Portail HAL de l'Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale
Not a member yet
11255 research outputs found
Sort by
Labels culturels et naturels : déficit de perception du signal
No full textInternational audienceThis presentation outlined the results of a quantitative field survey conducted in the French part of the Flemish maritime plain during the summer of 2023 on the perception of public recognition labels in the culture and nature sectors. The survey, conducted with the support of 12 local organizations, tested eight labels and their perception among visitors.The passion for labels (Lallement & Aïm, 2020) is a phenomenon that has a significant impact on regional tourism strategies. The labels issued by the French ministries of culture and ecology cover a wide range of activities, from preservation to support for artistic creation, which are not necessarily related to tourism. The tourism sector's exploitation of these prestigious and distinctive label brands treats them as its sole purpose. However, nothing in the constituent texts (laws, decrees, orders, or circulars) mentions the creation of these label brands for tourism purposes.As part of doctoral research, a survey conducted in the summer of 2023 among 312 visitors to certified sites in the area between the cities of Dunkirk, Calais, and Saint-Omer addressed the issue of how certified sites are perceived and used during vacations on the one hand and in everyday life on the other. Did these visitors come because these sites are certified? Is it because they are tourists or residents that they are more or less sensitive to certification practices?This presentation illustrated various findings revealed by the survey. Initially, the findings show the strong links of independence and weak dependence maintained by visitors to sites with regard to the targeted labels. These links clearly show a practice linked to the correlation between labeling in its normative and qualitative nature, but do not allow us to show a causality between labeling and visitor practices. Indeed, the ontological causality of the label, which is the ex ante and ex post driver of the quality of the experience, remains largely unknown to visitors.Secondly, this presentation distinguished between the practices and perceptions surrounding labels among residents of the survey area and tourists. The survey illustrates a tendency not to use labels, or even to be disinterested in them, during vacations, which is much more significant than in everyday situations.Finally, this presentation questioned the “blind spot” in visitors' perception of labels, namely the label as a verbal and visual signal. While visitors acknowledge the quality and desire to experience these labeled sites and intend to do so, the recognition of cultural and natural labels as distinctive signs of a high-quality recreational experience is paradoxically ineffective. These labels seem to suffer from a signaling deficit based on signifier without real signified.Cette communication a présenté les résultats d’une enquête de terrain quantitative menée sur la plaine maritime flamande durant l’été 2023 concernant la perception des labels dans les secteurs de la culture et de la nature. L’enquête conduite à travers l’appui de 12 structures du territoire a permis de tester huit labels et leur perception face à des visiteurs.La passion labellisante (Lallement & Aïm, 2020) constitue un phénomène conséquent à la stratégie touristique des territoires. La réalité des labels émis par les ministères de la culture et de l’écologie couvre un large panel d’activités allant de la préservation au soutien à la création artistique qui ne sont pas corrélées à une quelconque activité touristique. L’exploitation de facto de ces marques valorisantes et distinctives par le secteur touristique vient les alpaguer comme sa finalité exclusive. Or, rien dans les textes constitutifs (lois, décrets, arrêtés ou circulaires) n’évoque la création de ces marques à des fins touristiques.C’est dans le cadre d’une recherche doctorale qu’une enquête, conduite durant l’été 2023 auprès de 312 visiteurs de lieux labellisés du territoire compris entre les villes de Dunkerque, Calais et Saint-Omer, a traité la question de la perception et de la pratique des lieux labellisés en situation de vacances d’une part et dans un cadre quotidien d’autre part. Est-ce que ces visiteurs sont venus car ces lieux sont labellisés ? Est-ce parce qu’ils sont en situation de tourisme ou en situation d’habitant qu’ils sont plus ou moins sensibles à la pratique par label ?Cette présentation a illustré différents résultats révélés par l’enquête. Dans un premier temps, les résultats présentent les liens forts d’indépendance et de faibles dépendance entretenus par les visiteurs de lieux à l’égard du ou des labels ciblés in situ. Ces liens montrent bien une pratique liée à la corrélation de la labellisation dans son caractère normatif et qualitatif mais ne permettent pas de montrer de causalité entre label et pratique de fréquentation. En effet, la causalité ontologique du label qui est le moteur à la fois ex ante et ex post de la qualité de l’expérience demeure majoritairement méconnue des visiteurs.Dans