Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba
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Telmisartan Reverses Hepatic Steatosis via PCK1 Upregulation: A Novel PPAR-independent Mechanism in Experimental Models of MASLD
No full textDrug combination and repurposing are potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Here, we have demonstrated that, in rats, both pemafibrate and telmisartan reverse hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat, high-fructose diet. Pemafibrate attenuated liver steatosis via a PPARα-mediated increase in fatty acid catabolism, while the antisteatotic response to telmisartan did not rely on PPAR modulation. Our results in rats and in a zebrafish larva model of liver lipid accumulation suggest that part of telmisartan's antisteatotic effects are driven through the blockade of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor, along with a reduction in the expression of several lipogenic genes, which also contributes to some extent. Telmisartan's response is mediated by the upregulation of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1) expression. Liver metabolomic analysis revealed that by increasing PCK1, telmisartan diverted the metabolic flux of fructose from lipid towards glucose synthesis, which was subsequently fueled to the polyol pathway, thereby preserving glucose homeostasis. Moreover, telmisartan increased the hepatic levels of spermine and spermidine, which may counteract the putative detrimental effects caused by the accumulation of metabolites of the polyol route. Targeting different intrahepatic pathways, both PPAR-dependent and independent, the combination of pemafibrate and telmisartan, each at half the individual dose, was equally effective as the full dose of either drug alone to reduce liver lipid accumulation in the rat model. Our findings support the repurposing potential of these drugs, with the additional advantage of addressing both hepatic and cardiometabolic MASLD-associated complications
El escrito de demanda y el derecho a la reconvención en el Proceso europeo de escasa cuantía
No full textEl proceso europeo de escasa cuantía (Reglamento 861/2007, del Parlamento y del Consejo, de 11 de julio de 2007), ha representado, desde su instauración, uno de los procedimientos más destacables del espacio europeo de libertad, seguridad y justicia. En este artículo analizaremos dos de sus aspectos más importantes, como son la demanda y la reconvención, y las especialidades que éstas presentan, teniendo en cuenta la constante remisión a la legislación interna de los Estados miembros
Immigrant's right to participation in political decision-making processes
No full text[eng] This research delves into the evolving concept of immigrant participation in political decision-making, set against the backdrop of democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. As mobility increases and traditional notions of citizenship adapt to shifting realities, immigrants often face limited pathways to genuine political engagement. The study explores whether a sophisticated category of “immigrant’s right to participation in political decision-making processes” can be established, and how this right could serve as a mechanism for greater social inclusion and democratic integration. The inquiry unfolds in three interconnected parts. The first examines the relationship between citizenship and political participation, questioning the rigidity of the citizen-non-citizen dichotomy. It argues for a broader, more inclusive understanding of participation that transcends nationality. The second part engages with international and European legal instruments to identify rights and freedoms integral to political participation for immigrants, such as voting, standing for elections, public employment, and freedom of expression, association, and petition. Through a multidimensional analysis, the study develops a three-pronged criterion—relevance, effectiveness, and the promotion of informed public debate—to define these rights as components of a unified framework for participation. The final part offers a comparative analysis of Spain and Turkey. Spain’s decentralized governance structure provides localized opportunities for immigrant engagement, supported by progressive judicial interpretations, such as the Constitutional Court’s annulment of residency-based restrictions on political communication rights. Conversely, Turkey’s centralized governance model prioritizes security and national cohesion, limiting immigrants’ political participation and excluding them from local governance frameworks. The comparison illuminates how national contexts shape the application of rights, often reflecting broader trends in democratic inclusion or exclusion. The study concludes by advocating for an inclusive, rights-based framework for immigrant participation, emphasizing proportionality and the necessity of balancing sovereignty with integration. It asserts that fostering immigrant political engagement through localized, inclusive policies enhances social cohesion, strengthens democracy, and aligns governance with human rights principles in an interconnected world.