Portail des publications scientifiques de VetAgro Sup
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Comparison of the Prevalence and Location of Trigger Points in Dressage and Show-Jumping Horses
No full textInternational audienceMyofascial trigger points (MTrPs) are localized, hypersensitive areas in muscles that can cause pain and reduced performance. This study aimed to compare the prevalence and location of MTrPs in show-jumping and dressage horses. A secondary objective was to evaluate the potential of thermography, pressure algometry, and facial expression scoring in characterizing MTrPs in horses. Fourteen horses (seven dressage, seven show-jumping) were examined. Muscle palpation was used to identify MTrPs. Thermography was used to compare the skin surface temperature of MTrPs with adjacent control areas. Additionally, facial expressions were recorded during palpation and scored by three blinded observers using the Horse Grimace Scale (HGS). MTrPs were found in all horses. Both groups showed a high prevalence (>60%) of MTrPs in the back. Dressage horses had a higher prevalence of MTPrs in the neck (17%) and a lower prevalence in the rump (17%) than show-jumping horses (3% and 30%, respectively). Temperatures at MTrP sites were significantly higher than at control points (p < 0.01). Facial expression scores were also significantly higher during MTrP palpation compared to control (16 [0–24] vs. 6 [0–19], p = 0.004). These findings open a perspective for better recognition and treatment of myofascial pain in athletic horses
Biomechanical comparison of 3 reparation methods on total and partial median sternotomy closure using a dog analog sternum bone model
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Digital technologies for water use and management in agriculture: Recent applications and future outlook
No full textInternational audienceThis article provides a comprehensive overview of digital technologies for water use and management in agriculture, examining recent applications and future prospects. It examines key water-related challenges- scarcity, pollution, inefficient use and climate change- and shows how various digital technologies such as Remote Sensing, Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, Big Data, Robotics, Smart Sensors and Blockchain can help address them. The review finds that these technologies offer significant potential for improving water management practices, with Remote Sensing and Artificial Intelligence emerging as the most versatile and widely adopted. Efficient irrigation strategies appear to be the most common application across technologies. Digital solutions significantly reduce water wastage, help identify pollution hotspots, and improve overall water resource management. For example, remote sensing-based approaches (e.g. UAV-mounted multispectral cameras) can accurately monitor soil moisture to optimise irrigation scheduling, while AI-driven models (e.g. random forest or neural networks) can predict groundwater recharge or forecast rainfall events. However, several barriers to widespread adoption are identified, including high implementation costs, lack of technical expertise, data management challenges, and infrastructure and connectivity constraints. The study concludes by suggesting priorities for future research and development, highlighting the need for integrated technological solutions, improved accessibility and affordability, improved efficiency and sustainability, improved water quality, enhanced data management capabilities, and strategies to address emerging concerns such as cybersecurity and the environmental impact of digital technologies themselves. This review aims to inform future research, policy and practice in agricultural water management and support the development of more productive, resilient and sustainable agricultural systems
Un cas d’encéphalite limbique féline
No full textInternational audienceA 4.5-year-old neutered male cat was presented with recurrent manifestations suggesting focal seizures associated with behavioral changes. MRI of the brain, analysis of cerebrospinal fluid, and electroencephalographic examination were suggestive of limbic encephalitis, although they could not confirm it with certainty. Limbic encephalitis was definitively confirmed through post-mortem histopathological examination combined with specific serum testing for anti-LGI1 antibodies. Feline limbic encephalitis with anti-LGI1 (EL-LGI1) is a form of autoimmune encephalitis recently recognized in cats, possibly caused by antibodies targeting the LGI1 protein. Similar to its human form, EL-LGI1 in cats manifests as focal seizures, often accompanied by oro-facial automatisms and behavioral changes such as aggression. The diagnosis relies on the detection of anti-LGI1 antibodies, although this test is not routinely available in veterinary medicine, especially in France. This case illustrates a typical example of limbic encephalitis for which a definitive diagnosis was established post-mortem and highlights the challenges of pre-mortem diagnosis.Un chat mâle castré de 4,5 ans a été présenté pour des manifestations récurrentes évoquant des crises