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Consumer acceptance of different insect-based foods: a cross-cultural study in China and France
No full textInternational audienceConsumption of edible insects as an alternative protein source has recently gained attention for its potential beneficial impacts on the environment, nutrition, and food security compared to traditional sources. However, despite being a traditional food in some parts of the world, its acceptance is still limited, especially in Europe. The present study aims to examine consumers’ willingness to eat (WTE) different insect-based foods (IBF) and investigate determining factors for acceptance in countries with or without entomophagy traditions. An online cross-cultural survey was conducted in France (n = 515) and China (n = 594) in April 2023. Several explanatory variables were established, and their effects on the acceptance of insect foods was analysed by applying multiple linear regression. The results showed that Chinese respondents had higher willingness to eat insects than French respondents, with a different preference ranking of thirteen IBFs. In both countries, significant predictors of consumers’ willingness to eat insects were the low insect visibility, low food neophobia and disgust level, previous experience of consuming insects and knowledge of insects’ nutritional and environmental benefits. Consequently, the inclusion of insects in the daily diet of French and Chinese consumers requires a transitional phase to familiarize consumers with processed foods containing invisible insects and establish positive perceptions of insect foods
Integrating the lifelong exposure dimension of a chemical mixture into the risk assessment process. Application to trace elements
No full textInternational audienceLifelong, the general population is exposed to mixtures of chemicals. Most often, risk assessment is performed to estimate the probability of adverse effects in the population using external exposures to a single chemical and considering one route of exposure. To estimate whole exposure to a chemical, human biomonitoring studies are used to measure chemical concentrations in biological matrices. The limitations of these studies are that is not possible to distinguish the sources or the routes of exposure. Moreover, only the concentrations of a limited number of chemicals are usually determined due to the associated cost. In this study, a methodology has been developed to estimate the internal exposures of the population to a mixture of trace elements (inorganic As, Cd, Pb and Hg) throughout lifetime. This methodology uses realistic lifetime exposure trajectories coupled to physiological based kinetic modeling, considering several sources of exposure. Then, the estimated biomarkers of exposure were compared to human biomonitoring data to J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f estimate the robustness of the methodology. Finally, risk characterization was performed based on the simulated biomarkers of exposure considering an additive effect of chemicals. This methodology allows to determine the contribution of chemicals to the overall risk of renal effect
Évaluation de l'impact de la thérapie manuelle dans la prise en charge des lombalgies : revue exploratoire des résultats utilisés dans les essais cliniques
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Low Back Pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, 90% of which is nonspecific. Manual therapy is one of the recommended treatment modalities. However, reported outcomes may be variable. This review aims to identify their scope in the context of the development of a Core Outcome Set (COS), which is defined as « an agreed standardised set of outcomes that should be measured and reported, as a minimum, in all clinical trials in specific areas of health or health care ».Methods: A scoping review with risk of bias assessment of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of manual therapy for nonspecific LBP was conducted using MEDLINE, CENTRAL, PEDro, WebOfScience and ClinicalTrials.gov, from 2010 up to August 2024. Manual therapy was considered the use, alone or in combination, of manipulations (high velocity, low amplitude), mobilisations (low-grade velocity, small-to-large amplitude) or soft tissue relaxation (especially massage, trigger points, muscle contractions).Results: Out of 3929 articles, 147 RCTs and 74 protocols were included. Two main outcomes emerged: pain intensity (assessed by numerical rating scale or visual analogue scale) and disability (mostly assessed by Rolland-Morris Disability Questionnaire or Oswestry Disability Index). Range of motion is the most frequent clinical outcome assessed. Psychological factors such as fear-avoidance beliefs, kinesiophobia and catastrophising, and healthcare consumption, particularly medication, are also frequent. Most of the outcomes were patient-reported outcomes.Conclusion: Consistent with a previous COS on nonspecific low back pain, manual therapy appears to address the same outcomes. Clinical trials in manual therapy should focus on using the existing COS by measuring pain intensity using a numerical rating scale, disability using the ODI 2.1a or the 24-item RMDQ, health-related quality of life using the SF-12 or the 10-item PROMIS. Additionally, due to the gap between clinical research and pain experience, trials should consider conducting subgroup analyses to identify effects on outcomes related to gender or age, paying particular attention to health inequalities by carrying out analyses based on socioeconomic status, as these factors are well known to significantly impact pain experience and access to care.Review protocol: PROSPERO registration CRD42024576475, COMET Database registration 322
De GRTgaz à NaTran : face à l’enjeu de décarbonation, quel avenir pour les infrastructures gazières françaises ?
