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Quantized Digital Amplification Physical Layer Security Schemes
No full textPart 4: Cybersecurity and SafetyInternational audienceSecurity in wireless communication systems is paramount for safeguarding the privacy of users. Typically, security measures are implemented on higher layer and rely on encryption codes based on private and public keys. However, this often results in information overhead, compromising service bit rates and both spectral and energy efficiency. Alternatively, physical layer security schemes offer a viable solution. One advantage is their compatibility with higher-layer security protocols, ensuring security without sacrificing spectral or energy efficiency. A physical layer security scheme employing the Quantized Digital Amplification (QDA) technique offers both simplicity and high secrecy. This approach efficiently handles high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) signals, commonly utilized to achieve high spectral efficiencies. By combining low complexity with robust security, QDA ensures spectral efficiency while maintaining secrecy. Analyzing various scenarios demonstrates the effectiveness of implementing such a security scheme at the physical layer
Patient-Centered Healthcare: A Framework for Analyzing Patient Feedback Through Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling
No full textPart 3: Human-Centric Biomedical SystemsInternational audiencePatient feedback is a crucial component in identifying areas of improvement and enhancing service quality in healthcare. However, manual analysis of a large volume of reviews is challenging. This paper proposes a novel framework and software for sentiment analysis and topic modeling with the goal of automating this process, providing a more efficient method for data extraction and facilitating informed decision-making. The Google reviews dataset, a rich source of patient feedback, is used for this purpose. We present findings from related research to identify potential strategies for implementing this framework. The ultimate goal is to understand patient sentiments, identify common complaint topics, and highlight positive aspects of healthcare centers. This approach will provide valuable insights that are essential for the continuous improvement and success of healthcare centers
A Human-AI Centric Performance Evaluation System for Collaborative Business Ecosystems
No full textPart 1: Collaborative SystemsInternational audienceIn today's dynamic landscape marked by rapid technological advancements and enormous challenges, including the aftermath of recent pandemics, fostering a meaningful connection between human beings and technology, aiming for more human-centered systems that allow the creation of value for a society focused on human welfare, is paramount. Within the business realm, especially in the face of such dynamic conditions, the implementation of effective performance evaluation systems and supportive mechanisms becomes crucial. In response to this need, we propose the Performance Assessment and Adjustment Model (PAAM). This model comprises performance indicators designed to assess collaboration within a business ecosystem. Additionally, it features an influential mechanism empowering ecosystem managers to induce factors that encourage organizations to enhance their behavior. This proactive approach contributes significantly to the promotion of sustainability and resilience in collaboration. Implemented in the form of a simulation model, PAAM can be customized using data from various business ecosystems to simulate diverse scenarios. The outcomes derived from these simulations are examined and discussed, shedding light on the model's efficacy and its potential impact on collaboration within different contexts
Data Monetization Opportunities and Challenges: The European Landscape by DATAMITE
No full textPart 1: The 9th Workshop on “5G – Putting Intelligence to the Network Edge” (5G-PINE)International audienceIn Europe, data monetization presents a promising goal for new revenue streams exploiting the power of the data. Nevertheless, obstacles such as regulatory environment and internal organizational constraints create a skepticism. DATAMITE project addresses these challenges and proposes a holistic framework designed to streamline the data monetization journey. Offering modules centered on data governance, quality assurance, and security, DATAMITE equips stakeholders with the tools necessary to optimize the value of their data. By ensuring trust and fostering collaboration, DATAMITE assures the expansion and competitiveness of European industries in data market. Through its comprehensive approach, DATAMITE aims to unlock opportunities and guide European enterprises towards success in the dynamic landscape of the digital economy
New Perspectives in e-Learning: EEG-Based Modelling of Human Cognition Individual Differences
No full textPart 2: The 13th Workshop on “Mining Humanistic Data” (MHDW)International audienceLearning is the process of acquiring knowledge, skills and values, through lifelong education. Learning abilities are affected by the subject’s cognitive skills showing how they think, process information, pay attention and remember things. The dynamic nature of a human’s mental state usually impacts the aforementioned structural characteristics of human cognition, hindering learning performance as well. Nowadays, technological advances in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems, in combination with advanced processing methods, have paved the way for the highly accurate capturing of human brain activity, helping to decode cognitive and mental status to adapt the learning process. This paper aims to present the first research outcomes of a study in progress. More specifically, the main proposition lies in extending the basic functionalities of our electroencephalography (EEG)-based e-learning prototype system to deliver personalized solutions by taking into account the individual cognitive differences of the learners. Some primary findings are showcased that investigate the potential association of cognitive style with the power spectral features of brain activity in a specific context where the subjects execute a visual task. It is anticipated that the real-time recognition of the learner’s cognitive style will help educators adapt and advance the learning process
OCTAPUS: Empowering Next Generation Central Offices with Cross-Layer Network Intelligence Towards a Reconfigurable Data Plane
No full textPart 1: The 9th Workshop on “5G – Putting Intelligence to the Network Edge” (5G-PINE)International audienceConsidering the challenges faced by the current Central Offices, this paper presents a novel architecture and related technological aspects of the Next Generation Central Offices (NGCOs), as envisioned within the OCTAPUS research project, towards the flexible support of the emerging capacity and latency demanding services. First, the main functional blocks of the OCTAPUS NGCO Data and Control planes are presented, with emphasis on the dynamicity of the optical paths within the NGCO and its reconfiguration capabilities. Then, focusing on the Control plane, we describe in detail its hierarchical structure, the role of the associated entities and the interactions among them. An example of network provisioning to support multiple concurrent next-generation services of realistic use cases in a real urban area is used to stress the need for NGCOs to adapt to different service requirements and temporal fluctuations in traffic demands, while catering for time-sensitive services with stringent delay requirements
