Archives ouvertes de l'université catholique de l'Ouest
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Le capital-Marque en héritage : un levier identitaire pour valoriser le patrimoine immatériel de l'entreprise, ses productions et services: Le parallèle du Groupe Jean Hénaff et de la Faïencerie de Gien
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Instituer une éducation laïque à la spiritualité ?: Réflexions sur des conditions et modalités
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Veille
No full textNational audienceVeille normative et juridique, assurance et responsabilité civile: risques de durabilité, non assurabilité des sanctions pécuniaires, rapport de la Cour des comptes, durabilité et devoir de vigilance des entreprise
Veille
No full textNational audienceVeille normative en responsabilité civile et assurances février mars 2025: assurance agricole, loi de financement de la sécurité sociale, loi de finances, acpr, projet e-privacy, projet AIL
Extreme variability of vascular responses to slightly different abduction angles during abduction and external rotation tests, in patients with suspected thoracic outlet syndrome
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Objective. Patients may not always perform a perfect 90° upper limb abduction when doing an abduction, external rotation test for the evaluation of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS). We aimed to study the vascular responses to three slightly different abduction angles. Approach. We recorded fingertip arterial (A-PPG) and forearm venous (V-PPG) photo-plethysmography in 111 patients referred for suspicion or follow up of TOS. The measurements were made bilaterally during a 30 s surrender position, followed by moving elbows in the frontal plane without changing elbow and hand level to open the costo-clavicular angle (prayer position) to standardize venous results, either: slightly below (<90°), at the same level of (∼90°), or slightly above (>90°) the shoulder level, in a random order. Main results. With abnormal results defined as A-PPG <5%rest and V-PPG < 70%max in the surrender position, 54 of the 222 upper limbs were normal at all three tests. The proportion of abnormal tests decreased with the increase in abduction angle (Cochran Q < 0.05), 135 upper limbs showed impaired venous outflow for one ( n = 74), two ( n = 47) or the three angles ( n = 14) without arterial inflow impairment at any of the three tests. Significance. Slight changes from a ‘perfect’ 90° abduction angle gave unreliable results during elevation, abduction, external rotation stress tests. A venous outflow impairment should probably be considered a physiologic response at <90° abduction
Citizen Profiles Based on Social Capital in the Spanish Fiscal Context: Profile Development and Multivariate Consistency Analysis
No full textInternational audiencePrevious studies have established that social capital plays a significant role in individual tax-related behaviors, including inclinations toward tax evasion and compliance. This study seeks to extend the understanding of tax morale in Spain using data from the Public Opinion and Fiscal Policy Survey (CIS, Study 3332). We use factor analysis with maximum likelihood extraction and Varimax rotation to identify key social capital variables and tax attitudes. We identify profiles based on their social capital and tax compliance using cluster analysis. We will apply hierarchical clustering with Ward's chaining and k-means clustering. The robustness of the resulting profiles will be confirmed by discriminant analysis and a multilayer perceptron neural network, which will look for higher rates of correct classification as an indicator of improved profile consistency. Our findings suggest that identifying Spanish tax citizens' profiles helps analyze social capital in tax policy. After our analysis, we have determined that enhancing the accumulation of social capital variables leads to better tax adherence
Entre mythe et représentations : comment pratiquent les judokas ?
No full textInternational audienceLe judo, pratique de préhension d’origine japonaise, fait partie des artsmartiaux et sports de combat (SC-AM). Ces derniers sont reconnus comme étantdes pratiques extrêmement variées. Qu’elles proviennent d’Asie (origines japonaise,chinoise, thaïlandaise, indienne, etc.) ou plus simplement qu’elles soient issuesde l’Histoire européenne, ces pratiques peuvent parfois paraître tout à fait différentes.L’intégration de pratiques a priori totalement étrangères au combat au seindes SC-AM peut éventuellement contribuer à rendre difficile de cerner l’ensemblede ces pratiques. Néanmoins, cette densité de pratiques intégrées au champ desSC-AM permet également d’en améliorer la vision. Souvent mythifiées, les représentationssociales (Jodelet, 1999) qui émaillent les pratiques sont caricaturales etne revêtent pas l’ensemble des raisons de pratiquer. Quelles sont-elles ? Dans untravail initial (Régnier, Héas, Bodin, 2002), l’étude des arts martiaux chinois avaitpermis d’élaborer un continuum de pratiques qui permettait d’appréhender l’ensembledes SC-AM en nous basant sur la définition d’Audiffren et Crémieux (1996).L’étude des pratiques équestres, considérées comme des SC-AM, a permis d’établirce même continuum tout en dépassant ces réflexions pour établir une vision de lapratique pluridimensionnelle (Régnier, 2016) dont les spécificités résonnent avecl’ensemble des pratiques