Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba
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    17921 research outputs found

    La reclamación de un crédito dinerariola oferta vinculante confidencial y la actividad negociadora

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    Como consecuencia de los distintos acuerdos adoptados por los Jueces y Juezas, así como LAJ, de los distintos Tribunales de Primera Instancia de nuestro país, a través del presente artículo se analiza la oferta vinculante confidencial, regulada en el artículo 17 de la LO 1/2025, de 2 de enero de medidas en materia de eficiencia del Servicio Público de Justicia, y si dicho mecanismo es en sí mismo una actividad negociadora, para cumplir el requisito de procedibilidad regulado en la LO 1/2025

    A note on the local behavior of the Taylor method for stiff ODEs

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    In this note we study the behavior of the coefficients of the Taylor method when computing the numerical solution of stiff Ordinary Differential Equations. First, we derive an asymptotic formula for the growth of the stability region w.r.t. the order of the Taylor method. Then, we analyze the behavior of the Taylor coefficients of the solution when the equation is stiff. Using jet transport, we show that the coefficients computed with a floating point arithmetic of arbitrary precision have an absolute error that depends on the variational equations of the solution, which can have a dominant exponential growth in stiff problems. This is naturally related to the characterization of stiffness presented by Söderlind et al. [32], and allows to discuss why explicit solvers need a stepsize reduction when dealing with stiff systems. We explore how high-order methods can alleviate this restriction when high precision computations are required. We provide numerical experiments with classical stiff problems and perform extended precision computations to demonstrate this behavior

    Identification of phytoestrogens in protein products from an alfalfa biorefinery

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    Treballs Finals de Grau de Física, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2025, Tutor: Fernando BenaventeBiorefineries are complex processing facilities dedicated to the sustainable transformation of biomass into value-added products. This project studies the influence of biorefinery processing conditions on the phytoestrogen composition of protein products derived from Medicago sativa L., commonly known as alfalfa. This leguminous plant has been traditionally used as a forage and is now gaining attention for its potential in producing proteins for human consumption. Phytoestrogens are bioactive secondary metabolites present in leguminous plants. Their structural similarity to the mammalian estrogen 17β-estradiol allows them to bind to estrogen receptors in animals. Given their capacity to produce both beneficial and adverse biological effects, identifying these compounds in alfalfa-derived products is critical to ensure consumer safety. Ten alfalfa samples obtained from an industrial-scale biorefinery developed by Contento Trade Srl (Italy) were analyzed. These included nine mixed-protein and one fresh alfalfa samples, processed under varying conditions, including different harvest lots, drying delays, and drying techniques. Compound identification in the studied samples was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), supported by a custom-built database of phytoestrogens and related metabolites. Cross-referencing the obtained analytical data with the database enabled the tentative identification of 24 phytoestrogens across the samples. Comparative analysis showed that biorefinery processing conditions significantly affected the phytoestrogen profile of the mixed-protein products. Environmental stress factors affecting the fresh alfalfa material, such as morning frost exposure prior to harvest, altered these profiles. Regarding the biorefining drying conditions of the extracted mixed-proteins juice, delayed dryings of 16 or 36 hours were associated with higher phytoestrogen levels, indicating that immediate drying is preferable. In contrast, the drying technique (i.e. spray-drying or freeze-drying) had no significant effect on the final phytoestrogen composition. This finding supports the use of spray-drying as a more sustainable option for the biorefinery operation, given its lower energy and time requirement

    Capital misallocation and economic development in a dynamic open economy

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    Some countries, such as Canada, Italy, and Mexico, have experienced a higher growth rate of capital per worker but a lower growth rate for GDP per worker compared to the United States. This paper explains these two facts through the lens of a dynamic multisector open economy model where capital flows across countries. In the model, firms face sector-specific distortions on capital and intermediate inputs that influence the actual rate of return on capital and the aggregate total factor productivity (TFP). We calibrate the model to Mexico for the period 2000-2014 and show that changes in sectoral distortions and productivities reduced the actual rate of return on capital, triggering capital accumulation and a reduction in TFP. The results show that aggregate output decreased by 7.3% and aggregate capital increased by 10.6%. From 33 sectors (out of 48) that suffered productivity losses, approximately 50% accumulated more capital. Furthermore, the capital-intensive sectors explain 82% of the capital-output ratio increase

