Portail HAL du CIHEAM Montpellier
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Évaluation économique de la surexploitation des eaux souterraines dans la région du Maghreb
No full textInternational audienc
La durabilité de la chaîne d’approvisionnement en fruits et légumes à l’épreuve du Covid-19 : cas de la ville de Meknès au Maroc
No full textInternational audienceThis article aims to assess the sustainability of the Fruit and Vegetable Supply Chain (SCF &V ) of the city of Meknes in Morocco in the context of the Covid-19 health crisis. During this crisis, new and more sustainable food supply practices emerged (mutualized and proximity supply, reduction of food waste…) and thus made the CAF & L evolve towards a sustainability process. Our method was based on the calculation of the performance of 12 indicators composing 5 dimensions of sustainability (the territorial, economic, social, ecological and food security dimensions). The survey of 120 stakeholders revealed that sustainability improved by 30.73 points during the period of strict containment. On the other hand, the study showed that some areas are still vulnerable, such as the lack of social security coverage for employees and the weak coordination of stakeholders in CAF & L.Cet article vise à évaluer la durabilité de la chaîne d’approvisionnement en fruits et légumes (CAF & L) de la ville de Meknès au Maroc dans le contexte de la crise sanitaire du Covid-19. Durant cette crise, de nouvelles pratiques d’achat plus durables ont émergé (l’achat mutualisé et de proximité, la réduction des pertes…) et ont fait ainsi évoluer la CAF & L vers un processus de durabilité. Notre méthode a été basée sur le calcul de la performance de 12 indicateurs composant 5 dimensions de la durabilité (les dimensions territoriale, économique, sociale, écologique et de la sécurité alimentaire). L’enquête menée auprès de 120 acteurs a révélé que la durabilité s’est améliorée de 30,73 points pendant la période de strict confinement. En revanche, l’étude a montré que certains domaines sont encore vulnérables, comme l’absence de la couverture sociale des salariés et la faible coordination des acteurs dans la CAF & L
Circular bioeconomy for olive oil waste and by-product valorisation: Actors’ strategies and conditions in the Mediterranean area
No full textInternational audienceThe circular economy and bioeconomy can contribute to transitioning towards more sustainable production and consumption in the olive oil sector. This article is the first to analyse multi-actor strategies and multi-level socioeconomic conditions for olive oil waste and by-product valorisation in the Mediterranean area using circular bioeconomy principles. Government policies, the strategies of corporations and farmers and consumers' perceptions are discussed, and various methods are applied, such as desk reviews, case studies and quantitative and qualitative surveys. The findings show strong aspirations for improved sustainability in the olive industry. Furthermore, waste and by-product valorisation strategies foster the creation of innovative practices. However, a common regulatory framework, public financial measures, new circular business models using innovative technologies, multi-actor collaboration and increased consumer awareness of the circular economy and new olive oil waste-based products are necessary for more efficient and sustainable use of olive resources. The policy and management recommendations presented in this study may aid in improving and innovating frameworks and practices for better sustainable management of valuable olive resources
Gouvernance foncière et lutte contre la dégradation des terres : prendre au sérieux les droits fonciers et les processus sociaux
No full textPolicy brief élaborée par le Pôle Foncier de Montpellier à la demande de l'IRD pour informer les débats dans le cadre de la COP15 sur la désertification, à Abidjan, du 09 au 20 mai 2022 : note conceptuelleParallèlement aux phénomènes climatiques, la dégradation des terres résulte d'activités humaines qui surexploitent des écosystèmes. Or, rares sont les espaces vides et sans droits. Toute intervention sur un écosystème prend place dans des espaces qui sont occupés, appropriés et exploités par des sociétés locales-agricoles, pastorales ou extractivistes-selon leurs propres règles. Les liens entre dynamiques foncières et dynamiques de dégradation sont un ainsi enjeu central des interventions visant à réhabiliter les terres
Be(e)ha(i)viour(e): assessment of honey consumption in Europe
