Archive ouverte institutionnelle du ResEFE
Not a member yet
8131 research outputs found
Sort by
Crossing the line: Multi-layer analysis and the identification of different borderlines
No full textInternational audienceThis paper introduces a volume that brings together specialists in lithic studies to explore how this proxy can reveal different spatial patterns across a large European territory. It examines how diverse behaviours in various environmental and geographical areas can enhance our understanding of social processes during European neolithisation. Initially, we investigate the concept of borders and borderlines, proposing models based on the space considered as a border, the presence of sought-after resources within this space, the agents present, and the nature of interactions between these agents. Subsequently, we discuss the potential of lithic analysis for identifying social groups and different types of borders. Neolithic cultural entities have primarily been defined through typo-stylistic analysis of pottery, while lithics are underutilised in this context. Lithics, however, offer a valuable proxy for understanding the spatial distribution of these entities. Petrographic studies now allow us to precisely define lithic sources, and all actions carried out on these raw materials are readable. Lithics thus enable the tracking of raw material origins and the movement of these materials within a given area. Establishing these circulation networks is crucial for understanding the spaces occupied by prehistoric people and the nature of their interactions. This approach allows us to map and compare spatial groupings based on consumer and producer perspectives. We argue for the necessity of multi-proxy studies and modelling to gain new insights into spatial grouping patterns and their evolution, particularly by considering borderlines at the scale of social groups
This canvas has never been blank: desertscape as a palimpsest (IVth mill. BCE – XXth c. CE): The Eastern Desert underwent major environmental changes during the Holocene. With the end of the African humid period during the mid-Holocene (8,2 - 4,2 ky), it dried out considerably, gradually becoming more and more like the desert we know today. While the origin of its formation is climatic, the evolution of its landscapes and socio-ecosystems owes much to human activities and occupation.This human presence is now quite well documented for the most important peaks in desert occupation, mainly linked to the exploitation of the desert's resources by political and economic powers based in the Nile Valley, or to its place in the trade and expedition roads to the Indian Ocean, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Horn of Africa. These different powers have marked the desert with signs of their presence, their networks, and their appropriation of places, all of which have accumulated, replaced, or cancelled each other out along time. But even in the earliest periods, the canvas has never been blank, because pre-desert occupation left some inheritances and because multi-resource nomadism, which is still insufficiently documented, resulted in other forms of appropriation of the desert areas. This second point is still too often neglected, as the nomads, who were present throughout the period studied, left few traces and the sedentary people did not always account for their interactions with these populations.The paper begins with a brief review of the Holocene climatic history of the Eastern Sahara, followed by a theoretical reflection on the different forms of territorialization and place appropriation that exist among nomadic and sedentary populations. Following these initial overviews, it presents case studies and reflections on the successive and/or simultaneous appropriations, transformations, and reuses of some of the watering places, roads, quarries, harbors, and mines of the Eastern Desert from the end of prehistory to the beginning of the 20th century AD.