    Joint analysis of cross-cutting issues and final considerations

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    This chapter concludes the book with a cross-cutting analysis, briefly highlighting the weaknesses of the current global environmental protection systems and focusing on how the European Union (EU) has sought to strengthen the international impact of its regulatory power within the framework provided by the European Green Deal (EGD). The chapter evaluates the degree of ambition of the main EGD initiatives with external dimensions analysed throughout the book and also notes their limitations. It ends with some reflections on the need to promote a multilaterally agreed Global Green Deal

    EU Digital Law. Introduction to Arts 4-8 DSA

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    Internet intermediary service providers carry out an information society service. As Perset notes, ‘Internet intermediaries bring together or facilitate transactions between third parties on the Internet; they give access to, host, transmit and index content, products and services originated by third parties on the Internet or provide Internet-based services to third parties

    Algunas reflexiones procesales a raíz de la Ley 16/2022, de 5 de septiembre, de reforma del TRLC

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    La Ley 16/2022, de 5 de septiembre, de reforma del texto refundido de la Ley Concursal, aprobado por el Real Decreto Legislativo 1/2020 , de 5 de mayo, para la transposición de la Directiva (UE) 2019/1023 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo ha introducido diversas novedades en materia de reestructuración preventiva, que no son objeto de estudio en este artículo. En el presente trabajo se pretende abordar principalmente cuestiones procesales que surgen como consecuencia de la aprobación de la reforma, si bien se inicia con una cuestión de política legislativa como es la exoneración del crédito público, cuestión esta que no estará exenta de contiendas judiciales

    Azobenzene-based photoswitchable ligands for light-dependent modulation of β-adrenoceptors: from molecular design to photopharmacological evaluation in cardiac tissue

