İnönü Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
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Production of V-Doped P2-type Na0.67Mn0.5Fe0.43Al0.07O2 Cathodes and Investigation of Na-Ion Full Cells Performance
No full textThe Na0.67Mn0.5Fe0.43Al0.07O2(x = 0-0.1) samples are successfully produced and their structural properties are investigated by common techniques. The highest surface area is found as 4.94 m(2) g(-1) for x = 0.04 V by the Brunauer-Elmet-Teller analysis. According to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of x = 0.04 V-doped sample,V4+, and V5+ ions are formed in the structure. The main phase is observed as P63/mmc symmetry with an impurity phase of V6O13 for x >= 0.06 . According to the CV analysis, while the redox voltage decreases for the Mn3+/Mn4+ , the intensity of the peaks of Fe2+/Fe3+ redox reaction decreases. While the best capacity value of the half cells at C/3-rate is obtained as 171 mAh g(-1) for x = 0.04, the lowest capacity fade is found for x = 0.08 . It is mentioned the V6O13 may contribute to the electrochemical process . The galvanostatic tests are investigated for the voltage windows of 3.5-1.5, 4-1.5, 4-2.5, 4-2, and 4-2.5 V and it is seen that the battery cells for 3.5-1.5 V have the best capacity fade (6%) among the others. The Na0.67Mn0.5Fe0.43Al0.07O2/ hard carbon is used for the full cells with presodiated anode and the first capacity value of the full cell is obtained as 80.2 mAh g(-1) for C/2-rate.TUBITAK [225N335, 220N335]; Inonu University [FYL-2022-3100]The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of TUBITAK under project number 225N335. E.B. would like to thank the TUBITAK-B & Idot;CABA (subproject of TUBITAK 220N335) program for financial support. S.A. and E.D. would like to acknowledge the financial support of Inonu University under project number FYL-2022-3100
Are Myroides spp. Isolated From Urinary Catheter Cultures of Patients in Intensive Care Units an Infection or Colonization? Analysis of 36 Cases
No full textMyroides species are mostly low-grade opportunistic pathogens and infect immunocompromised patients. Reports of Myroides spp. increased from clinical samples due to unique developments in molecular microbiology. However, clinical importance of this microorganism in intensive care units’ patients is debated. We aimed to determine whether Myroides spp. strains isolated from urinary catheter cultures of patients in intensive care units are led to an infection or colonization by examining the risk factors of the patients between January 2018 and December 2022. Materials and Methods: In a university hospital, the patients who Myroides spp. isolated from urine cultures in intensive care units between January 2018 and December 2022 were included in the study. The method and reasons of taking urine samples, the presence of a urinary catheter, blood cultures samples in terms of urinary sepsis, the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates, and hospital stay were evaluated retrospectively. Also, control culture samples were taken after 24 and 72 hours by changing the urinary catheters of these patients. Results: Thirty-six patients were enrolled to the study. Urine cultures were taken for investigate the source of infection in 23 patients, and nine for control urinary culture and in three patients for macroscopic urine blurred and in one patient to detect colonization before urinary surgery. There was not any blood culture positivity found. All Myroides spp. isolated patients had urinary catheter. Average length of hospital stay was determined as 41.3 days (7-355). A total 34 of the 36 isolated Myroides spp. were pan-drug resistant. Antibacterial treatment was not initiated in any of the patients. Urinary catheters change after first isolation of Myroides spp. was recommended in all patients. After the patients’ urinary catheters were changed, Myroides spp. were not grown in the control culture samples taken 24 and 72 hours after. Conclusion: As a result of our study, Myroides spp. were isolated especially in patients with long hospital stays and urinary catheters. It was determined that the patients were controlled without treatment, only with urinary catheter replacement. We believe that this agent should be evaluated as having a very high rate of urinary colonization, and the urinary catheter should be changed first, urinary symptoms should be followed up, and unnecessary antimicrobial use should be avoided
A Novel Strategic Water Loss Management Model and Its Optimization with Harris Hawk Algorithm
