10). The mild steel samples were quenched at 1000 °C, followed by tempering at 600 °C, followed by U-bending the samples and attaching a bolt and nut to develop continuous stress according to ASTM standards. A U-bend sample without heat treatment was used as a reference. The corrosion behavior of the samples was evaluated using linear polarization resistance and potentiodynamic polarization scans. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope, roughness measurements, and Raman spectroscopy have been used to examine the wear behavior of S275 samples. Quenching followed by tempering caused the quasi-polygonal ferrite and granular bainite to convert to martensite. This microstructural change impacted on the material’s mechanical properties and corrosion behavior. Tempering caused a 38% increase in ultimate tensile strength and a 103% increase in yield strength. It also caused a 7–27% increase in corrosion resistance in sulfate media. The pH of the electrolyte solution also influenced corrosion. The corrosion rate of the original and tempered U-bend samples in acidic sulfate media showed approximately a 700% increase in corrosion rate compared to media alkaline and neutral sulfate media samples. The prime reason for the exponential increase in the corrosion rate is the effect of the chemical reaction of highly oxidative species on stress-induced surface defects. Raman analysis confirmed a variety of ferrous oxides and hydroxide formations on the surface of S275 steel