No full textInternational audiencePurpose: Honey is a product that has been consumed for thousands of years owing to honey's nutritional value and unique properties. This survey aimed to assess factors affecting consumer behaviour for honey in countries of the Balkans and Western Europe, on a comparative basis. Design/methodology/approach: The high importance of honey consumption along with findings from previous surveys on consumer behaviour are included in the introduction chapter. Based on these, and focussing on the fundamental consumer behaviour theories (stimulus-organism-response (SOR) model, theory of planned behaviour (TPB), and health belief model (HBM)), a questionnaire was designed and answered by 2,113 individuals from the Balkans and Western Europe, of which 2,088 were honey consumers. Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis was used to interpret the results. Findings: According to the analysis, both Western Europeans and Balkans consume honey weekly, whilst only a few consume honey daily. A crucial difference between the two samples is that Western Europeans consider honey to be an expensive product, whilst Balkans considers honey's price acceptable. In general, men consume more honey than women, and households with children purchase honey more often and in more significant quantities. In conclusion, the main reason affecting European honey consumption is the health impact, which is related to therapeutic properties and high nutritional value of honey. Originality/value: PCA results clarified the factors affecting honey consumption, whilst at the same time, consumer profiles of Balkan and Western European consumers were outlined and compared with each other, outlining a more detailed description of honey consumption in Europe
Dynamiques collectives de micro-résistance par la RSE par des activistes académiques : auto-ethnographie collective dans une école de management française
No full textInternational audienceThrough a collective autoethnography, we describe how our group of academic activists -four women- has continued to support CSR activities in research and teaching practices and in all aspects of our business school’s operations to resist mainstream management education. We have done so while contesting the business-case approach to CSR and the pressures that threaten to undermine or lessen the importance of social and environmental issues in management education. Here, we describe the forms of resistance that we undertook, our identity work between resistance and compliance in our business school and our collective dynamics over time.A través de una auto-etnografía colectiva, describimos como nuestro grupo de activistas académicas -cuatro mujeres- a sostenido el desarrollo de actividades de RSE/desarrollo sostenible en sus practicas de investigación, educación y en diferentes campos de management en la escuela de negocios para resistir a la educación tradicional de la gestión. Explicamos nuestra resistencia frente a une lógica business-case and frente a presiones amenazando con cuestionar o reducir la integración de cuestiones sociales y ambientales en la formación en gestión. Describimos formas de resistencia que implementamos, nuestro reflexión sobre nuestra identidad de trabajo entre resistencia y conformidad, y nuestras dinámicas colectivas.À travers une auto-ethnographie collective, nous décrivons comment notre groupe d’activistes académiques -quatre femmes- a soutenu le développement des activités de RSE dans les pratiques de recherche et d’enseignement et dans tous les aspects du management de notre école de management pour résister à l’enseignement traditionnel de la gestion. Nous expliquons notre résistance à une logique de business- case et aux pressions menaçant de remettre en cause ou de réduire l’intégration de questions sociales et environnementales dans les formations en gestion. Nous décrivons ici les formes de résistance que nous avons entreprises, notre travail identitaire entre résistance et conformité dans notre école de management et nos dynamiques collectives dans le temps
Why go on vacation to Crete? Assessing the role of local cuisine
No full textInternational audienceThis research aims to assess British and Russian tourists’ consumer attitudes and preferences concerning Cretan cuisine as a driving force for selecting Crete for vacations, evaluating at the same time the overall gastronomic experience. For this purpose, we clarified crucial factors leading to the aforementioned final choice. Taking into consideration relative previous studies, a bilingual three-part questionnaire was created (British and Russian), and distributed to 249 respondents, of whom 126 were British, and 123 were Russian tourists. The vast majority of Russian and British tourists were satisfied with the island’s overall gastronomic experience. More specifically, the most significant factor, extracted from the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), for selecting Crete as a final destination for vacation, was the Cretan cuisine. British tourists are more willing to experience it and visit local restaurants. However, Russian visitors had a better knowledge of Cretan cuisine and gastronomy issues and were more ready to order a dish they had never tried before. Russian tourists expressed their intention to adopt Cretan foodstuff and recipes in their homeland and revisit Crete in the near future. This is not the case for the British at the same intention level. The educational level of the respondents is significantly interrelated with the importance of Cretan cuisine and an alternative gateway to get in touch with the traditions and culture of the island. Finally, it is evident that Russians emphasize the aforementioned issues more than the British
