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Neonatal brain age estimation from T2-weighted magnetic resonance images using shallow regression analysis
No full textInternational audienc
P1073 Real-World Effectiveness, Symptomatic Improvement, and Safety of Upadacitinib in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Ulcerative Colitis: Interim Findings From the PROFUNDUS Study
No full textInternational audienceBackground Upadacitinib (UPA), an oral Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi), is approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC).1,2 The Prospective Real-World Study of UPA in UC (PROFUNDUS) is an open-label, noninterventional study evaluating physician prescribing patterns and clinical endpoints among UPA-treated patients with moderate-to-severe UC in routine clinical practice (initiated 15Aug2022); this interim analysis assesses real-world (RW) clinical effectiveness, symptomatic improvement, and safety.4 Methods Patients, comprising 494 of the first 500 eligible adults (18-79 years [yrs]), in the full analysis set (FAS), with moderate-to-severe UC who initiated once-daily UPA across 16 countries, per investigator discretion and according to the local label; steroid tapering was not mandated and left to investigator discretion. Baseline (BL) demographics and disease characteristics were reported among FAS; endpoints assessed included clinical response per Partial Adapted Mayo score (PAMS), corticosteroid (CS)-free response per PAMS, clinical remission (CR) per Partial Mayo score, absence of abdominal pain, and absence of bowel urgency at week 26 among evaluable FAS pts and by advanced therapy (AT) status (AT-experienced vs AT-naive; cut-off date: 28Feb2025). Safety endpoints were assessed, with treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) reported as counts and percentages. Results Among FAS at BL (last measurement on or before the initial UPA dose), the mean (SD) patient age was 39.4 (13.3) yrs, with 57.1% males, 21.5% on CS; mean (SD) disease duration was 7.8 (7.0) yrs, with 54.6% of patients being AT-experienced, 41.9% failed ≥1 TNF, and 14.2% failed ≥1 JAKi. At week 26, 81.8%, 72.4%, 66.3%, and 71.9% of patients achieved clinical response, CR, no abdominal pain, and no bowel urgency, respectively; among those on BL CS, 64.4% attained CS-free response (Table 1). Similar results were observed for all endpoints regardless of AT status (Table 1). Among patients treated with UPA45/UPA15, UPA45/UPA30, or any UPA dose, TEAEs were as follows: any AE, 66.0%; 50.8%; 51.4%, serious AEs, 3.8%; 4.6%; 5.7%, and severe AEs, 5.7%; 4.0%; 5.5% (Table 2). Within this overall cohort, the subgroup of patients who experienced TEAEs potentially related to UPA exhibited serious and severe AEs at 3.6%, 6.3%, 6.9%, and 7.1%, 5.4%, 6.9%, respectively (Table 2). Conclusion In the PROFUNDUS study, UPA-treated patients with UC achieved high rates of clinical and symptomatic improvement, regardless of AT status within an RW setting. Overall, UPA was well-tolerated, with few serious AEs observed, most of which were unrelated to UPA, as determined by the study investigator. References: 1. AbbVie Inc. RINVOQ (upadacitinib) [package insert] US Food and Drug Administration. Revised May 2023. 2. AbbVie Inc. RINVOQ (upadacitinib). Summary of Product Characteristics. European Medicines Agency. Revised Feb 2025. 3. Danese S, et al. Lancet. 2022;399:2113–28. 4. Panaccione R, et al. UEG Journal 2025;13. Abstract MP781. Conflict of interest: Panaccione, Remo: Grant: Abbvie, Janssen, Pfizer, Takeda Other: Consultant for: Abbott, AbbVie, Abbivax, Alimentiv (formerly Robarts), Amgen, AnaptysBio, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Cosmos Pharmaceuticals, Eisai, Elan, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith Kline, JAMP Bio, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Oppilan Pharma, Organon, Pandion Pharma, Pendopharm, Pfizer, Progenity, Prometheus Biosciences, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, Sandoz, Satisfai Health, Shire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Spyre Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Theravance Biopharma, Trellus, Union Biopharma, Viatris, Ventyx, UCB Speaker’s Fees for: AbbVie, Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck, Organon, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Shire, Takeda Pharmaceuticals Advisory Boards for: AbbVie, Alimentiv (formerly Robarts), Amgen, Arena Pharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Fresenius Kabi, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxo-Smith Kline, JAMP Bio, Janssen, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Oppilan Pharma, Organon, Pandion Pharma, Pfizer, Progenity, Protagonist Therapeutics, Roche, SandozShire, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Ventyx. Fumery, Mathurin: Grant: Pfizer Personal Fees: Abbvie, Janssen, Takeda, MSD, Biogen, Amgen, Sandoz, Fresenius, Gilead, Celgene, Galapagos, Mylan, Tillots, Ferring, Pfizer, Hospira, CTMA, Boehringer, Lilly, Arena Non-financial Support: Abbvie, Janssen, Takeda, MSD, Galapagos, Ferring, Pfizer Bettenworth, Dominik: Advisory board or consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, Arena, Atheneum, BNG Service GmbH, Bristol Myers Squibb, CED-Service GmbH, Celltrion, Doctorflix, DGVS, Diaplan, Else Kröner-Fresenius Foundation, Falk Foundation, Galapagos, Guidepoint, Impulze, Ferring, Janssen Cilag, Lilly, Medical Tribune, MedTriX, MSD, Mylan, Onkowissen, Pharmacosmos, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Takeda, Tetrameros, Thieme, Tillotts Pharma, UCB Biopiharma, Viatris and Vifor Pharma. Danese, Silvio: Personal Fees: AbbVie, Alimentiv, Allergan, Amgen, Applied Molecular Transport, AstraZeneca, Athos Therapeutics, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Dr Falk Pharma, Eli Lilly, Enthera, Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc., Gilead, Hospira, Inotrem, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Morphic, MSD, Mundipharma, Mylan, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sublimity Therapeutics, Takeda, Teladoc Health, TiGenix, UCB Inc., Vial, Vifor Lecture fees from Abbvie, Amgen, Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc., Gilead, Janssen, Mylan, Pfizer, Takeda Morisset, Pierre: Employee of AbbVie and may own stock and/or stock options. Mallick, Madhuja: Employees of AbbVie and may own stock and/or stock options. Chen, Shirley H.: Employee of AbbVie and may own stock and/or stock options. Kim, Jae: Employees of AbbVie and may own stock and/or stock options. Suravaram, Smitha: Employee of AbbVie and may own stock and/or stock options. Parkes, Gareth: Personal payments, honoraria, speaker fees, travel grants and/or fellowships from AbbVie, Allergan, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Ferring, Galapagos, Janssen, Napp, Takeda, and Tillotts, and directorship and shareholding with Ampersand Health. Dr. Parkes reports personal grants from AbbVie personal consulting fees from AbbVie, Arena, Aslan, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Heptares, LabGenius, Janssen, Monte Rosa, MSD, Mylan, Novartis, Numab, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Takeda, UCB, and XAP membership of the ECCO Scientific Committee, and membership in the UEG Scientific Committee director of Endoread
Le Parlement à l'épreuve du temps. Entre urgence politique et exigence délibérative
No full textInternational audienc
Porous geopolymer monoliths: synthesis, characterization, and performance as a novel bulk solid adsorbent for CO2 capture
No full textInternational audienceThis study introduces a novel geopolymer system based on Spent Potlining (SPL), an industrial waste byproduct, used as an aluminosilicate precursor (in combination with metakaolin, MK) and as a gas-generating agent for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture. Five geopolymer mixes (SM1-SM5) were synthesized by varying the SPL/MK ratio to investigate its effect on pore structure and CO2 adsorption performance. Geopolymer formation was confirmed through XRD, 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR, and FTIR analyses. BET surface area and total pore volume progressively increased across the sample series (SM1-SM5), with SM5 achieving the highest surface area (15.04 m2/g) and pore volume (0.1074 cm3/g). SEM revealed cohesive and homogeneous microstructures, indicating effective geopolymerization, while micro-CT imaging showed enhanced macroporosity and interconnected pore networks with increasing SPL content. Notably, SM1 (100% SPL) exhibited rapid gas release and expansion, forming a highly open, interconnected macroporous structure with the highest total porosity (76.2%). Pore morphology analysis using Fiji-ImageJ indicated predominantly spherical pores. Thermal conductivity increased from 0.074 W/mK in SM1 to 0.113 W/mK in SM5, correlating with increasing density and decreasing porosity. SM5 also demonstrated the highest adsorption capacity (0.069 mmol/g), surpassing both pure SPL (0.035 mmol/g) and pure MK (0.036 mmol/g), highlighting the synergistic effect of combining SPL and MK
