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Prognosis Associated with Complete Pathological Response Following Neoadjuvant Treatment for PancreaTic AdenOcarciNOma in the FOFLIRINOX Era: the Multicenter TONO Study
No full textInternational audienceBackground: The use of multiagent FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a neoadjuvant setting has been associated with an increased rate of complete pathological response (CPR) after surgery. This study investigated the long-term outcomes of patients with CPR in a multicenter setting to identify prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS).Methods: This retrospective cohort study examined biopsy-proven pancreatic adenocarcinomas with CPR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy and surgery, between January 2006 and December 2023 across 22 French and 2 Belgian centers. Cox analyses were used to identify prognostic factors of OS and RFS.Results: There were 101 patients with CPR after chemotherapy (n = 58, 57.4%) and chemoradiotherapy (n = 43, 42.6%) followed by surgery. Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX was used in 90% of patients. The median OS after surgery was 177 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 58.9-177 months) with 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS rates of 93%, 75%, 63%, and 51%, respectively. The median RFS was 67.8 months (95% CI:34.4-NR) with 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year RFS rates of 83%, 58%, 54%, and 49%, respectively. The multivariate Cox analysis of OS and RFS showed that preoperative radiotherapy was an independent negative prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio (HR) 2.51; 95% CI 1.00-6.30; p = 0.03) and RFS (HR 2.62; 95% CI 1.27-5.41; p = 0.009).Conclusions: Complete pathologic response after neoadjuvant treatment is associated with remarkable long-term survival that is usually not seen after the resection of pancreatic adenocarcinomas. One-third of the patients still experienced disease recurrence, which was more common in those receiving preoperative chemoradiotherapy
ASO Visual Abstract: Prognosis Associated with Complete Pathological Response Following Neoadjuvant Treatment for Pancreatic AdenOcarciNOma in the FOFLIRINOX Era: The Multicenter TONO Study
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regularity of the minimizers for the inviscid total variation and Bingham fluid problems for data
No full textInternational audienceThe Bingham fluid model for viscoplastic materials involves the minimization of a nondifferentiable functional. The regularity of the associated solution is investigated here. The simplified scalar case is considered first: the total variation minimization problem. Our main result proves for a convex domain that a right-hand side gives a solution . Homogeneous Dirichlet conditions involve an additional trace term, then implies . In the case of the inviscid vector Bingham fluid model, boundary conditions are difficult to handle, but we prove the local regularity of the solution for . The proofs rely on several generalizations of a lemma due to Br\'ezis and on the viscous approximation. We obtain Euler--Lagrange characterizations of the solution. Homogeneous Dirichlet conditions on the viscous problem lead in the vanishing viscosity limit to relaxed boundary conditions of frictional type
Brasser les milliards de l’État grâce au carrousel de la TVA: un guide pratique avec la série d’argent et de sang
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How to disseminate the research results on climate change impacts in cities to guide adaptation public policies ? Application to the Paris region (France)
No full textInternational audienceThe construction of efficient climate services relies on the interaction between decision-makers and scientists. Urban heat island is an issue that already preoccupies public authorities and is likely to be exacerbated by climate change, making assessment of its evolution crucial for effective urban policymaking and to size adaptation measures. This study analyzed interviews with 13 public stakeholders in the Paris area (France), highlighting their diverse needs for urban climate data. Their feedback on the high-resolution climate projections for the Paris region was assessed to provide recommendations to researchers for the effective dissemination of urban climate data. Public stakeholders in the Paris area need urban climate data for various purposes (awareness, diagnosis, decision support, and evaluation) and thus seek diverse types and formats of information. High-resolution climate projections may meet parts of these needs, but two key points require attention: (i) climate models appear to be difficult to apprehend by public stakeholders, thus an effort of pedagogy is necessary, (ii) climate projections often extend to 2100, but stakeholders primarily need short-to medium-term forecasts that align with public policy timelines. Indicators on extreme impacts and risks are a strong demand of public actors, especially in the health and energy sectors. Additionally, since recent urban climate resources remain largely unseen by public actors, we recommend enhancing its dissemination through local institutes recognized by policymakers, such as urban planning agencies. In summary, this case study provided valuable insights into the key mechanisms required for effectively disseminating climate research to promote climate change adaptation. Practical informationThis study investigates how climate information could be better communicated and used by public stakeholders for decision-making, particularly in the case of adapting cities to climate change. Cities are indeed places with significant societal, economic and environmental importance and could be particularly impacted by the effects of climate change across various different sectors. Furthermore, urban areas are already subject to a phenomenon known as the urban heat island (UHI): with nighttime urban temperatures being a few degrees higher than the surrounding countryside. The intensity of the UHI can vary according to different factors depending on the city itself, the geographical context, and weather conditions. The effect is particularly exacerbated during heatwaves (Li and Bou-Zeid, 2013) which can worsen the consequence
– Le CICUR, une vision curriculaire. Préface de Oser une école commune: Les voies d'une ambition collective
