Portail des publications scientifiques de VetAgro Sup
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Plaie de paturon combinée à une fracture de type II de la troisième phalange chez un mulet
No full textInternational audienceAn adult mule was presented with a purulent wound on the distal and medial third of the pastern of his right forelimb (MAD) accompanied by grade 5 lameness. A type II fracture of the third phalanx (P3) was diagnosed by radiological examination. Treatment consisted of analgesics, antibiotics, wound care and a flanged boot bandage, replaced by a Monkey splint the following week. Six (6) months later, a follow-up clinical examination showed a clear reduction in lameness estimated at grade 2 and a clear reduction in pain on palpation.Un mulet adulte est présenté avec une plaie purulente sur le tiers distal et médial du paturon de son membre antérieur droit (MAD) accompagné d’une boiterie de grade 5. Une fracture de type II de la troisième phalange (P3) a été diagnostiqué par examen radiologique. Le traitement a consisté en l’administration d’antalgique, d’antibiotiques, de soins de la plaie et de la mise en place d’un bandage renforcé par chaussure à rebord remplacé par une attelle de Monkey la semaine suivante. Six (6) mois plus tard, un examen clinique de suivi a montré une nette diminution de la boiterie estimée au grade 2 et une nette diminution de douleur à la palpation
High flow oxygen therapy versus conventional oxygen therapy in dogs and cats undergoing bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage: a pilot study
No full text3International audienceObjectives To evaluate the safety and feasibility of high flow oxygen therapy (HFOT), and to record SpO 2 and desaturation episodes in dogs and cats receiving HFOT or conventional oxygen therapy (COT) during bronchoscopy ± bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Materials and methods Dogs and cats undergoing bronchoscopy ± BAL between January and May 2023 were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups: HFOT (HFOT group; two cats and four dogs) and COT (COT group; one cat and five dogs). HFOT and COT were started at the beginning of the bronchoscopy. HFOT was delivered with a gas flow rate of 1 L/kg/min at an FiO 2 of 100% and a temperature of 34°C (pediatric mode) or 37°C (adult mode). COT was delivered through the working channel of the bronchoscope at a rate of 1.5 L/min. The safety and feasibility of HFOT were assessed, and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) was measured by pulse oximetry every 30 s throughout the procedure. Measurements and main results HFOT was feasible and safe in both dogs and cats with no complications reported. While there was no significant difference in the number of desaturation episodes (SpO 2 < 94%) between the two groups, none of the patients in the HFOT group experienced severe desaturation (SpO 2 < 90%). In contrast, two patients in the COT group had an SpO 2 < 90%. Mean SpO 2 was significantly higher in the HFOT group compared to the COT group at T0 (98% ± 2% vs. 94 ± 2%), T0.5 (98% ± 2% vs. 94% ± 3%) and T1 (98% ± 2% vs. 94% ± 4%). Conclusion To the authors’ knowledge, this is the largest study conducted to date using HFOT during bronchoscopy in dogs and cats. Our results suggest that HFOT is feasible and safe during bronchoscopy ± BAL. Furthermore, HFOT may reduce the risk of desaturation episodes in dogs and cats undergoing bronchoscopy and BAL
Development of a multiplex PCR for the detection of eight mycoplasma species in dogs with respiratory diseases
No full textInternational audienc
A comprehensive overview of blue-veined cheeses
No full text1/3International audienceBlue-veined cheeses are popular for their unique characteristics. The purpose of this review is to gather and consolidate data on blue cheeses worldwide and highlight their biochemical mechanisms and nutritional benefits. This review was able to identify more than 100 types of blue cheeses and describe their composition and characteristics. Some blue cheeses are distinguished by atypical manufacturing steps that give them specific traits. The ripening of blue-veined cheeses is highlighted by the growth of Penicillium roqueforti, which leads to a cascade of biochemical reactions that determine their unique sensory characteristics. From a nutritional standpoint, these cheeses constitute a valuable source of nutrients, including minerals, proteins and vitamins. Others are a source of bioactive peptides and essential amino acids. Finally, there are several prospects for adding value to these cheeses
CowPILOT -Piloter la note d'état corporel pour optimiser la reproduction des vaches laitières
No full textNational audienceThe aim of the CowPILOT project was to evaluate the possibility of individual control of body condition score (BCS) to optimize dairy cow reproduction. Surveys of farmers and technicians showed that its routine use to manage reproduction has still to be developed. Based on data from six experimental farms, profiles of variation in body condition during lactation were identified: 4 in the Holstein breed and 3 in the Normande breed. The differences in reproductive performance between the profiles were narrow. Farmers and advisors discussed ways of better managing BCS: they are not very inclined to do so during lactation. Adapting the duration of the dry period appeared to be an acceptable way of controlling BCS during the following lactation; the modelling approach confirmed its influence on reproductive performance.Le projet CowPILOT avait pour objectif d’évaluer la possibilité du pilotage individuel de la note d’état corporel (NEC) afin d’optimiser la reproduction des vaches laitières. Les enquêtes auprès d’éleveurs et techniciens ont indiqué que son utilisation en routine pour gérer la reproduction reste à construire. A partir de données issues de six fermes expérimentales, des profils d’évolution de l’état corporel au cours de la lactation ont pu être mis en évidence : 4 en race Holstein et 3 en race Normande.Les différences de performance de reproduction ont été de faible ampleur entre les profils. Éleveurs et conseillers ont échangé autour des leviers pour mieux piloter la NEC : ils y sont peu enclins au cours de la lactation. L’adaptation des durées de tarissement apparait comme un levier acceptable pour piloter la NEC lors de la lactation suivante ; l’approche par modélisation a confirmé son influence sur les performances de reproduction