épileptiques focales associées à une modification du comportement. L’examen IRM de l’encéphale, l’analyse du liquide cérébrospinal, et l’examen électroencéphalographique étaient évocateurs d’une encéphalite limbique, sans pour autant permettre de l’affirmer avec certitude. L’encéphalite limbique a pu être confirmer avec certitude grâce à l’examen anatomopathologique post-mortem couplé au dosage sérique spécifique des anticorps anti-LGI1. L’encéphalite limbique féline à anticorps anti-LGI1 (EL-LGI1) est une forme d’encéphalite auto-immune, récemment reconnue chez les chats, possiblement causée par des anticorps ciblant la protéine LGI1. Similaire à sa forme humaine, l’EL-LGI1 chez les chats se manifeste par des crises épileptiques focales, souvent accompagnées d’automatismes orofaciaux et de changement de comportement comme l’agressivité. Le diagnostic repose sur la détection des anticorps anti-LGI1, bien que ce dosage ne soit pas disponible en routine en médecine vétérinaire et particulièrement en France. Ce cas illustre un cas typique d’encéphalite limbique pour lequel un diagnostic a été établi avec certitude en post-mortem et souligne la difficulté du diagnostic pré-mortem
Clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and outcome in dogs with presumptive primary and reactive immune-mediated polyarthritis in France
No full textCopyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.International audienceLimited data exist regarding immune-mediated polyarthritis in dogs, particularly regarding reactive immune-mediated polyarthritis. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical presentations, the diagnostic findings, and the outcome of dogs diagnosed with presumptive primary and reactive immune-mediated polyarthritis in France, and to evaluate potential biomarkers for assessing treatment response. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for dogs diagnosed with immune-mediated polyarthritis between June 2004 and January 2020. Fifty-eight dogs were included, of which 43 diagnosed with primary and 15 with reactive immune-mediated polyarthritis. Associated diseases in dogs with reactive immune-mediated polyarthritis included leishmaniosis (7), digestive disorders (3), eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (3), bacterial infection (1), and gossypiboma (1). Overall, dogs showed a combination of joint swelling, pain, or heat. Anaemia (30 %), leucocytosis (47 %), high serum CRP (90 %) and low serum albumin (61 %) concentrations were the most frequent bloodwork abnormalities. Most dogs (74 %) experiencing complete clinical remission, and the mean time to remission was 37 days. Serum albumin, total proteins and globulins concentrations appeared as potential predictors for the time to remission. Clinical presentation and diagnostic features are not specific in dogs with immune-mediated polyarthritis. Overall, most dogs achieve clinical remission, but the time to achieve remission may be long. Serum albumin, total proteins and globulins concentrations may be predictors for the time to remission
Changes in fecal microbiota after therapeutic exposure to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in veal calves receiving multiple antibiotics
No full textInternational audienceAmoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC) is an important antibiotic in human and veterinary medicine. However, it can select antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the gut microbiota and alter its composition. In calves, AMC can be used to treat complicated infections. The impact of AMC on the calves’ gut is unknown; thus, we analyzed the effect of a five-day AMC treatment in veal calves suffering from omphalitis. AMC-treated calves ( n = 15) and a control untreated group ( n = 15) were enrolled from two farms. Stools were collected before AMC administration (D0), one day (D6), one month (D35), and two months (D55) after AMC withdrawal. The effect of AMC treatment on gut microbiota composition and resistance gene selection was analyzed by full-length 16S rRNA operon sequencing and qPCR, respectively. Selection of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant (ESC-R) Escherichia coli in calf’s fecal samples and dissemination in the farms’ environment were analyzed by cultivation and genome sequencing of isolates. After AMC treatment, alpha-diversity decreased in AMC-treated calves along with a decrease of the relative abundance of bacterial families beneficial for host health (Lachnospiraceae) and an increase of Pseudomonadota, grouping opportunistic pathogens. ESC-R E. coli carriage dynamics were different between calves sampled from each farm and seemed independent from AMC treatment. Besides, calves received other antibiotics that could have an impact on resistance selection. Certain clones of ESC-R E. coli demonstrated a widespread dissemination in the farm, both in calves hosted in distant zones and in their environment. To decrease the antibiotic resistance burden, it is essential to use antibiotics judiciously, alongside improving hygienic practices in farms. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic therapies can select resistant bacteria in the gut of treated hosts and deplete bacteria that are beneficial to the host health. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria selected in the gut of food-producing animals, like veal calves, are excreted and can then disseminate among animals, to the environment (through manure or water contamination) and to farmers who may further disseminate these organisms to other people in contact. Antibiotic resistance genes can disseminate among clones present in the gut of both animal and human hosts by horizontal gene transfer. Studying the impact of antibiotic therapies on the gut microbiota has One Health relevance. Thus, we aimed to (i) analyze the impact of AMC treatment on the selection of resistant bacteria in the calf gut and its composition and (ii) analyze the dissemination resistance in farms in order to advise on potential strategies to counteract further spread of these microorganisms
Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry Generates Adaptative Libraries of Glyco‐Dyn[n]Arenes That can Be Templated to Produce Anti‐Adhesive Glycoconjugates Targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa
No full textInternational audienceCarbohydrate‐protein interactions are important in cell‐cell communication, signal transduction, cancer, or infection. Chemists have designed glycosylated multivalent systems to mimic these recognition phenomena and produce potent ligands of lectins with therapeutic applications. Dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) provides access to libraries of glycosylated macrocycles equilibrating through reversible covalent bonds. This strategy can be applied to the rapid and efficient identification of multivalent glycoclusters by introducing a protein into the equilibrating library. This strategy allowed the identification of the best ligands for more than one lectin in a single experimental set up by using two simple 1,4‐dithiophenol building blocks. Selection of the best binder by each lectin (ConA, LecA, and LecB) was accompanied by the amplification of glyco‐dyn[3]arenes and glyco‐dyn[4]arenes. These macrocycles could be synthesized, isolated, and displayed nanomolar dissociation constants. Furthermore, while no toxicity could be detected against human cells or bacteria, their anti‐adhesive properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa were confirmed through a virulence assay on human cells. Altogether, extremely simple 1,4‐dithiophenol building blocks provided access to a large diversity of glycoconjugates that could be selected by a lectin in a simple experimental set up to identify glycoconjugates with potential anti‐infectious applications, thus speeding up the discovery of potential new antibacterial treatments
Enhanced olfactory performance in deaf Dalmatians: evidence for neurosensory compensation?
No full textCongenital deafness in dogs arises early in life and may lead to compensatory neuroplastic changes involving other sensory modalities. This study assessed whether deaf dogs exhibit enhanced olfactory performance compared to their hearing counterparts. A food search task conducted in a complex indoor environment was used to evaluate olfactory ability. Dogs were required to locate a single hidden kibble across progressively challenging hiding locations. After a learning phase, the evaluation focused on the most difficult conditions, where the kibble was neither visible nor accessible without olfactory guidance. Six purebred Dalmatians (three deaf, three hearing) were initially enrolled; two were excluded due to dropout or lack of motivation. All remaining dogs completed six training sessions before evaluation. Performance was measured as search speed (distance divided by search time), and group differences were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. Deaf dogs demonstrated significantly higher search speeds than hearing dogs under the most demanding conditions (kibble hidden at a height), but not under simpler ones. No significant effect of time since last meal or interval between sessions was observed. These preliminary findings suggest a potential enhancement of olfactory performance in deaf dogs, possibly as a compensatory response to early auditory deprivation
La barrière cutanée : rôle physiologique et implications thérapeutiques
No full textNational audienceLa barrière cutanée joue un rôle central dans le maintien de l'intégrité et des fonctions de la peau. Son altération favorise le passage d'allergènes ou de polluants, l'inflammation et les infections. Ce rôle majeur en fait une cible thérapeutique importante, notamment dans la dermatite atopique. Il semble donc indispensable de soutenir la barrière cutanée, lorsqu'elle est altérée, avec des soins topiques ou systémiques
Stratégie d’échantillonnage et protocoles d’acquisition des données permettant de caractériser les conditions stationnelles et les communautés végétales, d’acquérir des indicateurs fonctionnels et d’habitat d’espèces pour évaluer l’état de conservation de prairies et pelouses semi-naturelles de huit régions métropolitaines mises en oeuvre dans le cadre du projet SurPas (2018-2021)
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