Collection HAL Kedge Business School
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La participation des salariés à la gouvernance d’entreprise : quel impact sur la performance et la politique de distribution des liquidités dans le SBF120 (2000-2014) ?
No full textInternational audienceThis article analyses the impact of employee shareholding and participation in governance bodies on the performance and cash distribution policy of French companies. This empirical work is based on data from a combination of three sources (IODS, Eikon and Thomson Reuters) for a sample of listed companies in France over the period 2000-2014. Our results indicate that employee participation in corporate governance has various effects: employee shareholding makes it possible to increase the profitability of companies but it also allows for the curbing of their dividend payment and share buyback practices. At the same time, employee participation in the board of directors (or supervisory board) moderates the payment of dividends to shareholders. These results form part of the discussion on the renewal of corporate governance and the development of cash distribution policy
Influencer is the New Recommender: insights for Theorising Social Recommender Systems
No full textInternational audienc
Sustainable Tourism
No full textInternational audienceCurrent approach to the management of World Heritage sites and the associated tourism is not always effective. Indeed, operators of Chteau de Versailles, Alhambra, and Vatican Palace trade-off visitors' revenues against damage to these sites. We study the effective dynamic behavior of a firm managing a heritage site. In an optimal control model, the operator sets pricing and heritage conservation policies. Heritage sites benefit from spending on conservation but are deteriorated by large numbers of visitors. Visitor numbers increase with the attractiveness of the site but decrease with the entrance fee. Our results characterize optimal pricing and heritage conservation policies over time and provide a stronger foundation for sustainable tourism policies
Pandemic buying: Covid-19 and purchasing behaviour of French households
No full textIn this study, we use comprehensive French consumer data from the Nielsen ScanTrack retailer panel to analyse the progression of purchasing trends of French households during the coronavirus outbreak. Our results are threefold: First, we observe three temporal phases, namely the normal (pre-Covid-19) period, the anticipation period, and the lockdown period. During the three weeks of anticipation (24 February-15 March), sales of basic and cleaning products increased by 17%. The first week of the preventive lockdown saw panic buying with sales jumping by 30%, followed by a more subdued growth during the subsequent weeks of the lockdown. We found these time trends to be similar to those observed in Italy and Spain. Second, sales of the hypermarkets fell by 6% during the lockdown, while those of supermarkets and convenience stores rose by 13% and 28% respectively. Online sales through drive stores (80%) and home delivery (93%) showed the highest growth. Covid-19 appears to have accentuated the joint evolution of two major phenomena: strong development of E-commerce, and the desire of the households to visit small shops close to their homes. Third, in terms of product categories, we observe an increase in basic, easy-to-store food products, an increasing consumption of fresh, local & organic products, a significant increase in the purchase of basic hygiene products, and a decline in the purchase of cosmetics. In the latter case, Covid-19 seems to have accentuated a fundamental trend in household purchases in France: "eat local"
Optimization of omnichannel inventory system
No full textInternational audienceOptimization of omnichannel inventory syste
Strategic framing of enabling technologies: Insights from firms digitizing smell and taste
No full textInternational audienceStrategic framing of a technology refers to activities that firms undertake to create favorable meaning for their technologies and foster their adoption. The success of such framing depends on the extent to which these technologies resonate with audiences within local settings. This paper examines how firms approach strategic framing activities to establish resonance in multiple local contexts when producing enabling technologies, i.e., novel technologies that address multiple and heterogeneous markets. Through a longitudinal case study of three companies that produce technologies to digitize smell and taste, this study offers a dynamic understanding of strategic framing by companies as they switch between different frames to establish resonance with audiences within and across markets
Engagement in vice food and beverage consumption: The role of perceived lack of control
No full textInternational audiencePrior research has established a link between lacking control over one's life, the resulting stress, and the maladaptive outcome of eating disorders. However, such research has left unexamined the exact link among perceptions of control, stress, and unhealthy food choices. This study aims to fill this gap by identifying the exact sequence linking these variables and explaining why stress induced by low control leads to engagement in vice food consumption. Based on self-licensing theory, we predict that a perceived lack of control indirectly prompts people to engage in vice food and beverage consumption, because a lack of control leads to higher personal stress and, consequently, a need to escape through self-indulgence. Across one survey-based study in France and two experiments (in the United States and the United Kingdom), we find consistent support for our hypothesis. The results support the prediction that a perceived lack of control increases the consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages. Specifically, when consumers feel a lack of control over their life, they experience stress, seek an escape from this stress, and end up self-indulging through the consumption of vice food and beverages. For public policy-makers and brand managers, the results suggest that having people perceive more control over their life is of particular importance to staying healthy