un second temps, cette communication a distingué les pratiques et perceptions autour des labels entre les résidents du territoire d’enquête et les touristes. L’enquête illustre une tendance à la non utilisation, voire au désintérêt, des labels durant les vacances bien plus importante qu’en situation quotidienne.Enfin, cette communication a questionné « l’angle mort » de la perception des visiteurs des labels à savoir le label en tant que signal verbal et visuel. Tandis que la qualité et la volonté de vivre l’expérience de ces lieux labellisés sont admises par les visiteurs et constituent l’intention de pratique, la reconnaissance des labels culturels et naturels comme signes distinctifs d’une expérience ludique qualitative est paradoxalement non effective. Ces labels semblent souffrir d’un déficit de signal qui repose sur des signifiants sans réels signifiés
Statistical Framework for Butterfly Species Recognition Using Raw Spatio-Hyperspectral Images
No full textInternational audienceButterfly species recognition is essential for biodiversity monitoring and pest management. However, traditional approaches based on RGB images are limited by their reliance on color and shape features, making them sensitive to visual ambiguities such as similar color patterns across species and variations in wing shape or appearance during flight. While hyperspectral imaging (HSI) provides rich spectral information, its conventional use relies on the reconstruction and analysis of an HSI datacube, which is computationally intensive and unsuitable for real-time applications. We address this limitation by proposing a framework that bypasses the need for datacube reconstruction. Instead, it operates directly on raw spatio-spectral images captured by a compact HSI camera before reconstruction, resulting in limited spectral data for the detected butterfly. Assuming that the spectral features of butterfly species follow Gaussian distributions, we observe overlaps between some distributions due to spectral similarities among some species. To overcome this, we introduce a classification approach based on a convex combination of Gaussian Naive Bayes and Z-score methods. This approach proves more effective, yielding better results when butterflies are detected in the near-infrared wavelengths. We achieve an accuracy of 88.75% using near-infrared information from a single spatio-spectral image, reaching up to 97.5% when aggregating spectral information from a sequence of four spatio-spectral images
Amende record prononcée dans une CJIPE pour extraction et commercialisation frauduleuses d'eaux minérales
No full textInternational audience(TJ Épinal, CJIPE, 10 sept. 2024, no 20192000006/2415200049, LexBase Pénal, 2024, no 76, 28 nov. 2024, obs. G. Poissonnier ; D. actu. 30 sept. 2024, obs. V. Filhol, S. Harwood et B. Coelho Pais
The effect of an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise on a complex de novo motor learning task
No full textInternational audienceEvidence from literature suggests that motor learning and long-term retention of motor skills can be improved with a single session of exercise. However, most studies have used simple motor learning paradigms, for example abducting a finger or using a mouse to move a cursor on a screen. These paradigms only require low-dimensional control of movements and do not reflect the complexity of learning a new sensorimotor mapping from scratch or de novo. The study of de novo motor learning can provide insights into how real-world movements are acquired and consolidated. Here we used a de novo motor paradigm requiring the skilled combination of multiple finger movements to investigate the effects of a single session of moderate-intensity exercise either before or after learning.Fifty-nine healthy adult participants learned to move a cursor using the thumb, index finger and little finger of their right hand. The 3D-to-2D finger-to-cursor relationship was arbitrary and non-trivial. During the task, participants used the cursor to execute a center-out reaching task directed toward eight potential target locations. Motor skill acquisition was assessed during a first session and retention was measured in a second session 24 hours later. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: the EXE_PRE group performed 30 minutes of moderate-intensity cycling (75% theoretical HR) prior to the first session, the EXE_POST group performed the same exercise immediately after the first session, and the CTL group did no exercise and remained at rest. Motor skills were assessed using simple cursor-based indices, such as cursor trajectory length and straightness, while finger movement indices were also used.We found that participants learned the task in both training sessions, consolidated their skill between sessions, and continued to improve their skills in the second session, confirming the validity of the de-novo paradigm. We also showed that task learning differed depending on the target position in space and the complexity of the underlying finger movements. Our preliminary results suggest that moderate-intensity exercise, performed prior to a novel motor task requiring high-dimensional control of movement, can reduce baseline performance without impairing learning. These results have implications for the use of moderate exercise as an intervention to improve motor learning in various settings, including rehabilitation and education