Characterisation tool for rural areas
No full textThis manual provides key information and instructions on the application and use of the SHERPA Characterisation Tool for rural areas. The tool was developed to examine the characteristics of rural areas in the EU. It consists of an excel file providing information on a set of indicators related to different key topics (e.g. climate, infrastructure, demography) based on data obtained from European databases (i.e. Eurostat, JRC)
Les services écosystémiques culturels rendus par les zones humides protégées en Méditerranée : élaboration d’un indicateur de suivi
No full textInternational audienceCultural ecosystem services benefits are often mentioned but seldom quantified in the scientific literature. The construction of a multi-criteria and non-monetary index based on multi-capital approaches aims to measure the recreational and educational benefits from visiting protected Mediterranean wetlands. Definition of the index structure results from a series of nine perception studies in Mediterranean wetlands. It is based on a grid with four types of capital that structure the analysis of the relationship between wetlands and societies: natural capital and built capital (condition capitals), human capital and social capital (impact capital). The index result for 19 Mediterranean sites is 0,68, showing global positive impacts of wetland visits on well-being. At the regional scale, natural capital holds the highest rank while human capital holds the lowest. Improving the impact of wetland visits on humans is thus a relevant target. Strengthening the effects on well-being also depends on the quality of the facilities offered at the sites. Natural and built services in an ecosystem have mutually to support each other so as to create positive impacts on well-being without damaging natural resources. At site level, results differ according to local strategic management choices and national environmental policies. This first step allows to establish a baseline and shows the index relevance with regard to both operational expectations and, in the field of research, on the evaluation of CES.Cette recherche cible l’élaboration d’un indicateur multicritère des services écosystémiques culturels (SEC) des zones humides méditerranéennes protégées. Basé sur les perceptions sociales des visiteurs, il vise la mesure de l’impact de la visite. Sa structure indicielle est adossée aux approches multi-capitaux. Avec un indice moyen de 0.68 obtenu sur 19 sites méditerranéens, cet impact sur le bien-être est indéniable. L’amélioration de cette valeur passe par un renforcement de l’impact humain des visites. Renforcer les effets de la visite dépend des aménagements proposés sur les sites. En effet, les services naturels et construits dans un écosystème doivent se renforcer mutuellement pour créer des impacts sur le bien-être des visiteurs. À l’échelle des sites, les choix locaux de gestion stratégique et la politique nationale environnementale déterminent le niveau des différents capitaux de l’indicateur
European consumers attitudes toward ethnic foods: case of date fruits
No full textInternational audienceThis study focuses on the perception of ethnic foods by European consumers. The aim of this work is to enrich the literature on the analysis of consumer perception of ethnic foods by focusing on the socio-demographic characteristics of consumers, the possible role played by product attributes, psychographic characteristics, and willingness to pay for these products, specifically date fruits. We surveyed a representative sample of 1123 Italian and French consumers. Using an ordered logit model, we found that, as for any other product, geographical indication, region of production, organic character, and fair trade are attributes that individuals consider in their purchase decisions for ethnic foods. Similarly, country of origin is a source of quality for ethnic foods such as dates. The results reveal that women, more educated individuals, and Generation Z (younger individuals) have a higher willingness to pay for organic, fair trade, and GI-labeled ethnic foods. Finally, this willingness to pay is driven more by product knowledge than by cognitive closeness to the ethnic food