Promoting Deployment of Innovative Use Cases in Market Verticals for the Support of 6G Evolution: The 6G-PATH Context
No full textPart 1: The 9th Workshop on “5G – Putting Intelligence to the Network Edge” (5G-PINE)International audience6G is a revolutionary technology that will transform many technologies and enhance applications by offering high QoS and QoE, especially due to the inclusion of AI and ML features. 6G will be able to satisfy communication demands going far beyond the 5G/B5G evolution. To achieve this goal it is essential to identify future communication needs, performance requirements, system challenges and major technical options that will influence progress of research. In this context, the involvement of verticals becomes a factor of critical influence, especially via newly proposed scenarios and use cases. The 6G-PATH project will build an extensive B5G/6G infrastructure where a set of core architectures and domain-specific capabilities will be brought together and made available for integration of applications and use cases of relevance within four addressed verticals (agriculture, education, health and smart cities) to conduct large-scale pilots and trials. Results will be collected and analyzed to generate appropriate lessons and requirements for future 6G communications and to refine leading-edge business models for the intended 6G commercialization and exploitation. In the present work we discuss and analyze in detail the ten fundamental use cases of the 6G-PATH project, together with proposed broader sets of KPIs and KVIs, per case, that will allow for a better defined and comprehensive number of requirements for the intended evolution towards 6G
The Unequal World of Migrant Domestic Workers in the Middle East: The Paradoxical Role of Technology
No full textPart 3: Giving Voice to Marginalised Perspectives in IS ResearchInternational audienceThis qualitative study examines the experiences of African domestic workers in the Middle East, with a focus on understanding the role of technology in shaping their experiences of social exclusion and invisibility. Utilising in-depth interviews with 21 returnee African domestic workers in Nigeria and Ghana, the study explores the multifaceted impact of technology on their lives in a foreign work environment. The research reveals that ICTs play a paradoxical role in the lives of these workers. On one hand, technology facilitates the global reach of traffickers, providing digital platforms for the commodification of human lives, on the other hand, technology emerges as a beacon of hope, offering means for these workers to maintain their identity and seek external assistance. A key finding is the varying levels of access to technology among the workers, which significantly influences their experiences of surveillance, control, and isolation. The study uncovers the intricate interplay of technology in both exacerbating and alleviating their marginalisation. The deprivation of technological access is revealed as both an economic issue and a form of social alienation. This study contributes to the understanding of the complex dynamics of social exclusion and the role of technology in the context of domestic work in the Middle East. It underscores the need for nuanced approaches in addressing the challenges faced by migrant domestic workers, highlighting the imperative for interventions that ensure equitable access to technology and enhance their social and legal agency. The findings of this study have significant implications for policy and practice, calling for a re-evaluation of the ethical and societal obligations towards migrant domestic workers
Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment: Imperatives for ICT4D Research
No full textPart 7: Research in Indigenous African LanguagesInternational audienceAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the environment is an emerging problem, particularly impacting low and middle income countries. The One Health (OH) approach currently being promoted by global and national agencies, while highlighting importance of studying the interconnections between humans, animals and environment, tend to downplay the environment. Further, this paper argues that the concrete methods and data required to design and develop digital environmental AMR monitoring systems within the context of governmental systems in LMICs are significantly under studied. This paper makes a small effort towards highlighting the problem of environmental AMR in LMIC contexts, and more particularly related to the design and development of a digital monitoring system. The paper argues IS and ICT4D research has an important role to play in this effort, particularly in bringing in principles of systems thinking to the design and development processes
Exploring the Digital Readiness of Underprivileged Secondary Schools in South Africa
No full textPart 7: Research in Indigenous African LanguagesInternational audienceThis study explored the issue of digital readiness in underprivileged secondary schools in South Africa, delving into the complexities and challenges associated with technology integration in education. The study focused on understanding the relationships between the availability of infrastructure, the attitudes of teachers towards using technology in teaching, the effectiveness of technological implementation, and external challenges such as load shedding. The study adopted a qualitative case study approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews to gain insights from participants on their experiences, perceptions, and challenges related to technology usage in the classroom. The findings highlight the disparity in infrastructure availability, with many schools grappling with insufficient or outdated equipment. Additionally, the study uncovered different attitudes among teachers, with older educators showing a leaning toward traditional teaching methods despite acknowledging the potential benefits of technology. The challenges of integrating technology into the daily teaching routine are further compounded by the unpredictable nature of load shedding, which disrupts planned activities and hinders the consistent use of technological tools. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the critical need for a context-aware approach in improving the digital readiness of underprivileged schools, underscoring the importance of continuous teacher training, administrative support, and strategic partnerships for equipment donation. It contributes significantly to existing literature by providing insights specific to the South African context and lays a foundation for future research and policy initiatives aimed at fostering digital literacy and readiness in underprivileged educational settings