No full textInternational audienceThis work is not a treatise on curriculum policy that would provide, ready-to-use, a list of measures to be taken to build a school for the commons. It is, in a way, much more than that, because it opens up new avenues for addressing an issue that requires collective analysis and action. After an outline of the principles that guide the work of reflection and proposal of the CICUR, it seeks, in processes already underway in different countries, ways of instilling curricular concerns in school policies. The first path is that of the approach by devices, which has the advantage of confronting the logic of public action with the characteristics, particularly cultural, of the contexts in which they intervene; the second takes into account an aspect often forgotten in the construction and implementation of solar programs: what the school does to students as subjects, particularly through their orientation; The third focuses on the schooling of contemporary digital practices, an immense challenge to be met, but also a remarkable opportunity to make the school itself a privileged instrument for the democratization of society. We invite readers to go through these few open doors in the black box that the school still constitutes with us and to contribute to opening others to thwart the logics of social reproduction that thrive out of sight.Cet ouvrage n'est pas un traité de politique curriculaire qui donnerait, clés en mains, la liste des mesures à prendre pour construire une école du commun. Il est, d'une certaine manière, bien plus que cela, car il ouvre des pistes nouvelles pour prendre en charge une question qui requiert l'analyse et l'action collectives. Après un exposé des principes qui guident le travail de réflexion et de proposition du CICUR, il recherche en effet, dans des processus déjà en cours dans différents pays, des manières d'insuffler des préoccupations curriculaires dans les politiques scolaires. La première voie est celle de l'approche par les dispositifs, qui présente l'intérêt de confronter les logiques de l'action publique aux caractéristiques, culturelles notamment, des contextes dans lesquels elles interviennent ; la deuxième prend en compte un aspect souvent oublié dans la construction et la mise en oeuvre des programmes solaires : ce que l'école fait aux élèves comme sujets, notamment par le biais de leur orientation ; la troisième focalise sur la scolarisation des pratiques numériques contemporaines, immense défi à relever, mais aussi remarquable opportunité de faire de l'école elle-même un instrument privilégié de démocratisation de la société. Nous invitons les lectrices et lecteurs à franchir avec nous ces quelques portes ouvertes dans la boite noire que constitue encore l'école et à contribuer à en ouvrir d'autres pour contrecarrer les logiques de reproduction sociale qui prospèrent à l'abri des regards
Macrofaunal biopores: Diversity and regeneration rates across diverse pedoclimatic conditions studied with repacked soil cores
No full textInternational audienceIt is well known that biopores are crucial for soil functioning. However, their dynamics is rarely studied and their origin with regards to the soil organisms involved is still hard to determine. In this study we investigated the diversity of biopores and their regeneration rates in situ in various pedoclimatic conditions. Our approach involved field incubation of repacked soil cores with lateral openings across nine study sites in five countries (France, Vietnam, India, Laos and Thailand). After 12 months, biopores were characterized by X-ray computed tomography and grouped according to their diameter, length and sphericity index using principal component analysis followed by K-means clustering. The regeneration dynamics of biopores was assessed by comparing those created after one year of incubation to the biopores determined in soil cores taken from the surrounding soils (assuming the latter are in a steady-state). Additionally, we examined the relationships between newly formed biopores and soil macrofauna taxa. Our results evidenced significant variability in biopore diameter (0.90 to 15.84 mm), length (1 to 1600 mm) and sphericity index (0.03 to 0.93). We propose 10 biopore groups allowing to distinguish most of the study sites. Complete regeneration of biopores after 12 months was achieved in seven out of nine sites. Three groups of biopores showed a positive relation with earthworm abundance (r values ranged from 0.69 to 0.90), whereas the other groups of biopores showed no association with any macrofauna taxa. We conclude that biopore formation can be assessed under field conditions with repacked soil cores, regardless the pedoclimatic conditions. However, the involvement of macrofauna other than earthworms in biopore formation still remains to be unraveled. To capture their contribution to biopore formation, improvements of the repacked soil core approach and complementary laboratory experiments were suggested
Guy Avanzini, une inspiration pédagogique et humaniste pour notre temps. Introduction du dossier.
No full textGuy Avanzini (1929-2022) a été une figure fondatrice des sciences de l’éducation commediscipline universitaire. Les contributions de ce dossier constituent des « premières contributions » pour nous permettre de tirer quelques fils réflexifs et d’organiser progressivement ce qui pourrait devenir notre projet scientifique pour les années à venir
Auctorialités théâtrales
No full textInternational audienceOffrant divers éclairages (juridique, sociologique, théorique, historique et littéraire), et croisant des approches variées (monographies, études d’ensemble, entretiens avec des ayants-droit et des auteurs, metteur en scène, éditeurs, directeurs de structure, cet ouvrage élaboré au sein du GRIET XIX-XXI (Groupe de recherche Interuniversitaire sur les Écritures théâtrales des XIXe-XXIe siècles) permet de penser la spécificité, la pluralité et la complexité des auctorialités théâtrales, aussi bien en diachronie (du XIXe siècle aux créations contemporaines) qu’en synchronie, en s’intéressant à la fois au texte et à son devenir scénique
Estimation of a pure-jump stable Cox-Ingersoll-Ross process
No full textInternational audienceWe consider a pure-jump stable Cox-Ingersoll-Ross (α-stable CIR) process driven by a non-symmetric stable Lévy process with jump activity α ∈ (1, 2) and we address the joint estimation of drift, scaling and jump activity parameters from high-frequency observations of the process on a fixed time period. We first prove the existence of a consistent, rate optimal and asymptotically conditionally gaussian estimator based on an approximation of the likelihood function. Moreover, uniqueness of the drift estimators is established assuming that the scaling coefficient and the jump activity are known or consistently estimated. Next we propose easy-toimplement preliminary estimators of all parameters and we improve them by a one-step procedure