Archives ouvertes de l'université catholique de l'Ouest
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Expériences d’enquête en terrain “politique” : une approche réflexive au service d’une posture compréhensive de l’action publique jeunesse et sports dans les quartiers QPV
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Les projets de recherche Praxis sur les questions environnementales
No full textNational audienceL’enjeu de cette présentation sera de revenir sur quelques projets en cours au sein de l’équipe qui croisent les enjeux environnementaux, sanitaires et territoriaux, et ce particulièrement autour des réflexions entamées dans le cadre du projet quinquennal et ses deux déclinaisons autour de Praxis « Territorialité et imaginaires du vivre ensemble » / « La corporéité : pratiques de soin et savoirs en santé ». Ces deux questions rejoignent des questionnements plus larges sur, par exemple, des démarches « One Health » ou encore les Objectifs du Développement Durable (ODD) et sur les nécessaires médiations informationnelles, communicationnelles, culturelles et médiatiques qui accompagnent les transitions (écologiques, sociales, économiques, etc.) sur nos territoires. Cette présentation sera également l’occasion d’un moment de réflexivité sur les méthodologies, les approches, les terrains et les corpus mobilisés par l’équipe notamment au travers du projet commun sur les formes graphiques de la médiation scientifique
Activist Measures and Legal Levers: An Interview with Dominique Masset
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Assessment of the viral contamination of fecal origin over a wide geographical area using an active approach with Dreissena polymorpha
No full textInternational audienceBiomonitoring appears to be a key approach to assess chemical or microbiological contaminations. The freshwater mussel, Dreissena polymorpha (D. polymorpha), is a suitable tool already used to monitor chemical and, more recently, microbiological pollution. In the present study, we used this sentinel species to monitor viral contamination of fecal origin over a wide geographical distribution. An active approach was implemented based on caging of calibrated and pathogen-free organisms with the same exposure conditions, allowing spatio-temporal comparisons between different water bodies. In addition, different types of sites were selected to investigate the range of environmental concentrations that D. polymorpha are able to translate. Different viral genome targets were measured: norovirus genogroup I and II (NoV GI and GII) and F-specific RNA bacteriophages belonging to the genogroup –I and –II (FRNAPH-I and -II). Total infectious FRNAPH were also monitored.D. polymorpha was able to translate a wide range of concentrations for all the viral targets studied, meaning that this sentinel species can be used for both low and highly anthropised sites. Moreover, D. polymorpha caging proved effective in achieving gradients of viral contamination of fecal origin pressure and to highlight the contribution of tributaries to the main rivers. D. polymorpha provided spatial and temporal variations of the viral contamination. It allowed to highlight the prevalence of the FRNAPH-I and -II genogroups according to the caging site. FRNAPH-II was found to be dominant in urban areas and FRNAPH-I in rural areas. This strategy uses the caging of the sentinel species D. polymorpha on selected sites with standardised analysis methods has proven to be a promising tool for characterizing viral contamination at both large and very fine scales
Understanding the Anthropocene through the immigration of unaccompanied children
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