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Polypharmacy and chronic kidney disease: A dangerous combination ?
No full textEnsemble des poster abstracts DOI 10.1111/fcp.70023International audienc
Ethylene sulfite and vinylene carbonate additives in acetonitrile-containing electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries: SEI impedance and XPS investigation
No full textInternational audienceElectrolyte solvents play a crucial role in extending the operating temperature range of Li-ion batteries. This article emphasizes the importance of precise adjustment of the amount of vinylene carbonate (VC) additive when incorporated with ethylene sulfite (ES) into a 20 vol% acetonitrile-containing carbonate electrolyte, with the aim to achieve enhanced LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2/graphite pouch cell power performance at −5 °C. After determining the intrinsic characteristics of the electrolyte, including its ionic conductivity, viscosity, and lithium cation solvation shell using Raman spectroscopy analysis, the Li+ cation transport properties within the SEI are meticulously examined through the study of the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) extracted from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) spectra and its composition elucidated by infrared (IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This study reveals significant information about the reduction reaction mechanisms leading to varying amounts of ES, VC, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), acetonitrile and carbonate reduction compounds in the SEI, some of which are suspected to be the main compounds responsible for the observed differences in power performance
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) offers novel potential therapeutic targets for Pendred syndrome/non-syndromic deafness DFNB4
No full textOral sessionInternational audienc
Facteurs de risque d’échec thérapeutique après une première ligne d’immunosuppresseur dans les uvéites chroniques non infectieuses
No full textIntroduction: Treatment failure in chronic uveitis is a common occurrence that can lead to structural damage that is sometimes irreversible. Understanding the risk factors associated with this failure is essential for optimizing treatment strategies. Objectives: To identify the risk factors for treatment failure after first-line immunosuppressive therapy in CNIU patients at 3-4 months of follow-up. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of the medical records of patients who received first-line immunosuppressive treatment for uveitis. The list of patients was obtained from the SOFTALMO software of the Amiens University Hospital (from the computerization of records in January 2013 to January 2023). Results: Of the 192 patients with CNIU with posterior segment involvement, 60 were included. The mean age was 48.6 ± 16.6 years, with a sex ratio of 1. More than half of the patients (58.3%) experienced treatment failure with first-line immunosuppressants at 3 months, mainly due to a lack of pharmacological response; this rate decreased to 31.9% at 6 months. The main risk factors identified during reassessments were smoking (active or former) and African ethnicity. In the longer term, initial corticosteroid boluses and intravitreal dexamethasone implants were also associated with treatment failure. Certain clinical characteristics, such as retinal vasculitis, hypertensive uveitis, or male gender, showed only trends, while the presence of papillitis appeared to be protective. Conclusion: Our study highlights a high failure rate of first-line immunosuppressive in CNIU with posterior segment involvement. We have identified several predictive factors, including smoking and African origin. The development of a predictive score therefore appears essential to optimize management, enabling earlier initiation of intensive therapeutic strategies and reducing the risk of visual sequelae that could lead to blindness.Introduction : l’échec thérapeutique dans les uvéites chronique est une situation fréquente, pouvant engendrer des dommage structuraux parfois irréversible. Comprendre les facteurs de risque associé à cet échec est essentiel pour optimiser les stratégie thérapeutique. Objectif : identifié les facteurs de risque d’échec thérapeutique après une première ligne d’immunosuppresseur dans les UCNI à 3-4 mois de suivi. Matériels et méthodes : nous avons réalisé une étude de cohorte rétrospective sur les dossiers médicaux des patients ayant reçu un traitement IS de première ligne pour une uvéite. La liste des patients a été obtenue à partir du logiciel SOFTALMO du CHU d'Amiens (depuis l'informatisation des dossiers en janvier 2013, jusqu'en janvier 2023). Résultats : sur les 192 patients atteints d’UCNI avec atteinte du segment postérieur, 60 ont été inclus. L’âge moyen était de 48,6 ± 16,6 ans, avec un sex-ratio de 1. Plus de la moitié des patients (58,3 %) présentaient un échec thérapeutique de la première ligne d’immunosuppresseurs à 3 mois, principalement lié à une absence de réponse pharmacologique ; ce taux diminuait à 31,9 % à 6 mois. Les principaux facteurs de risque identifiés lors des réévaluations étaient le tabagisme (actif ou sevré) et l’ethnie africaine. À plus long terme, la réalisation de bolus de corticoïdes initiaux et la pose d’un implant intravitréen de dexaméthasone étaient également associés à l’échec thérapeutique. Certaines caractéristiques cliniques, comme la vascularite rétinienne, l’uvéite hypertensive ou le sexe masculin, montraient seulement des tendances, tandis que la présence d’une papillite semblait au contraire protectrice. Conclusion : notre étude met en évidence un taux élevé d’échec des IS de première ligne dans les UCNI avec atteinte du segment postérieur. Nous avons identifié plusieurs facteurs prédictifs, notamment le tabagisme et l’origine africaine. Le développement d’un score prédictif apparaît ainsi essentiel pour optimiser la prise en charge, en permettant d’initier plus précocement des stratégies thérapeutiques intensives et de réduire le risque de séquelles visuelles pouvant évoluer vers la cécité
