Portail des publications scientifiques IMT Mines Alès
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Making sense together: dance improvisation as a framework for a collaborative interdisciplinary learning processes
No full textInternational audienceThis editorial outlines the outcome of an interdisciplinary session on collective sense-making through dance improvisation, which took place during the ‘Neural and Social Bases of Creative Movement’ workshop. We argue that joint improvisation practices place the scientist in a privileged position to reveal the nature of cognitive and creative behaviors
L’Homme et l’Intelligence Artificielle : une contribution du numérique à la collaboration
No full textNational audienc
Is activation of the vestibular system by electromagnetic induction a possibility in an MRI context?
No full textInternational audienceIn recent years, an increasing number of studies have discussed the mechanisms of vestibular activation in strong magnetic field settings such as occur in a magnetic resonance imaging scanner environment. Amid the different hypotheses, the Lorentz force explanation currently stands out as the most plausible mechanism, as evidenced by activation of the vestibulo‐ocular reflex. Other hypotheses have largely been discarded. Nonetheless, both human data and computational modeling suggest that electromagnetic induction could be a valid mechanism which may coexist alongside the Lorentz force. To further investigate the induction hypothesis, we provide, herein, a first of its kind dosimetric analysis to estimate the induced electric fields at the vestibular system and compare them with what galvanic vestibular stimulation would generate. We found that electric fields strengths from induction match galvanic vestibular stimulation strengths generating vestibular responses. This review examines the evidence in support of electromagnetic induction of vestibular responses, and whether movement‐induced time‐varying magnetic fields should be further considered and investigated
The Growing Cybersecurity Crisis in Healthcare: A Call to Action
No full textInternational audienceElectronic healthcare technology is pervasive throughout the globe, and it affords vast opportunities to enhance clinical outcomes, as well as for the transformation of models of care. Concerns are, however, growing, related to healthcare data and device security. Increased connectivity to legacy computer networks brought cybersecurity vulnerabilities for medical devices. Healthcare represents an attractive target for cybercrime because healthcare data is precious. This sector in present times is full of unique cybersecurity challenges, especially for susceptible kinds of patient information at stake. Second, many legacy systems will be prevalent—not adding more to that—with the changing face of cyber threats. Cybersecurity breaches have comprised stealing health information and focused ransomware attacks on hospitals; this could mean as vivid an attack as on implanted medical devices. This only points to the fact that ransomware attacks and other kinds of cyber-attacks against hospitals and other medical facilities are gaining ground; there is every reason to get alarmed and put in place stricter cybersecurity measures. An excellent healthcare cybersecurity strategy, therefore, has to consider access control, intrusion detection systems, encryption techniques, and periodic security testing. Data breaches and cyber-attacks are forcing any healthcare provider to invest in new state-of-the-art technologies related to keeping pace with trends regarding cybersecurity. The dangers that can be caused by cyber-attack include a considerable diminution in patient trust, potential health system collapse, human life threats, etc. On the whole, cybersecurity is strenuously linked with the question of patient safety
Combining Biological Treatment And Electro-Oxidation In A Membrane Bioreactor For An Integrated Solution To Urban Wastewater Treatment, Particularly Targeting Micropollutants
No full textInternational audienceThe global demand for freshwater, particularly reclaimed water, underscores the urgent need to address wastewater challenges in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the European Water Framework Directive (EU WFD). Recent revisions to the EU WFD have imposed stricter limits on nutrient releases and introduced new requirements for micropollutant removal. Concurrent research focuses on the complexities of 'emerging' micropollutants due to their uncertain effects on aquatic ecosystems and potential exposure levels (Lim et al., 2020). Anaerobic membrane processes show potential in degrading micropollutants via microfiltration/ultrafiltration (MF/UF) membranes. However, the substantial energy demands and limitations in addressing persistent hazardous micropollutants at trace concentrations due to limited anaerobic biotransformation rates remain concerns (Liu et al., 2020). This highlights the critical need for research, innovation, and advanced treatment facilities to efficiently remove organics and micropollutants while minimizing energy consumption and maximizing biogas recovery (Sanchez et al., 2022)
Se préparer à l’imprévisible : la nécessaire confiance envers l’organisation de soin et les collègues
No full textNational audienceL’actualité internationale nous rappelle que l’humanité doit régulièrement faire face à des crises ayant des impacts sanitaires (risques épidémiques, environnementaux, d’accidents massifs, d’attentats, etc.). L’hôpital, en tant que service de santé publique, a le devoir de gérer ces crises. Ces dernières, aussi appelées Situations Sanitaires Exceptionnelles (SSE) peuvent entraîner une désorganisation de l’hôpital et mobiliser les personnels hospitaliers dans un mode dégradé (Direction générale de la santé, 2014). Leur préparation est donc primordiale pour gérer ces situations (Barasa et al., 2018). Cependant ces SSE sont par définitions incertaines et imprévisibles. Ainsi, cette présentation s’attache à questionner les représentations des personnels hospitaliers associées à ces SSE. Plus précisément, comment les personnels hospitaliers pensent-ils la gestion de ces situations ? Comment perçoivent-ils le rôle de leur organisation et collègues pour gérer ces situations et quels enjeux éthiques y sont associés ? Pour répondre à ces questions, cette présentation propose de mobiliser les concepts de confiance (Laurent, 2019) et d’éthique du soin (Gros, 2007) des personnels hospitaliers envers leur environnement socioprofessionnel
