Portail des publications scientifiques de VetAgro Sup
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Evaluation of the Factorial Structures of the Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) in France
No full textInternational audienceThis study aimed to evaluate the factorial structure of the French version of the C-BARQ by analyzing the behaviour of 246 dogs, based on responses from 248 participants, in order to confirm its potential applicability in France. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) identified 13 primary factors comprising 63 items, explaining 54.1 % of the total variance and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed a good fit with the original US model. The French version of the C-BARQ mirrors the core structure of other validated versions, confirming its cross-cultural robustness, while also highlighting certain specificities. The emergence of the combined factor "Stranger-directed aggression/fear" suggests that non-expert respondents may have difficulty distinguishing between these two dimensions. Two new factors—"Passerby-directed aggression " and "Compulsive-like behaviour"—emerged, likely reflecting the characteristics of the study sample and the inclusion of the full set of items. Other notable differences include the clustering of certain attachment-related items with those related to energy, forming a new factor labeled "Social excitability/energy," as well as the absence of the "Dog rivalry" factor due to insufficient responses. Overall, the results indicate that the French version of the C-BARQ is a valid tool for assessing canine behaviour. However, cultural, contextual, and demographic differences should be considered when interpreting the findings. This study paves the way for future research on the factors influencing perceptions of canine behaviour and on the adaptation of psychometric instruments across cultural contexts
Use of D-Squame® as a Minimally Invasive Technique to Evaluate Skin Immune Response Biomarkers in Canine Atopic Dermatitis
No full textInternational audienceEvaluation of skin inflammation biomarkers in canine atopic dermatitis (AD) currently requires skin biopsies. Tape stripping has been shown to be a reliable technique to study biomarkers in the stratum corneum (SC) in humans. The aim of this study was to assess the immune response and identify biomarkers in the SC of dogs with canine AD using D-squame® as a minimally invasive technique. Eight beagle dogs were epicutaneously sensitized to Dermatophagoides farinae extract after tape stripping on sensitized site (S); twice a week for 49 days. Two sites were determined: lesional site (L) and non-lesional site (NL) on eight dogs affected spontaneously with AD. Adhesive tape strips D-Squame® were applied on each site. Skin concentrations of 10 cytokines were analyzed with an ELISA kit. Our results revealed a significant increase of IL-13, IL-4, and TNF-α concentrations in S and L sites. Regarding IFN-γ, its concentration was significantly increased in L skin and increased but not significantly in S sites. All the alarmins were not differentially expressed except IL-33 in the S site. IL-31, IL-1β, and IL-10 were not detectable. D-squame® seems to be a suitable technique to extract inflammatory cytokines from the SC of dogs, and IL-13, IL-4, TNF-α, and IFN-γ could be interesting biomarkers of canine AD
Prise en charge nutritionnelle du surpoids et de l'obésité chez le Chien et le Chat: Cet article propose une stratégie nutritionnelle en 5 étapes pour optimiser le plan de perte de poids et limiter le risque de rechutes face à des cas de surpoids et d'obésité canine et féline
No full textNational audienceLe surpoids et l'obésité touchent 40 à 65 % des chiens et chats des pays occidentaux.Au-delà des contraintes mécaniques engendrées par un excédent corporel; l'obésité est une maladie inflammatoire chronique à l'origine de nombreuses comorbidités. Les plus fréquentes sont l'arthrose canine, qui peut apparaître jusqu'à 6 ans plus tôt, et le diabète félin dont le risque est multiplié jusqu'à 4. In fine, l'obésité entraîne une diminution de la qualité et de l'espérance de vie allant de 6 mois à 2,5 ans. Une prise en charge nutritionnelle adaptée est incontournable
Review - Quality of care in ruminants and equines
No full textThis review presents the knowledge and recommendations on the quality of care to animals and discusses how to ensure such care in ruminants and equines
Conduite à tenir lors d'une tamponnade: La tamponnade cardiaque est une urgence médicale aux répercussions hémodynamiques graves qui doit être prise en charge le plus rapidement possible
No full textNational audienceUn épanchement péricardique correspond à l'accumulation, plus ou moins rapide, de liquide dans l'espace péricardique.Une tamponnade cardiaque se développe lorsque la pression intrapéricardique augmente jusqu'à dépasser la pression de remplissage diastolique.Le remplissage ventriculaire devient alors défaillant, générant des signes d'hypoperfusion et/ou d'insuffisance cardiaque
A brief review on models for birds exposed to chemicals