The Dinoflagellate <i>Gonyaulax fragilis</i> Is ‘the Wrong Man’ of the Dirty Seas, and Reinstatement of <i>Steiniella</i> Within the Protoceratiaceae (Dinophyceae)
No full textInternational audienceThe production of mucilage aggregates is commonly associated with diatoms, but the harmful events known as ‘mare sporco’ or dirty seas have been attributed to the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax fragilis or G. hyalina. The synonymy of these taxa has been debated for decades. We report observations of G. fragilis from the Mediterranean Sea, and Atlantic and Indian Oceans, along with its SSU‐ and LSU rRNA gene and ITS region sequences from cells of the open Indian Ocean. The rDNA/ITS sequences are distantly related to those identified as G. fragilis from the Mediterranean Sea and New Zealand involved in dirty sea events. Unequivocally, G. fragilis is not the culprit of the mucilage events. Gonyaulax fragilis clusters with full support alongside with Schuettiella mitra, forming a sister group to the benthic genus Carinadinium, as an earlier branching lineage with the Protoceratiaceae (Ceratocorys, Pentaplacodinium, Protoceratium). A single anterior intercalary plate (1a) characterizes these genera, while the Gonyaulacaceae possess 2a. The genus Steiniella, first described for G. fragilis and S. mitra, has historically been synonymized with Gonyaulax. We reinstate Steiniella for these two species, and S. inflata, placing Schuettiella as a junior synonym. The species responsible of the mucilage events is attributed to G. hyalina
BB-MÉDCULT : Un projet de recherche collaborative sur les actions de médiation culturelle à destination des très jeunes enfants au sein des musées dans les Hauts-de-France
No full textThe BB-MÉDCULT research collective investigates the cultural and artistic awakening of children aged 0 to 3, with a particular focus on museum contexts. Bringing together researchers and professionals from developmental psychology, education sciences, and museology, the collective explores the role of the museum as a space for interaction and shared discovery between parent and young child. This report presents a study conducted at the Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille with 32 families, using questionnaires and video recordings. The findings highlight the museum’s role as an environment that supports adult-infant interactions and the evolution of families’ cultural practices, opening new perspectives for research on early artistic engagement in infancy.Le collectif de recherche BB-MÉDCULT étudie l’éveil culturel et artistique des enfants de 0 à 3 ans, en particulier dans le contexte muséal. Réunissant chercheurs et professionnels de la psychologie du développement, des sciences de l’éducation et de la muséologie, il explore le rôle du musée comme lieu d’interactions et de découvertes partagées entre le parent et le jeune enfant. Ce rapport présente une étude menée au Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille auprès de 32 familles, à partir de questionnaires et d’enregistrements vidéo. Les résultats mettent en lumière le rôle du musée comme espace soutenant les interactions adulte-bébé et l’évolution des pratiques culturelles familiales, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles perspectives pour la recherche sur l’éveil artistique des tout-petits
L'assiduité au travail et ses leviers coercitifs
No full textInternational audienceL'absentéisme est régulièrement analysé par les employeurs comme un fléau ; tandis que l'assiduité serait une finalité à poursuivre. Aussi plusieurs mesures sont-elles généralement adoptées ; en vue d'augmenter celle-ci et donc de diminuer celui-là. Si beaucoup de ces mesures sont amiables, incitatives, d'autres sont au contraire coercitives, punitives. Notre livre se focalise sur les leviers coercitifs utilisables par les employeurs. Ainsi, le travailleur absentéiste court le risque de subir une retenue sur salaire. Sauf dans les hypothèses où son absence est excusée par un texte officiel, ou bien par un contrat individuel ou collectif. Il encourt aussi des sanctions disciplinaires, dont la plus sévère est le licenciement (la révocation pour les fonctionnaires). Mais l'employeur pourrait se contenter de faire appel à une sanction morale (comme l'on dit abusivement). À savoir le rappel à l’ordre, l’avertissement, le blâme. Curieusement, l’employeur endure parfois des répercussions sociales, juridiques ou pécuniaires des mesures de rétorsion ainsi appliquées. Surtout lorsque le travailleur absentéiste est procédurier et/ou soutenu par un syndicat
Mobilization and deposition of plastic along an estuarine bank during tidal cycles