State of the spread of the exotic parasitoid wasp Leptopilina japonica tracking the route of its invasive host fly Drosophila suzukii in France
No full textInternational audienceAbstract The spotted‐wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii , is one of the most damaging invasive fruit pests in the world. It infests a wide range of wild and crop host plants, impacting natural habitats and causing significant economic losses. Leptopilina japonica , a predominant larval parasitoid of D. suzukii in the native areas of the fly, is now spontaneously expanding into non‐native areas of its fly host. This study documents the presence and genetic structure of L. japonica collected from various wild and cultivated fruits across 11 sites in France in 2023. Leptopilina japonica emerged from 15% of fruit samples and was strongly positively associated with D. suzukii , showing parasitism rates of up to 38.5%, notably in Lonicera fruits. Despite this, D. suzukii remained dominant, indicating a limited current biocontrol effect, while native parasitoids were nearly absent from samples. Molecular analyses using COI markers revealed 10 distinct haplotypes of the L. j. japonica subspecies in France that clustered into three groups, suggesting multiple introductions and/or migration routes into France from Asia, North America and neighbouring European countries. The lack of nuclear diversity measured from ITS2 markers suggests that the colonization is recent and that the populations experienced a bottleneck process. Nevertheless, a more extensive sampling combined with the use of additional genetic markers would be needed to better understand the origin and spread of L. japonica and its consequences on the equilibrium of Drosophila communities
Einleitung
No full textInternational audienceDie vorliegende Publikation versteht sich als Fortsetzung des vor drei Jahren in dieser Reihe erschienenen Sammelbandes Aufklärungsdiskurse in der deutschsprachigen Regionalpresse Zentraleuropas,1800-1920. Dessen Fokus bildete die Frage nach den Deklinationen der Aufklärung in der Regionalpresse des multiethnischen Raumes der Habsburger-Monarchie im ‚langen‘ 19. Jahrhundert unter zwei Gesichtspunkten : einerseits erforschten die Beiträgerinnen und Beiträger die Art und Weise, wie sich der Transfer französischer und (nord-)deutscher Aufklärungsideen in den verschiedenen Textsorten der Presseorgane niederschlug, und anderseits interessierten sie sich für eventuelle zentraleuropäische Besonderheiten des Aufklärungsdiskurses in jenen Gebieten, die geographisch im Zentrum des europäischen Kontinents lagen, kulturell aber als „Peripherie“ oder – vom Zentrum Wien aus gesehen – als tiefste „Provinz“ galten
Les ateliers de viande militaires, une production intégrée pendant la Première Guerre mondiale
No full textInternational audienceMeat products were an essential part of soldiers’ rations during the First World War. Faced with the challenges of food security, armies modernised their supplies, making massive use of industrially processed, frozen and tinned meat products. The French army took part in this rationalisation drive, reducing its dependence on beef while ensuring the acceptability of meat substitutes, an essential command tool. Through an integrated approach to meat processing, which was gradually becoming more global and prescriptive, it developed refrigerated abattoirs that were better suited to mass supply, harnessed butchers’ expertise to create new products, and processed inedible by-products. These initiatives contributed to the Allies’ food supply advantage, but in France, where many obstacles to the transformation of the meat industry persisted after 1918, modernisation of the sector remained limited.Los productos cárnicos eran una parte esencial de las raciones de los soldados en la Primera Guerra Mundial. Ante los retos de la seguridad alimentaria, los ejércitos modernizaron sus suministros recurriendo masivamente a la carne procesada industrialmente, congelada o enlatada. El ejército francés participó en esta dinámica de racionalización reduciendo su dependencia de la carne de res y garantizando al mismo tiempo la aceptabilidad de los sustitutos cárnicos, una herramienta de mando esencial. A través de un enfoque integrado de la transformación cárnica, progresivamente más global y prescriptivo, el ejército desarrolló mataderos refrigerados mejor adaptados al suministro masivo, movilizó la experiencia de carniceros y charcuteros para crear nuevos productos y se ocupó del tratamiento de los subproductos no comestibles. Estas iniciativas contribuyeron a la ventaja de los Aliados en términos de abastecimiento alimentario, pero en Francia, donde después de 1918 persistían numerosos obstáculos a la transformación de la industria cárnica, la modernización del sector siguió siendo limitada.Les produits carnés constituent un élément essentiel des rations des soldats de la Première Guerre mondiale. Face aux enjeux de sécurité alimentaire, les armées modernisent leur approvisionnement, recourant massivement aux produits transformés industriellement, viande congelée ou en conserves. L’armée française s’inscrit dans cette dynamique de rationalisation, diminuant sa dépendance au bœuf tout en veillant à l’acceptabilité des substituts proposés à la viande, un outil de commandement indispensable. À travers une approche intégrée de la transformation carnée, progressivement plus globale et prescriptive, elle développe des abattoirs frigorifiques mieux adaptés au ravitaillement de masse, mobilise les savoir-faire bouchers et charcutiers pour créer de nouveaux produits, et traite les sous-produits non comestibles. Ces initiatives contribuent à l’avantage des Alliés en matière d’approvisionnement alimentaire, mais en France, où de nombreux freins à la transformation de l’industrie de la viande persistent après 1918, la modernisation de la filière reste limitée