[spa] Esta investigación explora el concepto en evolución de la participación de los inmigrantes en los procesos de toma de decisiones políticas, en el contexto de la democracia, los derechos humanos y el estado de derecho. A medida que la movilidad aumenta y las nociones tradicionales de ciudadanía se adaptan a las nuevas realidades, los inmigrantes enfrentan caminos limitados para lograr una participación política genuina. El estudio analiza si se puede establecer una categoría sofisticada del “derecho de los inmigrantes a participar en los procesos de toma de decisiones políticas” y cómo este derecho podría servir como un mecanismo para una mayor inclusión social e integración democrática. La investigación se desarrolla en tres partes interconectadas. La primera examina la relación entre la ciudadanía y la participación política, cuestionando la rigidez de la dicotomía entre ciudadanos y no ciudadanos. Propone una comprensión más amplia e inclusiva de la participación que trascienda la nacionalidad. La segunda parte analiza los instrumentos legales internacionales y europeos para identificar los derechos y libertades fundamentales para la participación política de los inmigrantes, como el voto, la elegibilidad, el empleo público y las libertades de expresión, asociación y petición. A través de un análisis multidimensional, el estudio desarrolla un criterio tripartito—relevancia, eficacia y promoción del debate público informado—para definir estos derechos como componentes de un marco unificado de participación. La última parte ofrece un análisis comparativo entre España y Turquía. La estructura de gobernanza descentralizada de España proporciona oportunidades locales para la participación de los inmigrantes, respaldadas por interpretaciones judiciales progresistas, como la anulación por el Tribunal Constitucional de las restricciones basadas en la residencia para los derechos de comunicación política. En contraste, el modelo de gobernanza centralizado de Turquía prioriza la seguridad y la cohesión nacional, limitando la participación política de los inmigrantes y excluyéndolos de los marcos de gobernanza local. La comparación ilumina cómo los contextos nacionales moldean la aplicación de los derechos, reflejando tendencias más amplias de inclusión o exclusión democrática. El estudio concluye abogando por un marco inclusivo basado en derechos para la participación de los inmigrantes, destacando la proporcionalidad y la necesidad de equilibrar la soberanía con la integración. Sostiene que fomentar la participación política de los inmigrantes mediante políticas locales inclusivas mejora la cohesión social, fortalece la democracia y alinea la gobernanza con los principios de derechos humanos en un mundo interconectado.[cat] Aquesta investigació explora el concepte en evolució de la participació dels immigrants en els processos de presa de decisions polítiques, en el context de la democràcia, els drets humans i l’estat de dret. A mesura que la mobilitat augmenta i les nocions tradicionals de ciutadania s’adapten a les noves realitats, els immigrants s’enfronten a camins limitats per assolir una participació política genuïna. L’estudi analitza si es pot establir una categoria sofisticada del “dret dels immigrants a participar en els processos de presa de decisions polítiques” i com aquest dret podria servir com a mecanisme per a una major inclusió social i integració democràtica. La recerca es desenvolupa en tres parts interconnectades. La primera examina la relació entre la ciutadania i la participació política, qüestionant la rigidesa de la dicotomia entre ciutadans i no ciutadans. Proposa una comprensió més àmplia i inclusiva de la participació que transcendeixi la nacionalitat. La segona part analitza els instruments legals internacionals i europeus per identificar els drets i llibertats fonamentals per a la participació política dels immigrants, com el vot, l’elegibilitat, l’ocupació pública i les llibertats d’expressió, associació i petició. Mitjançant una anàlisi multidimensional, l’estudi desenvolupa un criteri tripartit—rellevància, eficàcia i promoció del debat públic informat—per definir aquests drets com a components d’un marc unificat de participació. L’última part ofereix una anàlisi comparativa entre Espanya i Turquia. L’estructura de governança descentralitzada d’Espanya proporciona oportunitats locals per a la participació dels immigrants, recolzades per interpretacions judicials progressistes, com l’anul·lació pel Tribunal Constitucional de les restriccions basades en la residència per als drets de comunicació política. En contrast, el model de governança centralitzat de Turquia prioritza la seguretat i la cohesió nacional, limitant la participació política dels immigrants i excloent-los dels marcs de governança local. La comparació il·lumina com els contextos nacionals configuren l’aplicació dels drets, reflectint tendències més àmplies d’inclusió o exclusió democràtica. L’estudi conclou defensant un marc inclusiu basat en drets per a la participació dels immigrants, destacant la proporcionalitat i la necessitat d’equilibrar la sobirania amb la integració. Argumenta que fomentar la participació política dels immigrants mitjançant polítiques locals inclusives millora la cohesió social, enforteix la democràcia i alinea la governança amb els principis de drets humans en un món interconnectat