No full textWater loss management (WLM) in water distribution systems (WDSs) is generally time consuming, costly and difficult. Therefore, the most appropriate methodology should be defined based on the current status, requirements and technical capacity of the utilities. In this study, a novel WLM model was developed to improve the WLM practices, to define the most appropriate and applicable targets and to determine the components that need to be improved primarily using the Harris Hawk Optimization (HHO) algorithm. Firstly, a total of 144 components in the CSAS proposed by Bozkurt et al. (Welcome Sigma J Eng Natural Sci 40:1-13, 2022b) are scored in three utilities. The averages of current scores in utilities are 3.4167, 2.9792 and 1.1597, respectively. Then the most appropriate targets were defined with the optimization algorithm by considering the current situation and the dynamic structure of utility. The target scores defined by optimization model in utilities are 4.4097, 4.3958 and 3.2292, respectively. This novel model will contribute to the prevention of time-consuming and costly processes by determining the most appropriate progress. It is thought that this study will provide significant benefits for creating a road map for practitioners in WLM.Inn niversitesiNo Statement Availabl
Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Moment-Carrying Capacities of Reinforced Concrete Frame Systems Corroded by Accelerated Corrosion Method
No full textTechnical investigations carried out after the devastating earthquakes in Turkey in the last 25 years show that one of the main causes of damage to reinforced concrete structures is reinforcement bar corrosion. The deterioration caused by reinforcement corrosion in reinforced concrete elements reduces the parameters that define the performance level of the structure, such as ductility, stiffness, bond-slip relationship, load carrying capacity, and energy absorption capacity. Therefore, determining the specified performance levels of reinforced concrete structures exposed to corrosion before any seismic activity occurs is of great importance in preventing loss of life and property. Cross-section behavior in reinforced concrete structures represents the load-bearing element behavior In order to accurately determine the section behavior, the Moment-Curvature relationship must be defined. In this study, the structural behavior of reinforced concrete frames exposed to corrosion was examined experimentally and analytically. For this purpose, 4 of the 5 reinforced concrete frame specimens constructed were corroded at different ratios using the accelerated corrosion method. After the corrosion process was completed, in the experimental part of the study, all specimens were tested under the effect of a 20% constant axial load and reversal-cyclic loading. In the analytical study, as a result of the cross-sectional analyzes carried out by taking into account the material-mechanical properties changing with the effect of corrosion, it was determined that the calculated moment values were in high predicted with the experimentally measured moment values
Criticism of atheism in the latest Ottoman period (Example of Abdüllatif Harpûtî)
No full textSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Temel İslam Bilimleri Ana Bilim Dalı, Kelam Bilim DalıBu çalışma son dönem Osmanlı'da ateizmin yansımaları ve önemli düşünürlerimizden biri olan Abdüllatif Harpûtî'nin ateizm eleştirilerini ele almaktadır. Ateizm, semavi dinlerin hepsine karşı çıkarak Tanrı'yı, peygamberliği ve ölümden sonraki hayatı daha doğrusu dinî ve ilâhî olan tüm gerçeklikleri reddetmektedir. Bu noktada bütün ilâhî dinleri reddeden bir yapıya sahiptir. Köken olarak Hıristiyanlığa karşı bir tepki hareketi olarak Hristiyan coğrafyada ortaya çıkmıştır. Ateizm, zamanla Osmanlı coğrafyasına taşınmıştır. Osmanlı'daki ateizm bugünkü adından ziyade ateist akımlar yoluyla varlığını göstermiştir. Bu akımların yaydığı tehlikenin farkında olan Osmanlı düşünürleri, bu tür akımlara karşı eleştirel yazılar yazmışlardır. Bunun yanında kelâm ilminin yenilenmesi fikri de gündem olmuştur. Kelâm kitaplarının bu tür akımlara cevap verebilecek bir yeterliliğe sahip olması gerektiği vurgulanmıştır. Kelâm İlminin yenilenmesi gerektiğini düşünen, düşüncesini Tenkîhu'l-kelâm'ı kaleme alarak pratiğe dönüştüren ve ateizmi tenkit eden düşünürden biri de Harpûtî'dir. Kendi dönemindeki ateist akımları birçok noktada eleştirmiştir. Bunların başında İsbât-ı Vâcip, Bilgi, İrade ve İnsan Hürriyeti, Mûcize, Peygamberliğin Gerekliliği ve Ölüm konuları gelmektedir. Harpûtî, bu eleştirilerde akli ve nakli delillere sıklıkla başvurmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kelâm. Ateizm. Harpûtî. Osmanlı. Tanrı.This study deals with the reflections of atheism in the late Ottoman Empire and the criticisms of atheism by Abdullatif Harpûtî, one of our important thinkers. Atheism opposes all Abrahamic religions and rejects God, prophecy, and the afterlife, or rather, all religious and divine realities. At this point, it has a structure that rejects all divine religions. It originated in Christian geography as a reaction movement against Christianity. Atheism moved to the Ottoman geography over time. Atheism in the Ottoman Empire showed its existence through atheist movements rather than its current name. Ottoman thinkers, who were aware of the danger posed by these movements, wrote critical articles against such movements. In addition, the idea of renewing the science of theology has also been on the agenda. It has been emphasized that the books of theology should have a competence to respond to such trends. Harpûtî is one of the thinkers who thought that the science of kalâm should be renewed, turned his thought into practice by writing Tenkîhu'l-kalâm, and criticized atheism. He criticized the atheist movements of his time at many points. The most important of these are the subjects of Isbât-ı Wajib, Knowledge, Will and Human Freedom, Miracle, Death and the Necessity of Prophethood. Harpûtî frequently resorted to mental and transcendental evidence in these criticisms. Keywords: Kalâm. Atheism. Harpûtî. Ottoman. God