Enhancing IoMT Security with Explainable Machine Learning: A Case Study on the CICIOMT2024 Dataset
No full textInternational audienceExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) enhances the transparency and interpretability of AI models, addressing their inherent opacity. In cybersecurity, particularly within the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), the black-box nature of AI-driven threat detection poses a significant challenge. Cybersecurity professionals must not only detect attacks but also understand the reasoning behind AI decisions to ensure trust and accountability. The rapid increase in cyberattacks targeting connected medical devices threatens patient safety and data privacy, necessitating advanced AI-driven solutions. This study compares two ensemble learning techniques, bagging and boosting, for cyber-attack classification in IoMT environments. We selected Random Forest for bagging and CatBoost for boosting. Random Forest helps reduce variance, while CatBoost improves bias by combining weak classifiers into a strong ensemble model, making them effective for detecting sophisticated attacks. However, their complexity often reduces transparency, making it difficult for cybersecurity professionals to interpret and trust their decisions. To address this issue, we apply XAI models to generate local and global explanations, providing insights into AI decision-making. Using techniques like SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations) and LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations), we highlight feature importance to help stakeholders understand the key factors driving cyber threat detection
“As long as the waters run, as long as the grass grows.” The land-based resistance and resurgence of Oklahoma’s tribal nations: a creative (re)appropriation of Indian Territory.
No full textInternational audienceOklahoma, formerly known as Indian Territory, is home of thirty-nine federally-recognized tribes, most of them deported there in the 19th century to clear the path for the colonizer. Upon arrival and despite great hardship, these groups reterritorialized rather successfully, but due to White settlement, the lands which they had been promised would be theirs forever were later dismantled, while their cultures were crushed by assimilationist policies, and before their institutions were finally dissolved with the creation of the State of Oklahoma in 1907. Relying on their own values and ability to adapt and forge new ways, these nations have displayed their specific yet typically Native capacity to culturally appropriate their new lands. For Joshua Nelson (Cherokee), “home is a movable center”; identities can be imagined “as being located in values and practices, which relate to place […], [and] places can be resanctified” . Furthermore, through an ironic reversal of the dominant group’s weapons, and after two major albeit defeated attempts in 1875 and 1905 , several tribes have recently seized the opportunity of a judicial case to claim back sovereignty on their old territories. Indeed, in 2020 the US Supreme Court’s McGirt decision stated that the reservations of the five large eastern tribes (and those of four other smaller nations) had never been disestablished – nearly half the state’s surface, a legal and political tsunami. The fallouts of this decision are evidently complex and challenging in terms of implications, implementation and reception – “McGirt is not an end, but a beginning” . As Rennard Strickland (Osage, Cherokee) wrote, "[t]o this day, this Native dream of an Indian state remains a key to both tribal and Oklahoma history"
Fundamental polytope for the isometry group of an alcove
No full textInternational audienceA fundamental alcove d is a tile in a paving of a vector space V by an affine reflection group Waff. Its geometry encodes essential features of Waff, such as its affine Dynkin diagram Dr and fundamental group Omega. In this article we investigate its full isometry group Aut(d). It is well known that the isometry group of a regular polyhedron is generated by hyperplane reflections on its faces. Being a simplex, an alcove d is the simplest of polyhedra, nevertheless it is seldom a regular one. In our first main result we show that Aut(d) is isomorphic to Aut(Dr). Building on this connection, we establish that Aut(d) is an abstract Coxeter group, with generators given by affine isometric involutions of the ambient space. Although these involutions are seldom reflections, our second main result leverages them to construct, by slicing the Komrakov-Premet fundamental polytope X' for the action of Omega, a family of fundamental polytopes for the action of Aut(d) on d whose vertices are contained in the vertices of X' and whose faces are parametrized by the so-called balanced minuscule roots, which we introduce here. In an appendix, we discuss some related negative results on stratified centralizers and equivariant triangulations