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Efficacy and Predictors of Success of External Ventricular Drainage for the Management of Traumatic Intracranial Hypertension: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study
No full textInternational audienceBackgroundExternal ventricular drainage (EVD) is commonly used to manage elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) following traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, evidence supporting its effectiveness in this context remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of EVD in controlling elevated ICP and to identify clinical and radiological factors associated with its success. Methods A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2022, across nine regional trauma centers in France participating in the Traumabase registry. All TBI patients with intracranial hypertension despite maximal medical therapy and treated with EVD were included. EVD success was defined as an effective control of ICP avoiding the use of any third-tier therapy or avoiding a decision to withdraw life-sustaining treatment due to both refractory intracranial hypertension and severity of brain injury lesions.ResultsA cohort of 176 TBI patients with EVD was included. Among these patients, 88 (50%) achieved sustained control of intracranial pressure after EVD, with few complications reported (healthcare associated ventriculitis: 3%, significant hematoma (>1cm) on EVD path: 3%). In the multivariate analysis, sedation with a combination of sedative drugs (OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.12-0.62, p=0.002), obliterated basal cisterns on the brain CT scan prior to EVD placement (OR 0.07; 95% CI 0.00-0.39, p=0.013) and severity of chest trauma (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.64-0.99, p=0.039) were factors associated with poor likelihood of EVD success. Conversely, EVD placement occurring more than 24 hours after admission was independently associated with success (OR 3.07; 95% CI 1.41–7.01, p=0.006). Conclusion In this multicenter cohort of TBI patients with refractory ICH, EVD effectively controlled intracranial pressure in half of the cases. The effectiveness of EVD appears to depend on clinical and radiological markers of severity of traumatic intracranial hypertension
Soil moisture and the number of simultaneous stressors drive interactions among global changes on denitrification
No full textInternational audienceDenitrification, the microbial reduction of nitrate into nitrogen-containing gases, is a major source of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. How denitrification responds to the concurrent influence of multiple global changes remains uncertain. Here, we investigate the interactive effects of warming, elevated CO2, increased precipitation, nitrogen supply and fire on potential denitrification in a long-term global change experiment. We show that the combined effects of global changes deviate from expectations based on combining their effects as single factors. Wetter soils promoted positive interaction terms (i.e., observed combined effects that are greater than expected combined effects), and the strength of those interactions increased linearly with the number of simultaneous global changes. In a world of increased precipitation in many areas and of multifactor global change, our findings suggest that current models underestimate the impacts of global change on denitrification and associated climate feedbacks
The Rightmost Particle of the Contact Process on Dynamic Random Environments
No full textWe study the behaviour of the rightmost occupied site in two models: the Spont process and the contact process with inherited sterility, in dimension 1. Both can be viewed as contact processes evolving in dynamic random environments, where the environment may itself depend on the state of the process. In the Spont process, blocking particles appear spontaneously, while in the inherited sterility model, sterile sites arise as offspring of occupied ones. Each model presents distinct mathematical challenges: the Spont process lacks self-duality, whereas the inherited sterility process is non-attractive. We establish a law of large numbers and a central limit theorem for the position of the rightmost occupied site. Our approach is based on the construction of a sequence of renewal times, defined through a detailed analysis of active infection paths. These results are obtained in the supercritical regime of the Spont process.</div
Cerium dioxide nanoparticles coated with benzo[a]pyrene modify aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity, trophoblast differentiation and mitochondrial network phenotype in human placenta
No full textInternational audienceA growing body of epidemiological evidence links maternal exposure to air pollution with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birth weight. Cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO 2 NPs or nanoceria) are emerging pollutants, used as additives in diesel fuels and cigarettes for their catalytic properties, and released into the environment. Due to their high surface-to-volume ratio and reactivity, CeO 2 NPs develop a surface coating during combustion, which may incorporate other released fuel-borne chemicals, such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a known carcinogen, mutagen and reprotoxicant, raising concerns about their combined impacts on human health. To better reflect environmental reality, we produced BaP-coated CeO 2 NPs and exposed primary human trophoblasts and chorionic villi. Our findings show that BaP-coated CeO 2 NPs activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway, enhancing trophoblast differentiation and syncytium formation, with effects distinct from those of BaP or CeO₂ NPs alone, or their unbound mixture. Additionally, exposure to CeO 2 NPs alone altered homeostasis of mitochondria, affecting their phenotype and function. While individual exposures or BaP-coated CeO 2 NPs had no detectable impact, parallel co-exposure resulted in a slight but significant reduction in basal respiration. Finally, uncoated CeO 2 NPs altered placental steroidogenesis, increasing estrone level while decreasing dehydroepiandrosterone level, with sex-specific effects. These findings suggest that CeO 2 NPs can influence the biological effects of BaP in the human placenta, including modulating trophoblast differentiation, as well as disrupting mitochondria homeostasis and steroid production, with potential implications for pregnancy outcomes in polluted environments
Communiquer sa thèse auprès des acteurs non-académiques : retour d'expérience.
No full textInternational audienc
Les jeunes, leurs réseaux sociaux numériques et la prévention spécialisée : pour et contre.