No full textInternational audienceThe Eastern Desert underwent major environmental changes during the Holocene. With the end of the African humid period during the mid-Holocene (8,2 - 4,2 ky), it dried out considerably, gradually becoming more and more like the desert we know today. While the origin of its formation is climatic, the evolution of its landscapes and socio-ecosystems owes much to human activities and occupation.This human presence is now quite well documented for the most important peaks in desert occupation, mainly linked to the exploitation of the desert's resources by political and economic powers based in the Nile Valley, or to its place in the trade and expedition roads to the Indian Ocean, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Horn of Africa. These different powers have marked the desert with signs of their presence, their networks, and their appropriation of places, all of which have accumulated, replaced, or cancelled each other out along time. But even in the earliest periods, the canvas has never been blank, because pre-desert occupation left some inheritances and because multi-resource nomadism, which is still insufficiently documented, resulted in other forms of appropriation of the desert areas. This second point is still too often neglected, as the nomads, who were present throughout the period studied, left few traces and the sedentary people did not always account for their interactions with these populations.The paper begins with a brief review of the Holocene climatic history of the Eastern Sahara, followed by a theoretical reflection on the different forms of territorialization and place appropriation that exist among nomadic and sedentary populations. Following these initial overviews, it presents case studies and reflections on the successive and/or simultaneous appropriations, transformations, and reuses of some of the watering places, roads, quarries, harbors, and mines of the Eastern Desert from the end of prehistory to the beginning of the 20th century AD
Relazione Francesco Soranzo (Zante 1563 ?) : https://frankika.efa.gr/fr/node/14697
No full texthttps://frankika.efa.gr/fr/node/14697Notice concerning the provveditore's repor
Relazione Giovanni Marco da Molin (Zante 1609) : https://frankika.efa.gr/fr/node/14647
No full texthttps://frankika.efa.gr/fr/node/14647Notice concerning the provveditore's repor
Cent ans d’archéologie. De la rivalité à la coopération en péninsule Ibérique et au Maroc
No full textInternational audienceCe volume reconstitue l’émergence et la consolidation de la recherche archéologique en péninsule Ibérique et au Maroc depuis la fin du XIXe siècle, en s’appuyant sur l’exemple des fouilles scientifiques de Baelo Claudia, au cœur du détroit de Gibraltar.À travers le regard d’archéologues, historiens et historiens de l’art, ce volume reconstitue l’émergence et la consolidation de la recherche archéologique en péninsule Ibérique et au Maroc depuis la fin du XIXe siècle, en s’appuyant pour cela sur l’exemple des fouilles scientifiques de Baelo Claudia, au cœur du détroit de Gibraltar. L’excellent état de conservation de cette ville romaine, principale voie d’accès à Tingi (Tanger), lui a permis de devenir, depuis plus d’un siècle, un formidable champ d’application des disciplines archéologiques et historiques, comme l’entendait son initiateur Pierre Paris (1859-1931), également fondateur de la Casa de Velázquez. On y découvre ainsi un site exceptionnel et une communauté scientifique qui fait vivre l’internationalisation de la recherche, désormais axée sur la jonction des savoirs issus des deux rives de la Méditerranée
Baelo Claudia. Un site archéologique névralgique aux confins de l'Occident
No full textInternational audienc
Per una storia condivisa delle isole del Mediterraneo
No full textInternational audiencel volume offre uno sguardo innovativo sulle isole del Mediterraneo tra il XV e il XX secolo, superando le tradizionali interpretazioni che le relegano a semplici periferie.I contributi affrontano temi chiave della storia insulare, dalle strategie di governo e sfruttamento delle risorse alle dinamiche di frontiera, dall’autonomia e sottomissione nell’arcipelago greco all’uso delle isole come luoghi di detenzione, con particolare riferimento all’ergastolo borbonico di Santo Stefano in Ventotene. La ricerca si estende alle reti alieutiche, alla mobilità marittima e al rapporto tra insularismo e ambientalismo nella Corsica del Novecento.L’intera opera è attraversata dalla tensione tra isolamento e interconnessione, controllo politico e iniziative locali, adattamento globale e specificità insulari. Grazie a fonti inedite e nuove metodologie, il volume rinnova il dibattito sulle isole mediterranee, restituendo loro un ruolo attivo nelle dinamiche storiche regionali e sovraregionali
A geochemical survey of the Antas Valley, Sardinia: Medieval metallurgy and modern slag recycling?
No full textInternational audienceGeochemical surveys of the Antas Valley in Sardinia, Italy, have revealed significant zinc and lead concentrations along the Antas River floodplains, suggesting the presence of medieval ore processing workshops which are otherwise hard to detect. While the zinc concentrations were found to be dispersed and probably related to the erosion of zinc-rich dolomite, the lead concentrations were more localised on the banks of the river, suggesting an anthropogenic origin. Three large concentrations of lead were found to coincide with deposits of black glassy slag, a by-product of ore processing. Analysis of the slag revealed a high lead content (around 75%) and very low zinc content, which along with historical research suggests either medieval ore processing for silver or 19th-century slag recycling. The near absence of zinc in the slag supports the 19th-century recycling hypothesis, as this period saw an increased demand for zinc and the development of processes to extract it from older slag. Further research, including dating of the slag and excavation of the lead-enriched areas, is required to confirm the origin of the slag deposits