Investigation of the citizienship awareness level of Syrians acquiring Turkish citizienship
No full textEğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkçe ve Sosyal Bilimler Ana Bilim Dalı, Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Bilim Dalı2011'de başlayan ve dünyayı etkileyen Suriye iç karışıklığının bir sonucu olarak Suriye uyruklu bireyler diğer ülkelere yerleşti ve yaşamlarını idame ettirmeye başladılar. Suriye uyruklu bireylerin en fazla yerleştikleri ülke sınır komşusu olan Türkiye oldu. Türkiye'ye yerleşen Suriyelilerin bir çoğu hala Türkiye'de ikamet etmektedir. Buna ek olarak belirli şartları sağladıkları takdirde Türk Vatandaşlığı almış bulunmaktadırlar. Suriye uyruklu sığınmacı ya vatandaşlar, çocuklarını Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nde okula göndermişlerdir. Nitekim Suriye uyruklu öğrenciler, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti eğitim sistemine tabi tutulmuşlardır. Bu bağlamda öğrenciler, 4-7. sınıflar arasında temel amacı etkili vatandaş yetiştirmek olan sosyal bilgiler dersini almıştır. Sosyal bilgiler dersi eğitimini tamamlayan öğrencilerin yani 8. sınıf Suriye kökenli öğrencilerin vatandaşlık bilinç düzeyinin araştırılması bu tezin temel amacıdır. Bu temel amaçtan hareketle araştırmanın problemi ve alt problemlerine yanıtlar aranmıştır. Araştırmada karma araştırma modellerinden olan açıklayıcı ardışık desen kullanılmıştır. Bu desende önce araştırmanın nicel bölümü tamamlanır daha sonra nitel bölümü, nicel bölümü daha açıklayıcı hale getirerek tamamlanır. Araştırmanın nicel bölümünde katılımcılara Ünal'ın (2019) Vatandaşlık Bilinci Ölçeği uygulanırken nitel bölümünde alan uzmanlarının görüşü alınarak oluşturulan görüşme formu uygulanmıştır. Nicel bölümü için örneklem ölçüt örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiş ve araştırmaya 202 kişi dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın nitel bölümünde amaçsal örnekleme yöntemiyle Türkçe konuşma becerisi iyi durumda olan 12 gönüllü öğrenciden oluşan örneklem kullanılmıştır. Nitel bölümde öğrencilere , K1, K2... K6, E1, E2... E6 şeklinde kodlar verilerek öğrencilerin şahsi bilgileri korunmuştur. Katılımcılardan elde edilen bulgular, nicel bölüm için betimsel istatistiki yöntem ile, nitel bölüm için ise içerik analizi tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Veri analizi sonucunda Suriye kökenli Türk Vatandaşı öğrencilerin vatandaşlık bilincinin orta düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Söz konusu öğrencilerin vatandaşlık bilincinin yükseltilmesine yönelik çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur. Tez, beş ana bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde giriş, problem durumu, araştırmanın amacı ve önemi yer almaktadır. İkinci bölüm kuramsal bilgiler ve ilgili araştırmaları içermektedir. Üçüncü bölümde yöntem ve yöntemin alt başlıkları bulunmaktadır. Dördüncü bölümde bulgular ve yorum yer almaktadır. Beşinci bölümde sonuç ve öneriler, kaynakça ve ekler yer almaktadır.The Syrian civil unrest that commenced in 2011 and had global ramifications led to the settlement of individuals of Syrian nationality in other countries and the commencement of their lives there. The country where Syrian nationals settled in the greatest number was Turkey, a neighbouring country. The majority of Syrians who settled in Turkey continue to reside there. In addition, they have obtained Turkish citizenship if they meet certain conditions. Syrian asylum seekers or citizens have sent their children to school in the Republic of Turkey. It is notable that Syrian students were subjected to the education system of the Republic of Turkey. In this context, between the 4th and 7th grades, students took the social studies course, the main purpose of which was to raise effective citizens. The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the level of citizenship consciousness of the students who have completed the social studies course, i.e. 8th grade Syrian students. The main purpose of the research was to identify solutions to the problem and sub-problems. To achieve this, an explanatory sequential design, which is one of the mixed research models, was employed. This design involves first completing the quantitative part of the research and then the qualitative part by making the quantitative part more explanatory. In the quantitative phase of the study, Ünal's (2019) Citizenship Consciousness Scale was employed to assess the participants. In