Possibilistic Approach for Meta-analysis
No full textInternational audienceMeta-analyses offer interesting tools for combining the results of studies carried out by several authors on the strength of the observed effect of one variable on another, also called the effect size. The models proposed for the meta-analysis are within the statistical framework, which makes it possible to make hypotheses on the parametric probability laws related to the effect size variable. However, probability theory shows its limits for combining information from heterogeneous sources. In the absence of the assumption of homogeneity, the aggregation by a weighted average of the effect sizes, adopted in the meta-analyses to obtain the final effect size, does not seem to reflect the informationprovided by most sources. In this article, we propose a meta-analysis that takes advantage of possibility theory techniques to combine incomplete information from heterogeneous sources. The resulted possibility distribution allows to distinguish between plausible and less plausible values for the effect size of a treatment, for example, given trials performed by different authors. The illustration of the proposed possibilistic meta-analysis concerns the ”post-COVID-syndrome”. More precisely, the illustration focus on the prevalence of Fatigue symptom. The article shows that it is far from reality to consider the assumption of homogeneity for such data. Instead, group of coherent studies are identified using maximum coherent subsets. The results considering the two approaches are presented
Syntheses and supramolecular associations of block and grafted phosphonated- and sulfoned-silicone copolymers
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents some studies exploiting the ate-type addition of electron-withdrawing monomers tohydrogenosiloxane groups so as to generate original silicone materials. Two types of monomers were oligomerizedonto silicone backbones, namely unsaturated phosphonate and sulfone monomers.Phosphonated silicones are thermally more resistant than conventional silicones and can be transformedinto amphiphilic polymers after selective ester hydrolysis. Sulfoned silicones generate solid supramolecularelastomers thanks to the strong pseudo-ionic interactions between multiple sulfone groups. Rheologyand modulated DSC show a transition around 175 °C, corresponding to the disruption of strongly interactingstacked oligomers. Block copolymers can be reprocessed using a chaotropic salt, whereas graftedcopolymers are not reprocessable after solvent removal. These results open new avenues in the generationof silicone block- and grafted-copolymers with unique functionality and properties
Getting Inspiration for Feature Elicitation: App Store- vs. LLM-based Approach
No full textInternational audienceOver the past decade, app store (AppStore)-inspired requirements elicitation has proven to be highly beneficial. Developers often explore competitors' apps to gather inspiration for new features. With the advance of Generative AI, recent studies have demonstrated the potential of large language model (LLM)-inspired requirements elicitation. LLMs can assist in this process by providing inspiration for new feature ideas. While both approaches are gaining popularity in practice, there is a lack of insight into their differences. We report on a comparative study between AppStore- and LLM-based approaches for refining features into sub-features. By manually analyzing 1,200 sub-features recommended from both approaches, we identified their benefits, challenges, and key differences. While both approaches recommend highly relevant sub-features with clear descriptions, LLMs seem more powerful particularly concerning novel unseen app scopes. Moreover, some recommended features are imaginary with unclear feasibility, which suggests the importance of a human-analyst in the elicitation loop
Brain-movement relationship during upper-limb functional movements in chronic post-stroke patients
No full textVoir aussi le pre-print : https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3650213/v1International audienceBackgroundFollowing a stroke, brain activation reorganisation, movement compensatory strategies, motor performance and their evolution through rehabilitation are matters of importance for clinicians. Two non-invasive neuroimaging methods allow for recording task-related brain activation: functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (fEEG), respectively based on hemodynamic response and neuronal electrical activity. Their simultaneous measurement during movements could allow a better spatiotemporal mapping of brain activation, and when associated to kinematic parameters could unveil underlying mechanisms of functional upper limb (UL) recovery. This study aims to depict the motor cortical activity patterns using combined fNIRS-fEEG and their relationship to motor performance and strategies during UL functional tasks in chronic post-stroke patients.MethodsTwenty-one healthy old adults and 21 chronic post-stroke patients were recruited and completed two standardised functional tasks of the UL: a paced-reaching task where they had to reach a target in front of them and a circular steering task where they had to displace a target using a hand-held stylus, as fast as possible inside a circular track projected on a computer screen. The activity of the bilateral motor cortices and motor performance were recorded simultaneously utilizing a fNIRS-fEEG and kinematics platform.Results and conclusionsKinematic analysis revealed that post-stroke patients performed worse in the circular steering task and used more trunk compensation in both tasks. Brain analysis of bilateral motor cortices revealed that stroke individuals over-activated during the paretic UL reaching task, which was associated with more trunk usage and a higher level of impairment (clinical scores). This work opens up avenues for using such combined methods to better track and understand brain-movement evolution through stroke rehabilitation