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Modulation of the sex pheromone detection by nutritional and hormonal signals in a male insect
No full textInternational audienceAs in other animals, insects can modulate their odor-guided behaviors, especially sexual behavior, according to environmental and physiological factors such as the individual's nutritional state. This behavioral flexibility results from modifications of the olfactory pathways under the control of hormones. Most studies have focused on the central modulation of the olfactory system and less attention has been paid to the peripheral olfactory system. To understand how nutritional inputs influence the detection of sex pheromones in insects, we turned to the male moth Agrotis ipsilon for which the behavioral responsiveness to sex pheromones is dependent on diet and reproductive hormones, juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). We demonstrated that a sugar-rich diet with sodium increases the sensitivity of olfactory receptor neurons to (Z)-7-dodecen-1-yl acetate, the major sex pheromone compound, and the antennal expression of the pheromone binding protein (PBP2) and the pheromone receptor (OR3). Such a diet also induces overexpression of the Methoprene-tolerant receptor to JH and underexpression of the ecdysone receptor to 20E in antennae. The diet-induced olfactory responses were maintained by treatment with Cucurbitacin B, a 20E antagonist, but were suppressed by the topic application of Precocene, a JH biosynthesis inhibitor. These findings reveal that a positive nutritional state enhances the sex pheromone detection through JH actions on the peripheral actors of the pheromone system in male moths. More broadly in insects, our study provides, for the first time, a neuronal and molecular basis of the dietary-dependent endocrine modulation of the peripheral olfactory system
French national protocol for diagnosis and management of epidermal necrolysis in adults (Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis)
No full textQui a peur de L’Effondrement ? La série, vecteur politique hors de contrôle
No full textInternational audienceLes dystopies ont des vertus démonstratives indéniables et L’Effondrement ne fait pas exception. Cette mini-série à la réalisation maîtrisée et à la narration tendue expose aux spectateurs les conséquences de la fin de la civilisation thermo-industrielle. Ce cataclysme est rendu palpable par la rupture soudaine des chaînes logistiques : alimentation, carburant, médicament, tout vient à manquer… Dans un geste paradoxal, le scénario souligne que la solution vient de cette même logistique, incitant à une réflexion sur une nouvelle approche des flux, responsable et résiliente
Interlaboratory assays from the fungal PCR Initiative and the Modimucor Study Group to improve qPCR detection of Mucorales DNA in serum: one more step toward standardization
No full textInternational audienceThe aim of this study was to identify parameters influencing DNA extraction and PCR amplification efficiencies in an attempt to standardize Mucorales qPCR. The Fungal PCR Initiative Mucorales Laboratory Working Group distributed two panels of simulated samples to 26 laboratories: Panel A (six sera spiked with Mucorales DNA and one negative control serum) and Panel B (six Mucorales DNA extracts). Panel A underwent DNA extraction in each laboratory according to the local procedure and were sent to a central laboratory for testing using three different qPCR techniques: one in-house qPCR assay and two commercial assays (MucorGenius and Fungiplex). Panel B DNA extracts were PCR amplified in each laboratory using local procedures: nine in-house qPCR assays and two commercial kits (MucorGenius and MycoGENIE). All data were compiled and anonymously analyzed at the central laboratory. For Panel A, a total of six different automated platforms and five manual extraction methods were used. Positive rates were 64%, 70%, and 89%, for the MucorGenius, Fungiplex, and the in-house qPCR assay, respectively. Using a large volume of serum for DNA extraction provided the highest analytical sensitivity (82.5% for 1 mL compared with 62.7% for smaller volumes, P < 0.01). For Panel B, five in-house qPCR assays and two commercial kits had >78% positivity. Using larger PCR input volumes (≥7 µL) was associated with the highest sensitivity at 95.5% compared to 58.3% when lower input volumes were used ( P < 0.01). Using larger sample volumes for nucleic acid extraction and DNA template volumes for PCR amplification significantly