the qualitative phase, an interview form was developed based on the insights of field experts. The sample for the quantitative phase was selected through criterion sampling, with 202 individuals ultimately included in the study. In the qualitative part of the study, a sample of 12 volunteer students with good Turkish-speaking skills was selected using the purposive sampling method. The students were assigned codes ( K1, K2... K6, E1, E2... E6 etc.) and their personal information was protected. The findings obtained from the participants were analysed using descriptive statistical methods for the quantitative part and content analysis techniques for the qualitative part. The data analysis revealed that the citizenship consciousness of Turkish citizen students of Syrian origin was at a medium level. Various suggestions were presented for enhancing the citizenship awareness of these students. The thesis is comprised of five main chapters. The first chapter presents an introduction to the topic, a description of the problem situation, the purpose and importance of the research, and a summary of the research questions. The second chapter provides an overview of the theoretical information and related research studies. The third chapter outlines the method and the subheadings of the method. The fourth chapter presents the findings and interpretation. The fifth chapter offers conclusions and recommendations, a bibliography, and appendices
Room temperature gas and VOCs sensors based on metal oxide composites
No full textThe continuous operation of metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)-based gas sensors at high temperatures results in the decreased longevity with large power consumption. In addition, when they heat up to a high temperature, this could lead to changes in the microstructure of the sensing nanomaterials, resulting in the degradation of sensing performance. For this reason, it is important to reduce the operating temperature of MOS-based gas sensors at room temperature (RT) without compromising their sensing performances. This chapter centers on the use of MO-based nanocomposites operating in room temperatures for VOC sensing. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Investigation of mechanical properties of cementless new generation recycling based high performance infrastructure pipes
No full textFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, İnşaat Mühendisliği Bilim DalıYapılan çalışmada yeraltı su ve kanalizasyon şebekelerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan çimento esaslı beton borulara alternatif olarak geri dönüşüm esaslı yeni nesil yüksek dayanımlı çimentosuz geopolimer beton borular üretimi hedeflenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, farklı miktarlarda yüksek fırın cürufu (YFC) ve silis dumanı (SD) kullanılarak bağlayıcı malzemelerin karışımları oluşturulmuştur. Bağlayıcı malzemeler tepkime girebilmesi için aktivatör olarak sodyum hidroksit (NaOH) ve sodyum silikat (Na2SiO3) kullanılmıştır. Lif içermeyen bu geopolimer beton karışımları faklı molaritelerde (9M, 12M, 15M) hazırlanmış ve mekanik özelliklerine bakılarak optimum karışım belirlenmiştir. Tüm numunelerde %65 iri (4-8 mm)ve %35 (0-4 mm) ince agrega kullanılmıştır. Aktivatör miktarı kıvam ölçütlerine göre ayarlanmıştır. Üretilen numuneler laburatuvar ortamında 7, 28 ve 56 gün bekletildikten sonra mekanik özellikleri incelenerek optimum karışım 9M-S0 olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm karışımlarda aktivatör sodyum hidroksit/sodyum silikat oranı sabit tutulmuştur. Optimum 9 molarlık 9M-S0 karışımı belirlendikten sonra çelik lif içeren karışımların (%0,5, %1 ve %1,5 ağırlıkça) mekanik özellikleri laboratuvar ve su ortamında incelenmiştir. Üretilen numuneler eğilme ve basınç dayanımına bakılarak optimum karışım belirlenmiştir. Geopolimer beton boruların altyapı projelerinde kullanılacağı göz önünde bulundurularak sürekli kimyasal ortama maruz kalacağından hazırlanan karışım numuneleri 6 haftalık sülfat ortamında bekletilmiş olup basınç dayanımı ile ağırlık değişimleri de incelenmiştir. Hazırlanan geopolimer beton karışımları ile Altyapı projelerinde kullanılmak üzere lifli ve lifsiz borular üretilmiştir. Üretilen borular kür amaçlı su verildikten sonra basınç dayanımı testleri yapılarak geleneksel çimento esaslı beton borularla karşılaştırıldığında üretilen çelik lifli geopolimer beton boruların daha iyi bir performans sergilediği tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Geopolimer, Altyapı boru, Su şebekeleri, kanalizasyon, Yüksek Performans, Geri Dönüşüm.This study aims to produce new-generation high-strength cementless geopolymer concrete pipes as an alternative to cement-based concrete pipes commonly used in groundwater and sewage networks. Mixtures of binder materials were formed using different amounts of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and silica fume (SF). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) were used as activators. These fiber-free geopolymer concrete mixtures were prepared at different molarities (9M, 12M, 15M), and the optimal mixture was determined based on their mechanical properties. All samples used %65 coarse aggregate (4-8 mm) and %35 fine aggregate (0-4 mm). The activator amount was adjusted according to consistency criteria. After storing the samples for 7, 28, and 56 days, their mechanical properties were examined, identifying 9M-S0 as the optimal mixture. The sodium hydroxide/sodium silicate ratio was kept constant. After determining the optimal 9M-S0 mixture, the mechanical properties of steel fiber-reinforced mixtures (%0.5, %1, and %1.5 by weight) were examined in laboratory and water environments. The optimal mixture was determined based on flexural and compressive strengths. Considering the continuous exposure to chemical environments in infrastructure projects, the prepared mixture samples were kept in a sulfate environment for 6 weeks, and their compressive strength and weight changes were examined. Fiber-reinforced and non-fiber-reinforced pipes were produced for infrastructure projects. Compressive strength tests showed that steel fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete pipes exhibited better performance compared to traditional cement-based concrete pipes. Keywords: Geopolymer, Infrastructure pipe, Water networks, sewage, High Performance, Recyclin
Effect of Piracetam and Iron Treatment on Heart Rate Variability in Patients With Breath-Holding Spell
No full textBackground: Breath-holding spells are a benign condition primarily seen in 3% to 5% of healthy children aged between six months and five years. Although no specific treatment is recommended due to its benign nature, iron and piracetam are used in severe or recurrent cases. We planned to compare the heart rate variability (HRV) before and after treatment with 24 -hour Holter monitoring in patients receiving iron and piracetam treatment and investigate the treatment's effectiveness. Methods: Twenty-five patients who applied to the outpatient clinic between 2013 and 2015 due to breath-holding spells were included in the study. The patients who received piracetam and iron therapy and underwent 24 -hour rhythm Holter monitoring were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Fourteen (56%) of these patients were evaluated as having cyanotic-type and 11 (44%) patients were assessed as having pale -type breath-holding spells. A significant difference was found only between hourly peak heart rate and total power in the group receiving iron treatment. Significant differences were also found among the minimum heart rate, mean heart rate, the standard deviation of RR intervals, the mean square root of the sum of the squares of their difference between adjacent RR intervals, spectpow, and low frequency before and after the treatment in the patients who started piracetam treatment ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our study is critical as it is the first to investigate the effects of treatment options on various HRV in patients with breath-holding spells. There were statistically significant changes in HRV parameters in patients receiving piracetam, and the number of attacks decreased significantly. Piracetam treatment contributes positively to the breath-holding spell with regard to efficacy and HRV, therefore it can be used to treat breath-holding spells. (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Diagnostic Benefits and Surgical Implications of Methods for Tumor Localization in Sigmoid and Rectum Tumors
No full text(1) Background: In our study, we aimed to determine the accuracy rates of imaging methods for sigmoid, rectosigmoid colon, and rectum cancer. (2) Methods: Patients with tumors located in the rectosigmoid colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum who were operated on were included. Upon admission, we examined the patients' first diagnostic colonoscopies and their preoperative repeat control colonoscopies and computed tomography (CT) report. (3) Results: In this study, 23 patients (57.5%) were male. The overall accuracy rates were 80.0% (32/40) in colonoscopy, 65.0% (26/40) in preoperative CT, and 87.5% (35/40) in retro CT, and the differences among the examination methods were statistically significant (p = 0.049). The sensitivity levels decreased to 50.0% for colonoscopy and preoperative CT and 75.0% for retro CT in rectosigmoid colon tumors. In rectal tumors, the sensitivity levels were 75.0% in colonoscopy, 60.0% in preoperative CT, and 80.0% in retro CT. In two patients, the tumor location was given incorrectly, and postoperative pathological evaluations indicated T3N0 tumors; the initially planned treatment was thus changed to include radiotherapy in addition to chemotherapy in the postoperative period because the tumor was located in the middle rectum. (4) Conclusions: Accuracy in tumor localization in sigmoid, rectosigmoid, and rectum tumors still needs to be improved, which could be accomplished with prospective studies. CT evaluations for cancer localization in this patient group should be re-evaluated by a radiologist