de combat. Cette vision des représentations de pratique,en cours d’évolution, peut être étayée par des travaux antérieurs (Calmet, 2002)qui incitent à tenter de proposer ces réflexions là encore pour l’ensemble des SCAMdans le cadre d’une généralisation des concepts élaborés durant l’observationdes pratiques équestres. Quatre valeurs idéal-typiques permettent d’appréhenderles SC-AM et les représentations des pratiquants. Au travers d’une enquête inéditeportant sur le judo et d’un questionnaire distribué très largement et internationalement,nous faisons l’hypothèse que ces quatre dimensions peuvent êtredémontrées au travers des représentations des pratiquants de judo (Weber, 1919): Performatif, techniciste, relationnel, santé. Les réponses aux questions orientéessur ces thématiques seront traitées selon la méthode Condorcet (Valade, 1995). Cemodèle permet d’avoir une idée de ce qui, potentiellement, pourrait s’appliquer àl’ensemble des pratiques retenues dans le vocable de SC-AM
Biochemical Composition and Seasonal Variations of the Madagascar Algae Eucheuma denticulatum (Solieriaceae, Rhodophyta)
No full textInternational audienceAlthough the density and diversity of seaweeds in Madagascar is particularly high, these resources are underexploited and they are not part of the local population's eating habits. No study has been carried out on the nutritional properties and seasonal variation of Eucheuma species harvested in Madagascar. In this study, Eucheuma denticulatum was harvested monthly over two years (2021 and 2022) on the northeast coast of Madagascar (Sainte Marie Island). The compositional analysis revealed prominent sugars and minerals up to 41.0 and 39.5% dw, respectively. E. denticulatum showed slight variability over the seasons in the macroelements and oligoelements (Ca, K, Na, Mg, Fe, Mn) ranging from 22.8 +/- 0.2 to 25.3 +/- 0.1% dw in 2021 and 22.1 +/- 0.3 to 26.5 +/- 0.3% dw in 2022. Total amino acids varied from 2.3 +/- 0.6 to 2.5 +/- 0.6% dw during the two years. Seaweed extracts showed antioxidant activity by the in vitro method ranging from 2026 +/- 2 to 2998 +/- 4 mu g.mL-1 in 2021, and from 1904 +/- 2 to 2876 +/- 4 mu g.mL-1 in 2022. Finally, the principal component analysis (PCA) showed a correlation between protein content and environmental parameters. The nutritional characteristics therefore confirmed that E. denticulatum could potentially be used as a nutritious and functional food and could be incorporated in the diet of local populations
Juveniles at risk: behaviour and colour changes in sole juveniles (Solea solea) after exposure to estuarine ragworms (Hediste diversicolor) contaminated with microplastics
No full textInternational audienceDue to strong anthropogenic pressures and their location at the interface between continental and oceanic environments, estuarine areas are affected by significant diverse pollution and species that live in these areas are particularly exposed. Microplastic (MPs) pollution is a worldwide issue and causes substantiated trouble in estuaries where sometimes the number of MPs equal or exceed the number of fish larvae which suggest a high risk of contamination of biota especially in benthic organisms and demersal fish. There are growing evidence that, beyond intrinsic toxicity, MPs can transfer chemicals (additives or pollutants). In order to get closer to environmental situations, in this study we tackled an issue that is rarely dealt with, namely the trophic transfer of MPs and chemicals through the food chain between a sediment- and a benthic-feeder. To take into account these specificities, we used an emblematic and common species of the European coastlines, the common sole (Solea solea) and its annelid prey.Sole juveniles were fed with estuarine ragworms (Hediste diversicolor) previously exposed to MPs via enriched MPs sediment. The MPs used were either a mixture of micronized plastics collected from the Seine Estuary (eMPs, two environmental concentrations at 1 or 100 mg/kg of sediment, median size range 52-77 μm) or model MPs of PVC particles (at 1 g/kg of sediment, size range 125-250 μm), either uncontaminated or contaminated with Benzo(a)Pyrene (BaP, 11.5 μg/g MPs) or benzophenone-3 (BP3, 66 ng/g MPs). Several indicators of health status such as survival, growth, behaviour, energy metabolism, and histopathology were studied. Sole individuals fed ragworms exposed to eMPs or PVC MPs displayed a change in behaviour (place preference between black/white background). Seine Estuary eMPs lead to an increase in body colour chroma for the highest concentration and behaviour was modified with an increase in time spent on white bottom and transition number for the highest concentration when distance moved increased only at the lowest concentration. Sole exposed to BaP-PVC-MPs displayed the lowest time spent on white background compared to control and BP3-PVC-MPs group. Soles exposed to BP3-PVC MPs displayed a significant skin colour increase in chroma and a wider combination of value/chroma reflecting more diverse skin colours. Finally, lipid content in muscle and DNA damage were significantly higher in BP3-MPs. Although the exact mechanisms underpinning such changes are largely unknown, these observations are indicative of physiological stress which may have a significant impact on survival by increasing predation risks for fish juveniles, hence the ecosystem health and calls for further trophic transfer experimental research