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La coopération sans coopérative : la gestion des tensions au sein d’une organisation alternative d’inspiration anarchiste
No full textFNEGE 3International audienceThrough the study of self-managed grocery stores inspired by anarchist philosophy, we illustrate how tensions inherent to the alternative cooperative model manifest and are understood by the members of these organizations.To achieve this, we rely on a set of qualitative data. The results of the study highlight two specificities derived from anarchist philosophy—freedom and individual responsibility on the one hand, and autonomist leadership on the other—that enable actors to activate the three modes of tension resolution identified in the literature: acceptance, confrontation, and transcendence (Smith, 2011), in an original way. These results highlight ways to better manage tensions and avoid coalition dynamics that are present in most cooperatives.À travers l’étude d’épiceries autogérées s’inscrivant dans la philosophie anarchiste, nous montrons comment les tensions inhérentes au modèle alternatif des coopératives se manifestent et sont appréhendées par les membres de ces organisations. Pour y parvenir, nous nous appuyons sur un ensemble de données qualitatives. Nous constatons que deux spécificités émanant de la philosophie anarchiste – la liberté et responsabilité individuelle d’une part et le leadership autonomiste d’autre part – permettent aux acteurs d’actionner de manière originale les trois modes de gestion des tensions identifiées dans la littérature que sont : l’acceptation, la confrontation et la transcendance (Smith, 2011). Ces résultats mettent en lumière des pistes pour mieux gérer les tensions et éviter les logiques de coalitions qui se forment souvent au sein des coopératives
The 60:40 conundrum: are women with CKD discriminated after referral to a nephrology clinic?
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT Background Epidemiological data show that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is more prevalent among females than males but the prevalence of women in dialysis is lower, as is their representation in nephrology trials. We aimed to test whether sex distribution varies at nephrology referral, inclusion in a trial, or at the starting of dialysis. Methods We evaluated patients’ characteristics at the time of the first consultation in the Unit for the Care of Advanced CKD (UIRAV), at the inclusion in an observational study (PRO-RE-RE-PRO) and at the beginning of dialysis. Patient and renal survival analysis was performed in the pre-dialysis phase and after dialysis start. Reasons for denying participation to the proposed study and causes of death or withdrawal from follow-up and dialysis were likewise examined. Results During the period 2017–2023, 866 patients were referred to the UIRAV, 59% males and 41% females. Female patients were older, had lower comorbidity and were referred at the same eGFR than males. The same male/female proportion was observed in patients included in the PRO-RE-RE-PRO study and at dialysis start. Survival was significantly higher in females. Overall, distribution across sex remained stable over time. Conclusions Males and females are referred at similar eGFR levels, which appears to be the main reason for seeking nephrology care. Afterward, the ratio between males and females remains stable, suggesting that if a sex-selection bias exists, it should be sought before the first nephrology referral. However, further studies are needed to ensure that health equity is respected across sexes
« Point, C. (2023). Université et démocratie. La pensée éducative de John Dewey. Presses de l'Université Laval / Hermann » (recension)
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"Si nous avions su qu’il pensait tant l’éducation, nous l’aurions étudié davantage… ". Philosophie et cinéma au prisme de l’œuvre de Bertrand Tavernier
No full textInternational audienceThis article takes a philosophical look at the work of film-maker Bertrand Tavernier (1941-2021). We show that in his work there is a constant, consistent, coherent and articulate reflection on and thought about education and training, making him a kind of philosopher of education outside the academic walls. However, since Tavernier did not himself formulate this reflection as such, and since the study of his most explicitly school-oriented work, Ça commence aujourd'hui (1999), alone is not sufficient to take the measure of it, we propose a reconstruction based on a cross-sectional study of the corpus of his twenty-two feature-length films, made possible in particular by several earlier, more targeted studies that we have already devoted to his work.Cet article se propose de s’intéresser philosophiquement à l’œuvre du cinéaste Bertrand Tavernier (1941-2021). Nous y montrons qu’il existe dans son œuvre une réflexion sur et une pensée de l’éducation et de la formation, laquelle est constante, consistante, cohérente et articulée, faisant de lui une sorte de philosophe de l’éducation hors les murs académiques. Cependant, Tavernier ne l’ayant pas formalisée lui-même comme telle, et la seule étude de son œuvre la plus explicitement dédiée au monde scolaire, Ça commence aujourd’hui (1999), ne suffisant pas seule à en prendre la mesure, nous en proposons une reconstruction sise sur une étude transversale du corpus de ses vingt-deux longs-métrages de fiction, permise notamment par plusieurs études antérieures, plus ciblées, que nous avons déjà consacrées à son œuvre
Une comparaison Québec-France du vécu des directions d'établissement d'enseignement public durant la pandémiede la COVID-19 : enjeux et risques pour la santé
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De quelques questions sur les « collectifs ».: Retours d’expériences
