Publications scientifiques de l'EnvA
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Exploring how milk production, body weight and body condition dynamics affect reproductive success after artificial insemination in dairy goats
No full textInternational audienceIn the context of agroecological transition, breeding females with robust reproductive performance, leading to prolonged lactation sequences, is valuable for farmers. This study aimed to explore the relationship between artificial insemination (AI) success and phenotypic lactation curves that serve as proxies for key biological functions in Alpine and Saanen goats. Using data from two French experimental farms (1996–2021), the study analyzed time series data on milk yield (MY), body weight (BW), and sternal body condition score (BCS_S). These data were modeled at the lactation scale to characterize dynamic profiles and create clusters. Each phenotypic lactation curve was evaluated with three levels of detail: cluster membership, synthetic indicators, and model parameters. To investigate AI success, three datasets were used: 638 lactations with complete MY, BW, and BCS_S data; 1359 lactations with MY and BW; and separate sets with 1731 MY and 795 BCS_S records. A mixed logistic regression model (year as a random effect) assessed the relationship between AI success and phenotypic lactation curve characteristics. Results showed that for primiparous goats, AI success was influenced by MY clusters (p < 0.05), while in multiparous goats, MY and BCS_S clusters did not influence AI success. However, indicators such as persistency (p < 0.001) and BW repletion speed (p < 0.001) were significant. Overall, the lactation curve shape was more important to AI success than milk production level, offering insights for enhancing reproductive performance in dairy goats
Comparative evaluation of two autotransfusion devices in a 72h survival swine model of surgically induced controlled splenic bleeding
No full textInternational audienceAutotransfusion is a key strategy in hemorrhagic surgical procedures, reducing risks like disease transmission and immunosuppression due to allogenic transfusion. While conventional devices efficiently process red blood cells by centrifugation, they don’t address complications requiring additional platelet transfusions. The innovative same™ device (i-SEP, France), utilizing hollow-fiber filtration, preserves both red blood cells and platelets without damaging cell integrity. This study designed as a prospective randomized controlled trial compared cell concentration and washout performances of two autotransfusion devices, a preclinical version of same™, the conventional centrifugation-based Xtra® (LivaNova, UK); and effects of retransfusion versus no transfusion in 21 Yucatan minipigs submitted to a surgically induced controlled splenic bleeding. Animals were divided into three groups (no-transfusion control group, same group and xtra group) and monitored postoperatively for 72 hours during which serial animal blood samples were collected for hematologic, biochemical and coagulation analyses and tests. Both autotransfusion devices showed high performances in red blood cell yields and concentrations, with a significant superiority of same™ device to preserve platelets. Animals from same and xtra groups retrieved similar rheological profiles and maintained a normal hematocrit compared to no-transfusion control animals. Coagulation profiles stayed within normal range in all groups. No adverse event on animals nor post-mortem sign of thrombosis were identified on autotransfused animals. The same™ device that can therefore be considered as an interesting alternative to conventional centrifugation-based devices. Further experiments are needed to provide evidence of platelets autotransfusion benefits in massive hemorrhagic procedures
Synthesis and in vitro/in silico evaluation of the antimalarial activity of potential amino-quinoline derivatives
No full textInternational audienceIn this study, a series of N-arylamino-7-chloroquinolines were synthesized via an alkylation reaction involving aniline derivatives (2) and 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1). Additionally, the synthesis of a library of N-aryl-N-benzylamino-7-chloroquinoline analogues, modified on the aniline nitrogen, has also reported. A structure-activity relationship (SAR) study was conducted to evaluate the biological efficacy and safety of these derivatives against chloroquine-sensitive (Pf3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (PfW2) Plasmodium falciparum strains. Compounds 5i and 5c showed promising efficacy against the Pf3D7 strain with IC 50 values of 0.25 μM and 0.54 μM, respectively, while compound 5l demonstrated significant activity against the PfW2 strain with an IC 50 of 5.82 μM. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was also evaluated on HUVEC cell lines. Additionally, their pharmacological and pharmacokinetic (ADME) properties were studied to predict their fate and identify promising candidates for further clinical studies
Contrasting temporal patterns and associations in Hyalomma marginatum microbial communities: key insights for the development of novel tick and tick-borne diseases control tools
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Background Hyalomma marginatum is an invasive tick species in southern mainland France that can carry several pathogens of human and animal interest. Because the tick microbiota represents a major factor that can potentially modulate the pathogen acquisition and transmission and might become a new control tool against ticks and tick-borne diseases, it is more than essential to identify the composition of the H. marginatum microbiota, its temporal dynamics and interactions (statistical association) between members of the tick microbiota. Methods From monthly tick samplings performed in the same site between February to September 2022, 281 adult ticks H. marginatum were collected from horses. The microbiota composition was characterised using a high throughput sequencing approach. Different statistical analyses allowed us to assess the influence of several factors (month, season, tick sex) on the H. marginatum microbial communities and reveal potential interactions among members of these communities. Results Apart of known obligate endosymbionts Francisella and Midichloria , and the hypothesised facultative endosymbiont ( Rickettsia ) that dominated the microbiota of H. marginatum , we detected Staphylococcus , Corynebacterium , Williamsia and Mycobacterium , usually described as commensal and/or environmental bacteria. The microbiota composition and bacterial networks differed between males and females, with males being more diverse and composed of more environmental bacteria. We reported several temporal shifts for both males and females into the microbiota composition and bacterial networks. The temporal shifts observed for females were more chaotic in terms of movements among nodes, compared to the male microbial communities that exhibited a more organised and stable dynamics. Conclusions The influence of tick sex and time on the holobiont H. marginatum underlines the importance of the scale at which the study is conducted. Highlights Obligate endosymbionts dominate the Hyalomma marginatum microbiota Environnemental bacteria are abundant in Hyalomma marginatum microbiota Both the bacterial composition and associations differed according to the tick sex Both the bacterial composition and associations were marked by many temporal shifts for both males and females Keystone taxa in tick microbiota were highly variable from one month to anothe