No full textInternational audience“A Who’s Who of pesticides is therefore of concern to us all. If we are going to live so intimately with these chemicals eating and drinking them, taking them into the very marrow of our bones - we had better know something about their nature and their power.”—Rachel Carson, Silent Spring. In her day, Rachel Carson was right: plant protection products (PPP), like all the other chemical substances that humans increasingly release into the environment without further precaution, are among our worst enemies today (Bruhl and Zaller, 2019; Naidu et al., 2021; Tang et al., 2021; Topping et al., 2020). All compartments of the biosphere, air, soil and water, are potential reservoirs within which all species that live there are impaired. Birds are particularly concerned: PPP are recognized as a factor in the decline of their abundance and diversity predominantly in agricultural landscapes. Due to the restrictions on vertebrates testing, in silico-based approaches are an ideal choice alternative given input data are available. This is where the problem lies as we will illustrate in this paper. We performed an extensive literature search covering a long period of time, a wide diversity of bird species, a large range of chemical substances, and as many model types as possible to encompass all our future need to improve environmental risk assessment of chemicals for birds. In the end, we show that poultry species exposed to pesticides are the most studied at the individual level with physiologically based toxicokinetic models. To go beyond, with more species, more chemical types, over several levels of biological organization, we show that observed data are crucially missing (Gilbert, 2011). As a consequence, improving existing models or developing new ones could be like climbing Everest if no additional data can be gathered, especially on chemical effects and toxicodynamic aspects
Tiques et risque tique dans une démarche One Health en vallée d'Aspe
No full textInternational audienceTout a commencé avec les témoignages des habitants de la vallée d’Aspe sur l’évolution des populations de tiques et sur le nombre de personnes piquées et infectées. La Maison de Santé Pluridisciplinaire de la vallée d’Aspe s’est emparée de la problématique dans une démarche One Health. Ensuite, c’est une aventure humaine pour le bénéfice des hommes, des animaux et de l’environnement. Les partenaires impliqués dans le projet sont : CPIE Béarn, INRAE/VAS, PNP, ONF, CDEO64, MNHN/CNRS, OFB et bien sûr les citoyens bénévoles sans qui le projet n’aurait pas avancé. Venez découvrir le projet EPPAT : étude participative pluridimensionnelle dans la vallée d’Aspe sur le vecteur tique
Effet de la pollution lumineuse sur l’immunité d’un vertébré nocturne, le crapaud commun.
No full textInternational audienc
Temporary bilateral clamping of renal arteries induces ischemia–reperfusion: A new pig model of acute kidney injury using total intravenous anesthesia
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), and pigs are commonly used in preclinical AKI models. However, existing models often vary in the methods used to induce ischemia, and the resulting AKI tends to be mild‐to‐moderate. Moreover, follow‐up is often performed under volatile anesthesia, which, in contrast to total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA), can induce malignant hyperthermia and cause hemodynamic instability. Here we present a novel surgical model of IR‐induced AKI using bilateral renal artery clamping under TIVA. Anesthesia was induced via TIVA with diazepam, ketamine, and morphine. After retroperitoneal exposure, the renal arteries were isolated and clamped with a plastic tube for 90 min, followed by 8 h of reperfusion. The IR group ( n = 6) was compared with a Sham group ( n = 5) that underwent the same procedure without IR. The IR group developed moderate‐to‐severe AKI as evidenced by reduced glomerular filtration, a 158% increase in plasma creatinine versus 21% in the Sham group, and elevated neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin levels (+280% in IR vs. 0% in Sham), indicating tubular injury. Histopathology confirmed these findings. Thus, this preclinical model successfully induced moderate‐to‐severe AKI in pigs. The TIVA anesthetic protocol offered several advantages compared to halogenated gas anesthesia
Transdisciplinary Epidemiology to Better Understand, Prevent and Control Emerging Transboundary Animal Diseases
No full textMy research aims to gain a better understanding the dynamics of transboundary animal diseases, or TADs, in both endemic and disease-free settings, in order to support decision-making in the management of these complex health problems. TADs have considerable impacts on animal health, animal welfare and productivity. The numerous eco-epidemiological and social factors that affect the dynamics of disease transmission contribute to the creation of complex and locally specific epidemiological systems, where viral genetic diversity and interactions between several hosts converge to facilitate viral persistence, introduction and spread. In my research, I therefore focused on better understanding the spatial and spatio-temporal dynamics of emerging (and re-emerging) TADs and evaluating how these geographical heterogeneities may impact efficiency of disease surveillance and control strategies. In this context, my research was organized around three inter-related axes: i) Better understand the spatial determinants of disease risks, ii) Clarify how pathogens spread in structured populations, evaluate how such heterogeneities would affect disease transmission at different geographical scales and assess how these spatial heterogeneities may impact the cost- effectiveness of mitigation strategies, and iii) better understand how demography variations of natural populations (reservoirs or vectors) influence the local persistence and epidemic success of TADs in livestock populations.By design, my research is an interdisciplinary venture, combining ecology and epidemiology with statistics and biomathematics, clinical research, science communication and policymaking. This work has enabled me to appreciate the benefits of transdisciplinary approaches to better analyse disease transmission dynamics and develop appropriate responses. As such, in recent years, I complemented my quantitative approaches with qualitative research, looking at the social and individual decision-making aspects of livestock management and diseases prevention to provide novel and relevant ways to address the complex issues raised by TADs. This broadening of questioning provides a holistic understanding of veterinary public health situations and represents a novel framework, rooted in the implementation of the One Health approach, upon which both my research and teaching activities are based