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    [eng] β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs) are class A G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) that play a central role in the regulation of essential physiological functions, thus representing major pharmacological targets for the treatment of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, among others. However, conventional β-AR drugs lack spatial and temporal precision, that may lead to off-target effects. Moreover, many aspects of β-ARs function remain incompletely understood, including mechanisms of activation, receptor dynamics and signaling. Photopharmacology offers a promising strategy to overcome these limitations by utilizing ligands with light-dependent properties that allow precise control of drug action and, thus, receptor function. To achieve this, a photochromic moiety such as azobenzene can be incorporated into the molecular scaffold of β-AR ligands. Upon illumination with suitable light wavelengths, azobenzenes undergo reversible trans-cis isomerization, inducing significant changes in ligand geometry, polarity, and electron density that, when integrated within the drug scaffold, are expected to modulate binding affinity and functional activity. This thesis aimed to achieve light-dependent control of β-adrenoceptors through the development of azobenzene-based photoswitchable ligands, including rational design, chemical synthesis, and both photochemical and photopharmacological evaluation. The design was first based on established structural features of known agonists giving three series of azobenzene-based β-AR ligands. All the compounds were synthesized and characterized through spectroscopic techniques to determine their photoisomerization wavelengths, reversibility, and thermal relaxation rates. Their pharmacological properties were then assessed through a systematic photopharmacological evaluation across the three β-AR subtypes, using binding and functional assays to determine receptor subtype activity and light-dependent modulation of receptor activity. The most promising ligands proved to be fully inactive in the dark and to activate the receptors upon illumination. Furthermore, some lead compounds were validated ex vivo in isolated cardiac and adipose tissues, demonstrating the feasibility of optical control of β-AR-mediated physiological responses. These results establish the potential of photopharmacology for precise light-dependent activation of β-ARs, providing both a rational framework for ligand design and a toolbox of photoswitchable ligands with diverse photochemical and pharmacological properties. Future directions should focus on improving receptor susbtype selectivity, enhancing light penetration through red-shifted photoswitchable ligands, and developing implantable light-delivery systems to enable clinical translation.[cat] Els β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs) són receptors acoblats a proteïnes G (GPCRs) de classe A que juguen un paper central en la regulació de diverses funcions fisiològiques, incloent-hi les cardíaca, respiratòria i urinària. Per aquest motiu, constitueixen les principals dianes farmacològiques en el tractament de malalties cardiovasculars i respiratòries. Tot i això, els fàrmacs convencionals dirigits als β-ARs sovint manquen de precisió tant espacial com temporal, la qual cosa pot provocar efectes fora de l’objectiu terapèutic i limitar la seva eficàcia clínica. A més, molts aspectes relacionats amb el funcionament dels β-ARs encara no es comprenen completament, incloent-hi els mecanismes d’activació, la dinàmica dels receptors a la membrana cel·lular i la senyalització cel·lular. En aquest context, la fotofarmacologia emergeix com una estratègia prometedora per superar aquestes limitacions, ja que permet utilitzar lligands amb propietats dependents de la llum que proporcionen un control precís i reversible sobre l’acció del fàrmac i, per tant, també sobre els processos d’activació i inactivació dels receptors. Per aconseguir aquesta regulació en funció de la llum, es poden incorporar molècules fotocròmiques, com l’azobenzè, dins l’estructura molecular dels lligands β-AR. Quan aquests lligands s’exposen a llum de longituds d’ona específiques, els azobenzens experimenten una isomerització reversible trans-cis, que provoca canvis significatius en la geometria, la polaritat i la densitat electrònica del lligand, modificant de manera controlada la seva afinitat pel receptor i activitat funcional. L’objectiu principal d’aquesta tesi és aconseguir el control dels β-adrenoceptors en funció de la llum mitjançant el desenvolupament d’agonistes fotocommutables activables per la llum i basats en azobenzè. Aquest objectiu inclou el disseny racional, la síntesi química i l’avaluació fotoquímica i fotofarmacològica. Inicialment, es va aplicar una aproximació de disseny racional basat en les característiques estructurals d’agonistes coneguts. S’han sintetitzat tres sèries de lligands β-AR basates en azobenzè i s’han caracteritzar mitjançant diverses tècniques espectroscòpiques per determinar les longituds d’ona de fotoisomerització, la reversibilitat i temps de relaxació tèrmica. Posteriorment, les seves propietats farmacològiques s’han avaluat de manera sistemàtica en els tres subtipus de β-AR, mitjançant assajos de unió a receptor i funcionals, per determinar l’activitat de cada lligan en cada subtipus, i com es pot modular l’activitat receptor amb llums d’una longitud d’ona determinada. Els lligands més prometedors han resultat totalment inactius sense presencia de llum i poden activar els receptors quan s’exposaven a una llum determinada. A més a més, alguns dels compostos més destacats s’han validat ex vivo en teixit cardíac i adipós aïllats, demostrant la viabilitat de controlar òpticament les respostes fisiològiques mediades pels β-AR al cor. Aquests resultats evidencien el gran potencial de la fotofarmacologia per al control precís i en funció de la llum dels β-ARs, proporcionant tant un marc racional per al disseny de nous lligands com un extens repertori de lligands fotocommutables amb diverses propietats fotoquímiques i activitats sobre els diferents tipus de β-adrenoceptors. Les línies futures de recerca haurien de centrar-se a millorar la selectivitat entre subtipus de receptors, optimitzar la penetració de la llum mitjançant lligands fotocommutables amb amb longituds d’ona en menys energètiques el rang visible i desenvolupar sistemes implantables d’adminsitració de llum, amb l’objectiu d’afavorir la translació clínica d’aquesta estratègia terapèutica innovadora

    How do emerging leaders communicate implicitly? Measuring implicit traits

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    Leaders play a fundamental role in the success of organizations; names like Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, or Mark Zuckerberg are world renowned, and their fame illustrates the way in which one person's influence can exert tremendous impact on the outputs of any given enterprise. It is not surprising that leadership is one of the main research topics in organizational psychology, as the discipline preoccupies itself with the understanding of what makes a good leader, and how do we detect these attributes. A search for the topic in the Scopus database reveals publications that date back to the late 19th century, and that they have steadily increased in numbers particularly after the 1960s

    La qüestió de les persones refugiades palestines. Una perspectiva històrica

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    En aquest article analitzarem la qüestió de la població refugiada palestina des d’una perspectiva històrica per entendre-la com el resultat d’un marc de colonialisme d’ocupació en el qual el moviment sionista i l’Estat d’Israel han entès la construcció de l’estat nació sota el principi del màxim territori amb la mínima població palestina. Una constant que no s’ha revertit, ja que, no només s’ha negat el dret al retorn, dibuixant una discriminació per un factor racial en les lleis de ciutadania israelianes, sinó que el procés de neteja ètnica ha continuat fins avui. I en el cas de Gaza, fins i tot, ha derivat en una acció on es compleixen els actes i la intencionalitat del crim de genocidi

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