El paisaje sonoro urbano de la Barcelona del siglo XVIII a través del fondo de música de la Universitat de Barcelona
No full text[spa]El presente artículo aporta información inédita y nuevas evidencias sobre la sección de libretos impresos de música (óperas, oratorios y villancicos) del fondo de música de la Universitat de Barcelona (UB), al mismo tiempo que relaciona dicho fondo con la actividad musical de la Barcelona del siglo xviii. Así, se plantea por primera vez para la Barcelona del siglo xviii, una cartografía del paisaje sonoro urbano que muestra, por un lado, la intensa movilidad de las capillas musicales por una amplia red de espacios religiosos urbanos y algunos civiles a la hora de interpretar oratorios y villancicos, y, por otro, constata que estos dos géneros tuvieron una amplia difusión social y una recepción entre un público muy diverso, todo ello reflejo de una prolífica actividad musical urbana. Finalmente, se relacionan los libretos de ópera del fondo de la UB con algunos libretos de ópera procedentes de bibliotecas italianas para reconstruir los circuitos de ópera por los que circulaban cantantes, empresarios y repertorios, entre Barcelona y los teatros italianos entre 1750 y 1770; así, el teatro barcelonés de la Santa Creu se convierte en un teatro italiano más, ubicado en la periferia de la península itálica
Floods in the Pyrenees: A global view through a regional database
No full textThis paper shows the first systematic datasetof flood episodes referring to the entire Pyrenees massif,named PIRAGUA_flood, which covers the period 1981–2015 (available at http://hdl.handle.net/10261/270351, lastaccess: 21 July 2024). First, the structure of the database isdetailed so that it can be reproduced anywhere else in theworld, adapting to the specific nature of each situation. Subsequently,the paper addresses the spatial and temporal distributionof flood episodes and events (including trends) thataffected the Pyrenees regions of Spain (Catalonia, Aragon,Navarre, the Basque Country), France (Nouvelle-Aquitaine,Occitanie) and Andorra, as well as the massif as a whole,for a given period of time. In the case of the Spanish regions,it was also possible to analyse the compensation paymentsby the Spanish Insurance Compensation Consortiumand the number of deceased. The weather types associatedwith flood episodes were also classified based on sea levelpressure and 500 hPa geopotential height from ERA5. Theresults show 181 flood events and 154 fatalities, some ofwhich affected more than one region. In the Spanish part ofthe Pyrenees, between 1996 and 2015, there was a total compensationpayout amounting to EUR 142.5 million (2015).The eastern part of the area records more flood events thanthe western one, with Catalonia being the community thatregistered the highest number of events, followed by Andorraand Occitanie. Associated weather types are dominatedby the southern component flow over the Pyrenees region,with a talweg on the Iberian Peninsula and a depression inthe vicinity, either in the Atlantic or in the Mediterranean.In terms of the entire massif, there is a slight positive trendof 0.84 events per decade, driven by the evolution of ordinaryand extraordinary floods but not significant at 95 %. Ata regional level, flood behaviour is more heterogeneous, althoughnot significant for the most part. Nouvelle-Aquitaineis the only region that shows a positive and significant trendof 0.34 events per decad
When Misfortune becomes injustice
No full textAlicia Ely Yamin offers a journey through a half a century of struggle for the recognition and expansion of human rights in their social, economic and cultural dimensions, focusing on the right to health and, more specifically, on the sexual and reproductive health rights of women. This chronological journey examines laws and regulations, decision-making forums and legal cases that have been milestones in the global history of human rights¿events that the author selects from her vast direct knowledge and involvement
Frontal cortical thinning and subcortical volume reductions in early adulthood obesity
No full textObesity depends on homeostatic and hedonic food intake behavior, mediated by brain plasticity changes in cortical and subcortical structures. The aim of this study was to investigate cortical thickness and subcortical volumes of regions related to food intake behavior in a healthy young adult sample with obesity. Thirty-seven volunteers, 19 with obesity (age=33.7±5.7 (20-39) years body-mass index (BMI)=36.08±5.92 (30.10-49.69)kg/m(2)) and 18 controls (age=32.3±5.9 (21-40) years; BMI=22.54±1.94 (19.53-24.97)kg/m(2)) participated in the study. Patients with neuropsychiatric or biomedical disorders were excluded. We used FreeSurfer software to analyze structural magnetic resonance images (MRI) and obtain global brain measures, cortical thickness and subcortical volume estimations. Finally, correlation analyses were performed for brain structure data and obesity measures. There were no between-group differences in age, gender, intelligence or education. Results showed cortical thickness reductions in obesity in the left superior frontal and right medial orbitofrontal cortex. In addition, the obesity group had lower ventral diencephalon and brainstem volumes than controls, while there were no differences in any other subcortical structure. There were no statistically significant correlations between brain structure and obesity measures. Overall, our work provides evidence of the structural brain characteristics associated with metabolically normal obesity. We found reductions in cortical thickness, ventral diencephalon and brainstem volumes in areas that have been implicated in food intake behavior
