Technical University in Zvolen OJS
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LINGUISTIC REPERTOIRE IN THE CONTEXT OF RESEARCH ON MULTILINGUALISM
Get PDFThe speaker's linguistic repertoire is one of the determining factors of linguistic communication. It is also an important starting point for research on communicative behaviour in situations characterised by the presence of language contact. The linguistic repertoire represents the equipment a speaker brings to his communicative activity and thanks to which he can cope with even difficult situations of misunderstanding. The linguistic repertoire is the sum of knowledge about languages and the sum of linguistic competences related to all the languages spoken. The paper defines the concept from a theoretical perspective and points out the potential of research on language repertoires, especially in relation to research on multilingualism. In the analytical section, results of a research task on oral multilingual communication are presented. It is highlighted how they relate to the mapping of language repertoires. Using the example of two speakers with multilingual competence but with different linguistic repertoires, authors show what strategies these speakers choose to avoid misunderstanding in verbal interaction. The aim is to highlight the necessity of understanding linguistic repertoires and choosing an adequate methodology for mapping them
MONITORING OF MICROCLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND THE OCCURRENCE OF MICROMYCETES IN CRAWL SPACE
Get PDFThe risk of creating suitable microclimatic conditions for the growth and development of micromycetes in a crawl space is relatively high. Spores of micromycetes can infiltrate the living space through leaks in ceiling construction of the crawl space due to pressure conditions. The study is focused on monitoring microclimatic conditions and the occurrence of micromycetes in the crawl space in the Czech Republic. Samples were taken from the crawl space structures (ceiling structure and foundation walls) using sponges. Additionally, sedimentation methods were used to monitor the indoor microclimate (in the crawl space) and the outdoor microclimate. In the crawl space, spores of micromycetes of the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Didymella, Epicoccum, Sarocladium, Sordaria and Penicillium were detected. The relative humidity in the crawl space ranged from 50% to 95% during the model year. In total, 6,659 hours were spent in the crawl space with a relative humidity of about 75%
THE EFFECT OF STEAMING ON THE COLOR CHANGE OF FALSE HEARTWOOD BEECH
Get PDFThe work presents the results of the color change of false heartwood of beech wood during the steaming process in a pressure autoclave in individual modes in the temperature interval t = 90 to 120 °C. The color of the wood of the false heartwood, depending on the steaming conditions, changes in opposite ways, while at temperatures up to t ≈ 105 °C it becomes pale, and at temperatures above t ≈ 115 °C it becomes darker.
Based on the results of the research on the color change of the false heartwood wood in the steaming process, 3 steaming modes were proposed to achieve a targeted change in the color of the false heartwood beech. By steaming the wood with saturated moist air tI = 90 ± 2.5 °C for τ = 8 h, the color of the wood lightens, which is numerically expressed in the color space CIE L*a*b*: L* = 69.2 ± 2.9, a* = 12.7 ± 1.6 and b* = 19.7 ± 1.4. Steam mode II with saturated water steam tII = 115 ± 2.5 °C during τ = 16 h, slight darkening of the wood color of the false heartwood reaches the following values: L* = 56.0 ± 2.4, a* = 12.4 ± 1.4 and b* = 19.2 ± 1.5. The dark brown color described in the color space CIE L*a*b* by the values: L* = 50.0 ± 2.1, a* = 12.4 ± 1.3 and b* = 18.5 ± 1.4 is achieved by the vaporization mode III. at the temperature of saturated water steam tIII = 120 ± 2.5 °C during τ = 24 h
THE IMPACT OF DOOR LEAF PARAMETERS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THE AUTOMATED TECHNOLOGICAL LINE
Get PDFThe automated intelligent technological line for the mass production of door leaves enables mass customization using unique QR codes. The IT control system dynamically adjusts the processing parameters to the currently processed door leaf, allowing the line modules to fine-tune the settings. Door leaves categorized by colour, width and the presence of a rebate were tested in terms of efficiency. The time elapsed between the cycle completion on the line of two consecutive leaves in a series and the time changes depending on the product parameters are measured in the experiment. The results showed a significant impact of item classification on line efficiency. Colour sorting halves the takt time while sorting by width and the presence of rebates results in an efficiency increase of more than six times with the same technology and high quality
OPTIMIZED LIGNIN RECOVERY FROM BLACK LIQUOR FOR ENHANCED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE RUBBER COMPOSITES
Get PDFDue to climate change, the transition from petroleum-based materials to renewable sources is essential. Lignin, a complex aromatic polymer derived from lignocellulosic biomass, offers a promising alternative. This study is focused on optimizing lignin recovery from black liquor based on the LignoBoost™ process and evaluating its application in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). The optimized conditions (80 °C, pH 2.0) yielded lignin with significantly lower phenolic hydroxyl group concentrations compared to lignins prepared according to the design of the experiment (DoE). Surface property analysis revealed a high surface free energy of 55.3 mJ/m², indicating potential for interaction with various substances. A DoE approach to investigate the influence of precipitation conditions on lignin properties is employed in the study. NIR spectroscopy and surface property measurements were used for lignin characterization. The results demonstrated that hydroxyl group concentrations, influenced by black liquor freshness and filtration temperature is significantly affected by the preparation method. Notably, pilot lignin (PL) application in NBR composites resulted in a more than twofold increase in tensile strength and elongation at break compared to NBR without additives or with commercial lignin. These findings suggest that lignin recovered through optimized processes can enhance the mechanical properties of NBR, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional additives. This research provides valuable insights for further exploration of lignin’s potential in industrial applications, particularly in the context of lignin recovery and utilization in pulp mills