No full textInternational audienceLes réseaux sociaux numériques sont des espaces de socialisation juvéniles consolidés, suscitant des interrogations chez les éducateurs et éducateurs de rue. Leur champ d'intervention privilégié étant la « rue » l'extension de leur action à l'espace numérique ne va pas de soi : comment répondre à la fois aux problématiques du travail de rue qui se manifestent dans l'espace numérique et aux problématiques liées au numérique qui se rejaillissent dans la rue ? Cet article explore la manière dont l’usage massif des réseaux sociaux numériques par les jeunes bouscule les bases morales de la professionnalité des éducatrices et éducateurs de rue. Il met en évidence deux approches distinctes selon lesquelles ils abordent ce phénomène dans leur pratique, soit sous une forme de rejet soit d’acceptation en tant que domaine d’intervention éducative, et examine les justifications et réactions qui soutiennent ces positions
Expressions explicites, unifiées et exactes pour les champs élastiques dans les problèmes d'inhomogénéités sphériques et circulaires avec des interfaces imparfaites de type Steigmann–Ogden, Gurtin–Murdoch ou Winkler
No full textNous remercions sincèrement le rapporteur pour ses commentaires et suggestions, qui nous ont permis d'améliorer la qualité de notre manuscrit. Nous avons examiné attentivement l'ensemble de ses remarques et avons révisé le manuscrit en conséquence.International audienceExpressions explicites, unifiées et exactes pour les champs élastiques dans les problèmes d'inhomogénéités sphériques et circulaires avec des interfaces imparfaites de type Steigmann–Ogden, Gurtin–Murdoch ou Winkle
Etude pilote : caractérisation biomécanique des tissus d'endométriose
No full textInternational audienceEtude pilote : caractérisation biomécanique des tissus d'endométrios
ScenaSuite : plateforme numérique multisensorielle pour créer des activités interactives sans programmation
No full text36eme conférence International Francophone sur l'Interaction Humai-Machine, 3-7 novembre 2025, La cité-Toulouse (https://ihm2025.afihm.org/)International audienceScenaSuite is a digital platform that enables non-programmers to independently create interactive multisensory activities, referred to as "scenagrams." It was developed in response to needs identified in several research projects, particularly the limited accessibility of digital tools requiring programming or algorithmic skills. ScenaSuite features an intuitive, code-free interface and is built on a modular architecture comprising several components: ScenaConnect (for communication between connected objects), ScenaProd (the authoring software), and devices that can be integrated into scenagrams, including ScenaBox (a multisensory unit), ScenaMouv (a gesture sensor), and ScenaClick (a five-button arcade device). The platform is also compatible with third-party devices such as EZ-Robot’s JD robots and Ovaom tools. ScenaSuite supports the design of scenagrams for education, rehabilitation, or well-being by engaging multiple user senses. It aims to foster engagement, autonomy, and adaptability in therapeutic or educational contexts, while maintaining a human-centered approach.ScenaSuite est une plateforme numérique qui permet à des personnes non informaticiennes de créer de manière autonome des activités interactives multisensorielles, appelées scénagrammes. Elle a été conçue pour répondre aux besoins identifiés dans plusieurs projets de recherche, notamment la difficulté d’accès aux outils numériques nécessitant des compétences en algorithmique. ScenaSuite offre une interface intuitive sans programmation informatique et s’appuie sur une architecture modulaire intégrant plusieurs éléments : ScenaConnect (communication entre objets connectés, ScenaProd (logiciel de création) et des dispositifs pouvant être utilisés dans des scénagrammes : ScenaBox (boîtier multisensoriel), ScenaMouv (capteur gestuel) et, ScenaClick (5 boutons d’arcade). La plateforme est également compatible avec des objets tiers comme les robots JD d’EZ-Robotou les dispositifs Ovaom. Elle permet de concevoir des scénagrammes pour l’enseignement, la rééducation ou le bien-être, en sollicitant plusieurs sens de l’utilisateur. ScenaSuite vise à favoriser l’engagement, l’autonomie et l’adaptabilité en contexte thérapeutique ou éducatif, tout en restant centrée sur l’humain
Protocol for generating realistic submicron mono-dispersed mineral dust particles in simulation chambers and laboratory experiments
No full textInternational audienceIn the last years, atmospheric simulation chambers and laboratory apparatus have emerged as a performing tool to mimic natural airborne mineral dust emitted from arid and semiarid soils worldwide, and to investigate their role on climate, which largely depends on their broad size distribution and mineralogical composition. While the capability of generation and injecting realistic poly-dispersed mineral dust aerosols from their natural parent soils exists, this paper describes a new technical protocol for generating monodispersed submicron dust particles using an Aerodynamic Aerosol Classifier (AAC) and injecting them in a rigid atmospheric simulation chamber. Results demonstrate the ability of reproducing the fine mode of the size distribution of two different types of dust generated from natural soils. We demonstrate the repeatability of the modal position and the ability of achieving a minimum mass concentration of 50 mg m -3 with three repeated injections of a maximum of 30 min. This protocol enhances the capability to study mineral dust's global effects and contributes to improving our understanding of its complex behavior in the atmosphere