Inventory availability commitment under uncertainty in a dropshipping supply chain
No full textInternational audienceDropshipping, where e-retailers manage marketing and dropshippers manage inventory and fulfillment, has become a common practice in e-commerce. However, due to information asymmetry, some e-retailers require dropshippers to share available inventory quantity committed to them on a periodic basis (x-hour, day,...), via an availability commitment. Such commitment leaves the potential for dropshippers to overpromise and exploit availability pooling benefit as it does not involve physical transaction. To further prevent fulfillment failure, some e-retailers stop accepting more orders once remaining promised quantity falls below a promised availability threshold, which is unknown to the dropshipper. In this paper, leveraging the collaboration with a dropshipping furniture manufacturer in the US market, we tackle the inventory availability commitment (IAC) problem for dropshippers at the operational decision level. Three commitment policies are proposed based on varying overpromising allowance: guaranteed fulfillment, controlled fillrate, and penalty-driven fillrate policies. The IAC optimization problem, under uncertain customer demand and retailers threshold, is modeled as a two stage stochastic program. Experimental results on a case study demonstrated that penalty-driven fillrate policy is a dominating policy for a dropshipper under any availability level while the impact of overpromising is maximized under lean availability. E-retailers imposing thresholds tend to receive more availability than those not imposing any threshold in general. However, non-overpromising dropshippers with lean or lower availability level will promise less availability to e-retailers imposing threshold
Social equity-based distribution networks design for the COVID-19 vaccine
No full textInternational audienceThis study aims to investigate the role of social equity in vaccine distribution network design problems. Inspired by the current COVID-19 vaccine allocation in-country context, we capture social equity-based distribution by modeling three theories: Rawls’ theory, Sadr’s theory, and utilitarianism. We consider various social groups based on degree of urbanization, including inhabitants of cities, towns and suburbs, and rural areas. The distribution problem is subject to, on the one hand, demand-side uncertainty characterized by the daily contamination rate and its space–time propagation that anticipate the in-need population. On the other hand, supply-side uncertainty characterized by the stochastic arrival of vaccine doses for the supply period. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel bi-objective two-stage stochastic programming model using the sample average approximation (SAA) method. We also develop a lexicographic goal programming approach where the social equity objective is prioritized, thereafter reaching an efficiency level. Using publicly available data on COVID-19 in-country propagation and the case of two major provinces in Iran as example of middle-income country, we provide evidence of the benefits of considering social equity in a model-based decision-making approach. The findings suggest that the design solution produced by each social equity theory matches its essence in social science, differing considerably from the cost-based design solution. According to the general results, we can infer that each social equity theory has its own merits. Implementing Rawls’ theory brings about a greater coverage percentage in rural areas, while utilitarianism results in a higher allocation of vaccine doses to social groups compared to the Sadr and Rawls theories. Finally, Sadr’s theory outperforms Rawls’ in terms of both the allocation and cost perspective. These insights would help decision-makers leverage the right equity approach in the COVID-19 vaccine context, and be better prepared for any pandemic crisis that the future may unfold
Gender Diversity for Supply Chain Sustainability
No full textInternational audienceThe study of gender diversity in supply chain management (SCM) has been overlooked in the literature and still remains a marginal subject for most companies even though it is part of the Sustainable Development Goals from the United Nations. Nevertheless, this chapter provides an overview of the scientific literature on the subject within three frames: from the careers of women in SCM, analyzing the expected benefits of true diversity management in SCM, and to the issue of women and transgender “victims” approach linked to supply chain activities. This overview leads us to ratify the importance of debating gender diversity as a vital issue towards sustainability. Examples of companies’ initiatives and other representative organizations are presented as illustrations of these frames. All the elements presented allow us to draw up managerial implications on the benefits companies could gain from an increased gender diversity and how to get there. Finally, avenues for future research are presented to foster the subject