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF DYNAMIC MOISTURE SPREAD IN COMPACT FLAT ROOFS
Get PDFThe contribution is focused on the numerical verification of the correct design of compact flat wooden roofs in the external boundary conditions of Central Europe (Vienna – Bratislava); the internal boundary conditions of the analysis met the requirements for human habitation. Using the WUFI 2D software, the compositions of compact flat roofs were analyzed using a vapor barrier and a variable vapor retarder with a low dispersion of diffusion thickness values and a variable vapor retarder with a high dispersion of diffusion thickness values. Each of these three compositions was assessed in versions without shading and with shading of the surface (by graveling the roof covering from the exterior side). The length of the analyzed period was 5 years. The main goal was to verify the accumulation of moisture in layers of the structure and whether critical moisture conditions suitable for the formation of molds and fungi causing rot will be reached in any of the compositions. The measurement results showed the different functioning of compact flat wooden roofs depending on the shading, as well as other conclusions for the design and realization of the composition of compact flat wooden roofs
CALCULATION OF THE THERMAL ENERGY AND ITS COMPONENTS REQUIRED FOR THAWING LOGS
Get PDFAn approach for calculating the thermal energy and its components required for thawing logs intended for veneer production is proposed. The approach is based on the use of two personal mathematical models. The influence of all combinations between 5 values of the initial wood temperature from −1 °C to −40 °C and 3 values of the wood moisture content above the hygroscopic range (0.4 kg·kg-1, 0.6 kg·kg-1, and 0.8 kg·kg-1) on the thermal energy and its four components required to thaw beech logs with a diameter of 0.4 m at operating temperature of the heating medium of 80 °C was investigated. The obtained results show that this energy changes in the range from 31.66 kWh·m-3 (at −1 °C and 0.4 kg·kg-1) to 95.36 kWh·m-3 (at −40 °C and 0.8 kg·kg-1). The approach could be applied to determine the energy required to thaw various frozen capillary-porous materials in practice
RHEOLOGICAL STUDY OF INDUSTRIAL VARNISHES AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES
Get PDFSuperior surface finishing in furniture manufacturing requires an understanding of varnish product rheology. The rheological properties of acrylic primer, basecoat and topcoat, intended for roller varnishing and UV curing are examined in the study. Two methods were used to measure viscosity: Brookfield rheoviscometer and Ford cup. The results discuss the effect of increasing temperature on a decrease in viscosity. Rheological modeling using the Ostwald de Waele power law model explained the non-Newtonian, shear-thinning, rheostable behavior of liquid. It was shown that the flow index of some varnish products in Standard Conditions for Temperature was close to the Newtonian fluid. However increasing consistency index parameter indicates the pseudoplastic behavior of the fluid. The findings highlight the importance of controlling viscosity and temperature during varnish product application processes to ensure optimal coating quality. This research provides valuable insight into the rheological properties of industrial coatings, facilitating advances in coating technology and quality control practices
DEVELOPING SOFT SKILLS IN TEACHING STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS
Get PDFInclusive education is now an integral part of education in all types of schools. Research around the world shows that the urgency of the need not to exclude students with SEN is growing in importance. Their abilities and skills compared to neurotypical persons differ to a large extent, but the use of divergence, if the educator can work with it properly, will bring benefits to all students within the teaching process. This paper focuses on research into dyslexia and how it can be used to develop soft skills within higher education. Imagination, along with communication and visualisation, are among the benefits of students with dyslexia and play a key role within the development of soft skills. In contrast to the benefits, the challenges named by dyslexic students in international research also need to be addressed. As part of a research project, we conducted research on students with dyslexia at PdF UK. The results of the research confirmed that dyslexia needs to be seen as a difference with possible high potential. On the basis of the differences in the cognitive profiles of dyslexic and neurotypical individuals, it is possible to build a new, non-traditional and modern way of creating soft skills. Applying a different way of looking at the issue of soft skills development and using visualization, different interpretation and a non-traditional approach will lead to an environment within which the potentials of both neurotypical students and dyslexic students will be exploited