Investigating the roles of MnO2-acid complexes in catalytic ozonation for enhanced micropollutants abatement in water
No full text[eng] A significant amount of organic pollutants has been released into the water environment with the rapid growth of the population. To remove refractory compounds from the aquatic environment, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as electrochemical methods, Fenton system, irradiation and ozonation have attracted more attention. Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO), as one of the AOPs, could shorten treatment time, enhance pollutant removal efficiency, and improve ozone (O3) availability, which has gained increasing interest. Considering that catalysts used in the HCO process should be low-cost, environmentally friendly, and readily available, manganese dioxide (MnO2) composites were used as catalysts in this study to explore their catalytic activity towards pollutant removal in water. In this thesis, alpha-MnO2, beta-MnO2, and gamma-MnO2 were fabricated through a modified hydrothermal-calcination method and evaluated for their potential catalytic ozonation performance in degrading oxalic acid (OA) through semi- continuous experiments. In order to control individual variables of experimental conditions, batch experiments were further conducted to assess the catalytic activities of the catalysts. It was found that the introduction sequence of the catalyst and O3 stock solution greatly affects the efficiency of the HCO system. For example, when the alpha-MnO2 catalyst (50 mg L-1) was added to the OA (10 mg L-1) solution first, followed by O3 introduction (30 mg L-1), the OA removal rate reached 78.22%. Conversely, the efficiency was only 20.53% when the sequence weas reversed. Pre-contact between oxalic acid (OA) and the catalyst seems to have a significant impact on the efficiency of catalytic ozonation. To identify the influence of OA in the process, Cat/OA/O3 system was established using atrazine (ATZ) as a model pollutant. The effect of operational parameters on catalytic performance including the O3 concentrations (1-30 mg L-1), catalysts dosages (10-50 mg L-1), pH values (pH=3-7), and the molar ratio of catalyst to OA were investigated. Compare to O3 alone (43.6%), when the molar ratio of catalyst-to-OA increased to 1:0.8, the ATZ (5 mg L-1) degradation efficiencies within 3 min were 95.09%, 93.43%, and 96.71% for the alpha- MnO2/OA/O3, beta-MnO2/OA/O3, and gamma-MnO2/OA/O3 systems at pH 3.0, respectively. This study confirmed that the complexation between metal oxides and organic acid plays an important role in water treatment. However, the mechanism of complex in catalytic ozonation process (HCO) was not studied yet. To elucidate the mechanism, as well as the phase effect and ROS contribution for each system, a series of characterizations, pyrophosphate experiments, and probe experiments were designed. The results verified that the formation of the MnO2-OA complexes relied on the presence of Mn3+ on the catalyst surface, which enhanced electron transfer and facilitated the creation of active sites such as oxygen vacancies. This, in turn, accelerated O3 decomposition, generating more reactive oxygen species (ROS) and further promoting pollutant degradation. In addition, the crystalline phase of MnO2 did not influence the formation of MnO2-OA complexes but affected the reaction sites between the complexes and O3. For the alpha-MnO2-OA complex, more oxygen vacancies were generated on the surface, adsorbing O3 and pollutants for further reaction. For the a-MnO2-OA complex, more manganese vacancies and enhanced lattice oxygen (OL) mobility were key factors contributing to ROS production. As for the delta- MnO2-OA complex, the surface -OH groups acted as the main active site, reacting with O3 to generate more ROS, thus improving ATZ degradation. Interestingly, probe experiments suggested that in the MnO2-OA complex- mediated catalytic ozonation system, the O2•- played a major role in ATZ removal, followed by •OH, while O3 and 1O2 had a lesser effect. This thesis provides new insights into the potential applications and perspectives of MnO2 in catalytic ozonation.[cat] Amb el ràpid creixement de la població, es generen grans quantitats de contaminants orgànics que s'alliberen al medi aquàtic. Per eliminar aquests compostos refractaris, els processos d'oxidació avan9ada (A0Ps), entre els quals destaca l'ozonització catalítica heterogènia (HC0), han demostrat la seva eficàcia, ja que redueixen el temps de tractament, milloren l'eliminació de contaminants i optimitzen l'ús de l'ozó (03). El di6xid de manganès (Mn02) és un catalitzador atractiu gracies al seu baix cost i fàcil disponibilitat.