Les sciences de l’éducation au prisme des acteurs
No full textInternational audienceCe chapitre entend dresser un état des lieux de la discipline au prisme de trois institutions : le CNU, l’association des chercheurs en sciences de l’éducation et l’association transdisciplinaire en histoire de l’éducation. Il nous est apparu, en effet, que prendre le point de vue des acteurs était indispensable. Il faut préciser, à propos du CNU et pour lever toute ambiguïté ou tout reproche que l’on pourrait nous adresser, que nous avions demandé la même analyse aux représentants des trois autres listes syndicales présentes en section 70. Une seule liste a bien voulu répondre par le biais de son représentant : nous le remercions et regrettons que les autres n’aient pas trouvé le temps nécessaire. Le chapitre est organisé ainsi en trois moments : le CNU, l’AECSE et l’ATHRE. Chacun de ces acteurs avait carte blanche et nous les en remercions de nous avoir fait confiance et d’aider ainsi à mieux comprendre le paysage actuel des sciences de l’éducation en France. [...]Le Conseil national des universités (CNU) : principales évolutions de 1993 à 2020 -- Évolution de la structure démographique des enseignants-chercheurs en sciences de l’éducation en France (1993-2020) -- Typologie des enseignants-chercheurs en sciences de l’éducation en France (2020)L’AECSE : de quelques déterminants et caractéristiques des sciences de l’éducation (et de la formation) en France -- Le poids des conditions locales sur la structuration de la discipline -- Une croissance importante des effectifs d’enseignants-chercheurs et leur dissémination -- Une transformation du public des sciences de l’éducation -- Diversité des contenus d’offre de formation en licence -- Le changement de nom de la discipline : révélateur d’enjeux identitaires et professionnels -- Sciences de l’éducation et formation des enseignantsL’Association transdisciplinaire pour les recherches historiques sur l’éducation et les sciences de l’éducation (L’ATHRE)</b
Male Hormonal Contraceptives in Comprehensive Family Planning: Policy and Implementation Pathways to Advance Equity in Reproductive Rights
No full textInternational audienceMale contraceptive options remain largely limited to condoms and vasectomy, while family planning services and monitoring indicators often prioritize women, contributing to inequities in contraceptive responsibility. This review examines how future male hormonal contraceptives (MHCs) could support more equitable, rights-based family planning, and what policy and implementation pathways are needed for responsible integration. We conducted a narrative synthesis of peer-reviewed studies and policy/advocacy guidance on male engagement in family planning and on MHC development (searches in PubMed/Scopus/Google Scholar and key organizational sources; 2000–May 2025), focusing on acceptability, service-delivery readiness, governance, and potential system impacts. Evidence indicates substantial interest in MHCs among men and women in hypothetical studies and trials, but highlights persistent barriers: gender norms, limited routine sex-disaggregated data on men’s participation, provider and service constraints, and insufficient public/private investment. Model-based analyses suggest that novel, reversible male methods could avert unintended pregnancies (with larger effects in settings with lower baseline contraceptive uptake) and that preventing unintended pregnancies can yield cost savings to health systems. Ethical discussions increasingly emphasize a dyadic perspective on risk and decision-making, alongside safeguards for autonomy and rights. We conclude that coordinated policy action—linking regulation, financing, service delivery, communication, and monitoring—is needed to expand couple-focused counselling, reduce stereotyping in care, strengthen indicators, and accelerate implementation pathways for MHCs while safeguarding women’s options and agency