L’approche intégrée One Health en action : le cas des protistes zoonotiques Cryptosporidium et Giardia
No full textÉmergence de l’Angiostrongylose en Europe : impact de l’invasion des mollusques
No full textInternational audienc
Elucidating the landscape of genome-wide chromatin interaction sites of the lncRNA TUG1 in bovine cell lines and liver tissue
No full textInternational audienceLong-noncoding RNA (lncRNA) interact with DNA, RNA and proteins to regulate the epigenome and fundamental biological processes. In the bovine genome, the nature and mechanisms of lncRNA interactions with specific chromatin regions are unexplored yet. Here, we aimed to unravel the chromatin interaction sites of the evolutionary conserved lncRNA TUG1 in the bovine genome using ChIRP-seq (chromatin isolation by RNA precipitation) in two popular bovine cell lines (MDBK, MAC-T) and liver tissue. About half of the genome-wide TUG1 chromatin occupancy in the genome (3225, 3587 and 3,977 interaction sites in MDBK, MAC-T and liver, respectively) was associated with protein-coding genes. Observation of numerous concordant TUG1 chromatin interaction sites between MDBK and MAC-T cells and liver tissue was consistent with the known ubiquitous expression of TUG1. Analysis of overlaps between ChIRP-seq peaks and ATAC-seq peaks in MDBK and MAC-T cells pinpointed TUG1 chromatin interaction sites relevant for modulating chromatin accessibility
Perinatal impacts of fetal growth velocity on small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses: A retrospective cohort study in a tertiary center
No full textInternational audienceThe perinatal risk of reduced growth velocity among small for gestational age (SGA) has been poorly studied. Therefore, we assessed the impact of abdominal fetal growth velocity on perinatal morbidity and mortality among SGA fetuses with positive umbilical artery end‐diastolic flow. Material and Methods This retrospective, single‐center cohort study was conducted between January 1, 2018, and May 31, 2022, at a tertiary center. We included women with a singleton pregnancy, at least two ultrasounds with an estimated fetal weight in the <10th percentile at least 2 weeks apart between gestational weeks 24 and 36, and a positive umbilical artery end‐diastolic flow. Abdominal circumference growth velocity (ACGV) was calculated. For each ACGV, a z ‐score was calculated using INTERGROWTH‐21 standards. Reduced growth velocity (ACGV z score < −2) and normal (ACGV z score ≥ −2) groups were compared based on a composite perinatal criterion defined as one of the following: stillbirth, 5‐min Apgar score <7, arterial pH at birth <7.10, neonatal intensive care unit admission, or infant death before discharge. Results Among the 216 women included, 14.4% (31/216) had a fetus with reduced abdominal circumference growth velocity group and 85.6% (185/216) had a fetus with normal ACGV. Adverse neonatal outcomes occurred significantly more often in the reduced growth velocity group (58% in the reduced ACGV group vs 33% in the normal ACGV; p = 0.007). Nulliparous women, hypertensive disorders, and cerebroplacental redistribution at baseline and final Doppler examinations were significantly more frequent in the reduced ACGV group. After adjustment for confounding factors, ACGV z score < −2 was not significantly associated with an increased risk of perinatal adverse outcome (adjusted odds ratio [ORa] = 1.99), (95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.8–4.91]). However, hypertensive disorders (ORa = 4.48, 95% CI: [2–10.02]), cerebroplacental redistribution on the final Doppler examination (ORa = 3.12, 95% CI: [1.07–9.05]), and gestational diabetes (ORa = 3.72, 95% CI: [1.62–8.54]) remained statistically associated with increased perinatal morbidity risk. Conclusions Among SGA fetuses, reduced abdominal circumference growth velocity was not associated with an increased adverse perinatal outcome risk. Further studies are needed to determine the impact of growth velocity on the issues of SGA fetuses
Tracking invasion events: phylogeography of Hyalomma marginatum in the Mediterranean basin with a focus on Southern France
No full textInternational audienceHyalomma marginatum is a hard tick vector of various pathogens, including Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic fever virus, recently detected in French specimens. This species has a wide distribution from North Africa to Eastern Europe and has only recently been considered established in Southern France. These changes in species distribution led us to explore the genetic structure of tick populations in the Mediterranean basin and attempt to infer the origin of French populations. Methods We used two mitochondrial markers (12S rRNA and Cytochrome Oxidase 1) and genotyped ticks from nine Mediterranean countries. We compared genetic indices and haplotypic composition between these countries and the various French geographical populations. Results Across all countries, we showed significant genetic differentiation, with a certain proximity between neighboring countries. We found very different genetic compositions among the French geographic populations: some exhibited signs of recent expansion, while others suggested the presence of ancient populations. Conclusions It is possible that small populations of H. marginatum were already present in France and are now more abundant. This recent change in population structure could be owing to increased human activity and climate change. These factors, combined with a potentially high level of phenotypic plasticity, could facilitate H. marginatum conquest of more northerly latitudes in France and other European countries. Graphical Abstrac