En aquest estudi, s'han sintetitzat alfa-Mn02, beta-Mn02 i delta-Mn02 mitjançant un mètode hidrotermal-calcinat modificat, i s'ha avaluat la seva eficàcia en la degradació d'àcid oxàlic (0A). S'ha comprovat que la seqüència d'addició del catalitzador i de l'03 influeix de manera determinant en l'eficiència del procés HC0: per exemple, amb a-Mn02 es va assolir un 78,22% d'eliminació d'0A quan s'afegia l'ozó a la solució amb el catalitzador, en comparació amb el 20,53% en invertir l'ordre. A més, d'altres àcids (FA, AA, CA i PA) també han mostrat capacitat per promoure l'ozonització catalítica a través de la formació de complexos amb Mn02.
Per tal d'entendre el mecanisme, s'ha estudiat en detall el sistema í3- Mn02/0A/03, aconseguint un 90,4% de degradació de pCBA i un 65,2% d'eliminació d'0A en 10 minuts a pH 4,0. Les caracteritzacions (XPS, H2-TPR, etc.) indiquen que el complex í3-Mn02-0A millora la transferència electr6nica i afavoreix la formació de vacants d'oxigen i espècies reactives d'oxigen (R0S). Mitjan9ant l'ús de pirofosfat de sodi es va confirmar que el Mn3+ és fonamental en la formació d'aquest complex, mentre que els experiments amb captadors de radicals van identificar el radical •0H com l'espècie principal en la degradació de pCBA.
Les diferents fases cristal·lines de Mn02 no afecten la formació del complex Mn02-0A-dependent del Mn3+-per6 sí que influeixen en la via de producció de R0S. Al sistema alfa-Mn02-0A predominen vacants d'oxigen superficial, al beta-Mn02-0A destaquen vacants de manganès i més mobilitat de l'oxigen de xarxa, i al delta-Mn02-0A són els grups -0H els principals centres actius. Els radicals 02•- i •0H s'han identificat com els responsables principals de la degradació dels contaminants
Modulated spin dynamics of [Co<sub>2</sub>] coordination helicates via differential strand composition
No full textCoordination supramolecular chemistry provides a versatile entry into materials with functionalities of technological relevance at the nanoscale. Here, we describe how two different bis-pyrazolylpyridine ligands (L1 and L2) assemble with Co(II ) ions into dinuclear triple-stranded helicates, in turn, encapsulating different anionic guests. These constructs are described as (Cl@[Co2 (L1)3])3+ , (SiF6 @[Co 2(L1)(L2)3])2+ and (ClO4 @[Co 2(L2)3 ])3+
, as established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Extensive magnetic and calorimetric
measurements, numerical treatments and theoretical calculations reveal that the individual Co(II) centers of these supramolecular entities exhibit field-induced slow relaxation of magnetization, dominated by direct and Raman mechanisms. While the small variations in the spin dynamics are not easily correlated with the evident structural differences among the three species, the specific heat measurements suggest two vibronic pathways of magnetic relaxation: one that would be associated with the host lattice and another linked with the guest
Decision-making in choosing an effective celebrity endorsement strategy using fuzzy forgotten effects: a cross-cultural study
No full textThe main purpose of this study is to develop models that illustrate the impact of celebrity endorsement on consumer purchase intention, taking into consideration the important dimension of culture: individualism (Spain) versus collectivism (India). The study utilises the analytical model of the fuzzy forgotten effects theory to build a model for decision-making in choosing an effective parameter that affects consumer purchase intentions with respect to celebrity endorsement across two distinct cultures. These models provide insights into the impact of celebrity endorsement over time and across different stages of the consumer decision-making process. The contributions of this research will help marketers to select appropriate celebrity parameters for celebrity endorsements across varied cultures, which would be fruitful for the brand in the long term. This research will also draft a framework for branding managers that can be adopted by companies to increase profitability. This paper applies the theory of forgotten effects with the analysis of cause and effect in the field of marketing. The main contribution of this article is that it allows the second-generation effects to be considered during the decision-making process, which could go unnoticed by decision-makers at first, thereby reducing the risks associated with decision-making