No full textInternational audienceEstuaries represent a transitional environment between continental and marine areas. Limited studies have evaluated how these complex systems contribute to plastic pollution dynamics at this interface. Here, an in situ experimental study was conducted in the Slack estuary, a small macrotidal estuarine system in northern France, to investigate the mobilization and deposition of plastic debris on an estuarine bank at a daily basis during six complete tidal cycles. To achieve this, plastics (macro, meso and microplastics with size ≥3 mm) of different composition and shape were manually deposited along an estuary bank on three different substrates: vegetation, gravel, and sand. The experimental design aimed to explore the complexity of the mobilization and deposition of plastic debris with regard to hydro-meteorological factors, types of substrates, size and shape of plastics. Results showed that tidal cycles played a significant role in plastic mobilization and deposition on the estuary bank. However, the nature of the substrate directly impacted the mobilization and deposition of plastics and the effect of wind may be particularly important for the deposition of allochthonous plastics. Most plastics (around 94 %, 37.9 ± 1.5 plastics/m2) were found to be mobilized after a complete tidal cycle while an average of 3.33 ± 1.8 plastics/m2 was deposited during the same period. Results suggested that in small macrotidal estuaries, the daily net retention is very limited since most plastics were mobilized after a tidal cycle. However, in vegetated substrate, the daily net retention can be 2 to 3 times higher than in other types of substrates (gravel and sand) highlighting the potential of dense vegetation to serve as a retention area for plastic waste
Temporal dynamics and tidal influences on plastic deposition, remobilization, and accumulation in an estuarine mixing zone in Northern France
No full textInternational audiencePlastic pollution represents a critical threat to estuarine environments, with the complex dynamics of plastic deposition, remobilization, and accumulation remaining understudied. This study investigated these three processes in a natural French estuary during semi-diurnal tidal cycles, focusing on the influence of these cycles, wind patterns, and substrate types. Repeated samplings were conducted at regular intervals, with six consecutive observations during low tides each month over a period of 3 months. OSPAR protocol along a 100 m2 transect was used, and plastic deposition rates ranged from 1.5 ± 0.54 plastics/100 m2 to 31.16 ± 8.06 plastics/100 m2 per semi-diurnal tide cycle. Remobilization rates varied from 50 to 100%, with substrates such as mud and gravel showing rapid remobilization and low accumulation, while dense vegetation retained up to nine times more plastic, acting as hotspots for accumulation. In addition, landward winds amplified this plastic deposition, increasing rates by a factor of 5 to 20, particularly during spring tides. Macroplastics dominated the various sizes of plastic deposited, and polymer analysis identified polyethylene and polypropylene as the most prevalent polymers. Long-term monitoring underestimated plastic retention by a factor of up to 20, highlighting the value of short-term, high-frequency observations to accurately study plastic dynamics. These results reveal the complex interaction of substrate characteristics, environmental factors, and tidal cycles in the regulation of plastic dynamics in estuarine environments and the need for targeted mitigation strategies to protect these ecosystems
b-Cyclodextrin/eucalyptol inclusion complex for improved postharvest date moth control
No full textInternational audienceBACKGROUND :The threats posed by pesticides to the environment and human health are well recognized by the scientific community. Thus, there is a need to go beyond their use and explore new alternatives. This study aims to evaluate the potential of eucalyptol, an organic natural compound found in certain plants essential oils, to control the date moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae. However, eucalyptol is volatile and can be lost during application, so it has been encapsulated in cyclodextrins (CDs) to overcome this drawback.RESULTS: Retention and formation constants of CD/eucalyptol inclusion complexes were determined. Solid inclusion complexes were then prepared in the form of powder or pellets using different (⊎-CD/eucalyptol) molar ratios. Release studies were performed for powder and pellets of inclusion complexes either placed in a humidity-controlled environment or immersed in water. The fumigant insecticidal activity of free and encapsulated eucalyptol was evaluated against the fifth instar larvae of Ectomyelois ceratoniae. Results showed that CD efficiently encapsulate eucalyptol in solution and in solid state with the 1:1 molar ratio showing the best encapsulation efficiency (79%) and loading capacity (135 mg/g). Under all conditions, eucalyptol was released more slowly from pellets. Higher fumigant activity, adult emergence inhibition and persistence were achieved by immersing solid powder and pellets of inclusion complex in water.CONCLUSION: The findings showed that CD provided a controlled release of eucalyptol with improved fumigation efficacy against date moth. Encapsulation of CD therefore appears to be a valuable strategy for developing biopesticides with reduced loss through regulated release and prolonged activity