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Change in exercise capacity, physical activity and motivation for physical activity at 12 months after a cardiac rehabilitation program in coronary heart disease patients: a prospective, monocentric and observational study
No full textInternational audienceBackground Exercise capacity (EC) and physical activity (PA) are relevant predictors of mortality in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) but the CHD-specific long-term trajectories of these outcomes after a cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program are not well known. The main objective of this study was to determine the mean change in EC (6-min walking test (6MWT) distance) in CHD patients at 12 months after a CR program compared to the end of the program. We also performed a series of exploratory analyses: (i) estimating the decile shifts and the typical (median) individual change for EC, PA (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form Metabolic Equivalent of Task (IPAQ-SF MET)-min/week), and motivation for PA (Echelle de Motivation envers l’Activité Physique en contexte de Santé (EMAPS) scores) over the 12-month follow-up period; (ii) characterizing the PA motivational profiles at the end of the program and 12 months after the program; (iii) characterizing the barriers to PA perceived at 12 months; and (iv) estimating the categories of changes in EC and PA over time and their potential predictors. Methods Eighty-three patients were recruited at the end of a CR program. Results For an average patient, EC was trivially increased at 12 months. However, the decile shifts analysis did not confirm that the positive shift of the distribution of the performances over time was uniform. In contrast, we observed a significant decrease in PA between the end of the program and 12 months post-program but not between 6 and 12 months post-program when considering both the group of patients as a whole and the typical individual change. The results regarding motivation for PA were mixed, with significant and non-uniform shifts of the deciles towards scores depicting degrees of autonomous and controlled motivations as well as amotivation that would be more in favor of PA, but with no significant typical individual changes except for introjected regulation. Two motivational profiles were identified both at the end of the program and 12 months after the program: one with a very high level of autonomous motivation and a high level of introjected regulation; and another one with a high level of autonomous motivation and a moderate level of introjected regulation. Unfavorable weather, lack of time, fatigue, and fear of injury were the main barriers to PA at 12 months post-program. The change in EC and PA could be categorized into different classes without the possibility to determine any potential predictor of the assignment to a given class. Overall, these results suggest that clinicians managing a CR program with CHD patients as the one implemented in the present study may expect slightly positive or at least steady trajectories in EC, PA (after 6 months), and motivation for PA during the year after the program when considering the bulks of the distributions of patient scores. However, these global trajectories are actually the results of heterogeneous individual changes with some profiles of patients who could need a particular attention
A prospective randomised controlled trial investigating the impact of a musculoskeletal injury prevention warm-up program for youth badminton: A preliminary study
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Addressing evidence needs during health crises in the province of Quebec (Canada): a proposed action plan for rapid evidence synthesis
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the rapid availability of evidence to respond in a timely manner to the needs of practice settings and decision-makers in health and social services. Now that the pandemic is over, it is time to put in place actions to improve the capacity of systems to meet knowledge needs in a situation of crisis. The main objective of this project was thus to develop an action plan for the rapid syntheses of evidence in times of health crisis in Quebec (Canada). Methods We conducted a three-phase collaborative research project. First, we carried out a survey with producers and users of rapid evidence syntheses ( n = 40) and a group interview with three patient partners to prioritize courses of action. In parallel, we performed a systematic mapping of the literature to identify rapid evidence synthesis initiatives developed during the pandemic. The results of these two phases were used in a third phase, in which we organized a deliberative workshop with 26 producers and users of rapid evidence syntheses to identifying strategies to operationalize priorities. The data collected at each phase were compared to identify common courses of action and integrated to develop an action plan. Results A total of 14 specific actions structured into four main axes were identified over the three phases. In axis 1, actions on raising awareness of the importance of evidence-informed decision-making among stakeholders in the health and social services network are presented. Axis 2 includes actions to promote optimal collaboration of key stakeholders in the production of rapid evidence synthesis to support decision-making. Actions advocating the use of a variety of rapid evidence synthesis methodologies known to be effective in supporting decision-making are presented in axis 3. Finally, axis 4 is about actions on the use of effective knowledge translation strategies to promote the use of rapid evidence synthesis products to support decision-making. Conclusions This project led to the development of a collective action plan aimed at preparing the Quebec ecosystem and other similar jurisdictions to meet knowledge needs more effectively in times of health emergency. The implementation of this plan and its evaluation will enable us to continue to fine-tune it