improves the performance of Mucorales qPCR when testing serum. IMPORTANCE Mucormycosis is a life-threatening mold infection affecting immunosuppressed patients but also other patients with diabetes or trauma. Better survival is linked to shorter delays in diagnosis and treatment initiation. Detection of Mucorales-free DNA in serum or plasma using quantitative PCR allows a prompt diagnosis and earlier treatment. Several techniques and protocols of quantitative Mucorales PCR are used in Europe, and improving performance remains a common objective of laboratories participating in the fungal PCR Initiative Working Group. This study, which combined results from 26 laboratories in Europe, showed that the main parameters underpinning sensitivity are the preanalytical variables (volume of serum used for DNA extraction and DNA template volume), irrespective of the extraction platforms and qPCR assay/platform
Investigation of second-order magnetic transition and thermal hysteresis in cobalt-substituted Ce 2 Fe17 magnetocaloric compound
No full textInternational audienc
Cross-constraint basis theorems and products of partitions
No full textInternational audienceWe both survey and extend a new technique from Lu Liu to prove separation theorems between products of Ramsey-type theoremsover computable reducibility. We use this technique to show that Ramsey's theorem for -tuples and three colors is not computably reducible to finite products of Ramsey's theorem for -tuples and two colors
Sex‐based differences in heart failure management and outcomes: Insights from the French‐ DataHF cohort
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Aims Heart failure (HF) prognosis is influenced by demographic, clinical, and healthcare‐related factors, with sex playing a crucial role. However, sex‐based differences in HF management and outcomes remain insufficiently characterized in real‐world settings. This study aimed to assess sex‐related disparities in HF prognosis and management using a comprehensive nationwide cohort. Methods and results This study utilized the French‐DataHF cohort, including all French patients diagnosed with HF in the previous 5 years and alive on 1 January 2020. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) was applied to adjust for baseline differences in assessing prognosis and management. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality (ACM), while secondary outcomes included HF hospitalization and their composite. Survival analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for demographic, clinical, and healthcare factors. The study included 655 919 patients (48% female). One‐year ACM was 16.8% in females vs. 15.1% in males. In IPW‐adjusted analyses, females received less renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (52.8% vs. 61.5%), while a higher proportion had no annual cardiology follow‐up (33.8% vs. 27.9%). In the fully adjusted model, females had a 21% lower ACM risk (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–0.80) and a 15% lower composite outcome risk (aHR 0.85, 95% CI 0.85–0.86). Cardiology follow‐up was associated with lower ACM risk across sexes, with adjusted risk differences ranging from 21% for one consultation to 41% for ≥4 consultations. Conclusions While females had a better‐adjusted prognosis, disparities in guideline‐directed medical therapy utilization and cardiology follow‐up nonetheless persist. Enhancing access to specialized care for women with HF could further optimize outcomes and reduce mortality
Détection du Stress Post-Traumatique à l'Aide d'Enregistrements Audio : Une Approche Basée sur les Transformer Stochastiques
No full textInternational audienceDétection du Stress Post-Traumatique à l'Aide d'Enregistrements Audio : Une Approche Basée sur les Transformer Stochastique
« Accéder à la propriété à distance de « la cité » : trajectoires de descendants d’immigrés en quartier rénové
No full textInternational audienceLes politiques de rénovation urbaine lancées au début des années 2000 dans les quartiers prioritaires de la politique de la ville ont eu des effets sur les trajectoires résidentielles des habitants. La construction de résidences de logements neufs a permis à des descendants d’immigrés d’accéder à la propriété. Tout en conservant des attaches ou en revendiquant un rapport de familiarité avec ces quartiers, ces nouveaux propriétaires prennent leurs distances vis-à-vis de la vie en « cité ». Or la stigmatisation ethno-raciale de ces espaces résidentiels continue de peser sur leurs stratégies d’ascension sociale