Metabolic acidosis causes a Fanconi-like syndrome with intracellular trafficking defects and proximal tubule dysfunction
No full textInternational audiencePatients suffering from distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) are sometimes diagnosed with proximal tubule dysfunction with leaks of phosphate, uric acid, amino acids, and low–molecular weight proteins, a condition also known as Fanconi-like syndrome. The underlying molecular basis is largely elusive. We previously reported on ATPase H + transporting V0 subunit a4 ( Atp6v0a4 ) knockout (KO) mice, which exhibit severe metabolic acidosis in combination with proximal tubule dysfunction as evidenced by phosphaturia and proteinuria. Here, we show that ras analog in brain 7 (Rab7), a key regulator of endolysosomal trafficking and lysosomal biogenesis, was diminished, and the number of abnormal lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (Lamp1)–positive vesicles labeled for increased sodium tolerance 1 (Ist1) was increased in proximal tubules of Atp6v0a4 KO mice. This was accompanied by the accumulation of autophagosomes, autolysosomes, and autophagic substrates. Correction of metabolic acidosis with bicarbonate therapy resolved proximal tubule dysfunction and trafficking defects in Atp6v0a4 KO mice. After 28 days of acid challenge, wild-type mice showed comparable trafficking defects to Rab7 down-regulation and an increase in Ist1-labeled Lamp1-positive vesicles and proximal tubule damage. Acidosis-induced decreases in RAB7-labeled particles and increased numbers of IST1-labeled LAMP1-positive particles also occurred in proximal tubule correlates of human kidney organoids derived from the widely used induced pluripotent stem cell line KOLF2.1J. Together, our data provide insight into why patients suffering from severe dRTA can develop a Fanconi-like syndrome, which may contribute to the progression of chronic kidney failure
Enabling AI-Controlled additive manufacturing with real-time multiphysics digital twins
No full textInternational audienceAdditive manufacturing (AM) offers unparalleled design freedom but remains limited by complex, nonlinear process physics that hinder consistent quality and autonomous control. This work introduces a real-time multiphysics simulation framework that provides the foundational simulation layer required for a future digital twin of fused filament fabrication (FFF). Built on a GPU-accelerated, mesh-free solver named Merlin, the framework couples Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), Position-Based Dynamics (PBD), and explicit heat transfer within a unified particle-based architecture. This allows the model to reproduce key thermomechanical behaviours-fluid flow, solid deformation, and heat diffusion-while maintaining interactive rates suitable for closed-loop experimentation and reinforcement learning (RL). Validation against polylactic acid (PLA) extrusion experiments shows good agreement in bead geometry (5–25% error). A proof-of-concept RL controller trained using Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) successfully modulated extrusion flow rates to improve deposition coverage. Together, these results demonstrate that a fast, GPU-native simulation engine can provide reliable synthetic data and support learning-in-the-loop workflows, establishing a practical foundation for fully integrated digital twin systems enabling autonomous and adaptive AM
« Binge drinking » : ce n’est pas seulement « combien » on boit, c’est aussi « combien de fois » - et le cerveau trinque
No full textInternational audienceLes conséquences du binge drinking ne sont pas seulement liées à la quantité d’alcool ingérée. Des travaux de recherche expérimentaux menés sur des rongeurs suggèrent que la fréquence des épisodes d’alcoolisation importante altère la plasticité cérébrale, qui plus est de façon différente selon le sexe. Des résultats qui expliqueraient pourquoi, chez les jeunes, des déficits mnésiques peuvent apparaître dès les premiers épisodes de binge drinking