No full texthttps://theconversation.com/de-grtgaz-a-natran-face-a-lenjeu-de-decarbonation-quel-avenir-pour-les-infrastructures-gazieres-francaises-254501Alors que GRTgaz s'est renommé NaTran début 2025, la consommation de gaz naturel devrait continuer à baisser. En cause, un contexte géopolitique tendu, auquel s'ajoute la nécessité de décarboner le secteur de l'énergie. Dans ces conditions, les politiques énergétiques doivent s'adapter… et les infrastructures gazières aussi
Yamaguchi-Yonemitsu macrolactonization for the controlled synthesis of (labelled) oligoesters as non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) in vegetable-containing metallic cans
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The metabolic status of skeletal muscle fibers influences the precocity and severity of damages in Pompe disease
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Hair of the herd: cattle hair as a sentinel for human exposure to pesticides
No full textInternational audienceVarious contaminants such as pesticides, antiparasitic for animal care and biocides within buildings are used on dairy farms, many of which are suspected of being reprotoxic, neurotoxic, immunotoxic, or endocrine-disrupting[1]. This study aims to assess whether cattle hair can serve as a proxy for characterizing the chemical exposome of female dairy farm workers in France, through a non-targeted (NTA)/suspect screening (SS) analysis based on high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)[2]. A method for detecting a broad panel of compounds in cattle hair using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (UHPLC-ESI-HRMS) is under development to ensure sensitivity and robustness of the NTA/SS approaches. Cattle hair was sampled at the forehead (cowlick) from five different species (prim'holstein, normande, montbéliarde, pied rouge and jersiaise) and underwent washing, grinding, solvent extraction and evaporation, before analysis. Statistical analyses will also be performed to evaluate the effect of race and the washing procedure on cattle hair. The expected results will provide insights into how cow breed influences contaminant levels in hair, on the importance of a washing step before analysis to remove fecal residues, and the pertinence of non-targeted analysis for keratinous matrices. Finally, relative quantification of the detected compounds in cattle hair compared to human concentration levels from the literature, will be performed. This study will assess whether cattle hair can serve as a reliable indicator of the chemical exposome of female farm workers, and hence potentially be used as a matrix for occupational exposure. [1]Baldi, I.; Cordier, S.; Coumoul, X.; Elbaz, A.; Gamet-Payrastre, L.; Lebailly, P.; Multigner, L.; Rahmani, R.; Spinosi, J. Pesticides: Effets sur la santé; Rapport de recherche; Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale(INSERM): Paris, 2013; p 1014.[2]Chaker, J.; Gilles, E.; Léger, T.; Jégou, B.; David, A. From Metabolomics to HRMS-Based Exposomics: Adapting Peak Picking and Developing Scoring for MS1 Suspect Screening. Anal. Chem. 2021, 93 (3), 1792–1800. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04660
Impact of a photocatalytic treatment device on toluene removal in indoor air
No full textInternational audienceAddressing indoor air quality (IAQ) is still a key issue regardinghuman health and well-being. Air purifiers can enhance IAQ but aremainly used for the removal of particulate matter andmicroorganisms. To remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs),photocatalytic oxidation-based technologies have shown promisingresults but their real efficiency in a room is still discussed.Objectives :Evaluate the efficiency of a new photocatalytic material ontoluene removal Predict the evolution of toluene concentration in a typical cubicroom with and without the utilization of a photocatalytic devicewhile varying different parameter
Profil d'activité protéolytique fécale chez le chat atteint de lymphome digestif de bas grade ou de maladie inflammatoire chronique de l'intestin
No full textLes entéropathies chroniques (EC) du chat pâtissent d’une catégorisation indéfinie malgré l’augmentation récente de la prévalence des maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin (MICI) et des lymphomes digestifs de bas grade (LDBG). L’origine des MICI est multifactorielle et repose sur l’intervention du microbiote intestinal ainsi que des composantes génétique et immunitaire. De plus, un continuum est suspecté entre les MICI et le LDBG. Au centre des interactions au sein de l’holobionte, l’homéostasie protéolytique joue un rôle clef dans le dialogue entre l’hôte et le microbiote intestinal. Cette étude prospective préliminaire conduite sur 24 chats (8 atteints de MICI, 8 atteints de LDBG et 8 témoins sains) évalue les modifications de la composition du microbiote et de l’activité protéolytique fécale dans chacune des populations. Elle suggère l’existence de différences entre le microbiote fécal des chats atteints de MICI, de LDBG et celui des chats sains. Ce travail met en évidence une activité protéolytique fécale totale accrue lors d’EC (multipliée par 9 lors de MICI et par 4 lors de LDBG par rapport aux témoins), essentiellement liée à l’activité des protéases à sérine. Plus précisément, l’activité fécale “élastase-like” est 14 et 13 fois plus élevée et l’activité fécale “trypsine-like” est 12,5 et 5 fois plus élevée respectivement pour les chats atteints de MICI et de LDBG. A ce stade, aucun résultat n'apparaît discriminant entre l’activité protéolytique fécale des chats atteints de MICI et de LDBG. Cette étude ouvre des perspectives diagnostiques, thérapeutiques et de compréhension de la physiopathogénie des MICI et des LDBG chez le chat. Ce travail a également contribué à l’élargissement de la cohorte en vue d’une augmentation de la taille des différentes populations étudiées