Cross-transmission of resistant nematodes between wild ibex and transhumant sheep in French Alps
No full textInternational audienc
Beef muscle discrimination based on two-trace two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2T2D COS) combined with snapshot visible-near infrared multispectral imaging
No full text1International audienceThe purpose of this work was to assess the potential of 2T2D COS PLS-DA (two-trace two-dimensional correlationspectroscopy and partial least squares discriminant analysis) in conjunction with Visible Near infrared multispectral imaging (MSI) as a quick, non-destructive, and precise technique for classifying three beef muscles-Longissimus thoracis, Semimembranosus, and Biceps femoris- obtained from three breeds - the Blonde d’Aquitaine,Limousine, and Aberdeen Angus. The experiment was performed on 240 muscle samples. Before performing PLSDA, spectra were extracted from MSI images and processed by SNV (Standard Normal Variate), MSC (Multivariate Scattering Correction) or AREA (area under curve equal 1) and converted in synchronous and asynchronous 2T2D COS maps. The results of the study highlighted that combining synchronous and asynchronous2T2D COS maps before performing PLS-DA was the best strategy to discriminate between the three muscles(100% of classification accuracy and 0% of error)
Transcriptomic insights into the dominance of two phototrophs throughout the water column of a tropical hypersaline-alkaline crater lake (Dziani Dzaha, Mayotte)
No full text1International audienceSaline-alkaline lakes often shelter high biomasses despite challenging conditions, owing to the occurrence of highly adapted phototrophs. Dziani Dzaha (Mayotte) is one such lake characterized by the stable co-dominance of the cyanobacterium Limnospira platensis and the picoeukaryote Picocystis salinarum throughout its water column. Despite light penetrating only into the uppermost meter, the prevailing co-dominance of these species persists even in light- and oxygen-deprived zones. Here, a depth profile of phototrophs metatranscriptomes, annotated using genomic data from isolated strains, is employed to identify expression patterns of genes related to carbon processing pathways including photosynthesis, transporters and fermentation. The findings indicate a prominence of gene expression associated with photosynthesis, with a peak of expression around 1 m below the surface, although the light intensity is very low and only red and dark red wavelengths can reach it, given the very high turbidity linked to the high biomass of L. platensis . Experiments on strains confirmed that both species do grow under these wavelengths, at rates comparable to those obtained under white light. A decrease in the expression of photosynthesis-related genes was observed in L. platensis with increasing depth, whereas P. salinarum maintained a very high pool of psb A transcripts down to the deepest point as a possible adaptation against photodamage, in the absence and/or very low levels of expression of genes involved in protection. In the aphotic/anoxic zone, expression of genes involved in fermentation pathways suggests active metabolism of reserve or available dissolved carbon compounds. Overall, L. platensis seems to be adapted to the uppermost water layer, where it is probably maintained thanks to gas vesicles, as evidenced by high expression of the gvp A gene. In contrast, P. salinarum occurs at similar densities throughout the water column, with a peak in abundance and gene expression levels which suggests a better adaptation to lower light intensities. These slight differences may contribute to limited inter-specific competition, favoring stable co-dominance of these two phototrophs
Effects of the nerve growth factor and its carrier protein on the inflammatory response from human monocytes
No full text3International audienceBackground: The nerve growth factor (NGF) has been previously shown to be involved in cellular proliferation, differentiation, survival, or wound healing. This factor displays a variety of biological effects that yet remain to be explored. Previous data on cell lines show a pro-inflammatory role of NGF on monocytes.Objectives: The objective of the study was to investigate the pro-inflammatory effect of NGF, using a model of fresh human monocytes.Methods: Monocytes obtained from PBMC were exposed to NGF at various concentrations. Alternatively, monocytes were exposed to BSA, the NGF carrier protein without the NGF. Gene expression and cytokine release in the supernatant were monitored.Results: We found that NGF increased the expression of pro-inflammatory, chemotactic, and remodeling genes such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)8. The protein levels of CXCL8 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were also increased in the cell supernatants following NGF exposure. BSA alone was found to drive part of this response, bringing nuance to the inflammatory potential of the NGF.Conclusion: These data suggest that NGF is able to enhance monocyte inflammatory responses once cells are stimulated with another signal but is possibly not able to directly activate it. This could have implications for example in patients with bacterial infections, where NGF could worsen the local inflammation by over-activating immune cells
Minor and trace element concentrations in roe deer hair: A non-invasive method to define reference values in wildlife
No full text2/1International audienceMost chemical elements are crucial for life maintenance, but the intake of non-essential elements or inadequate concentrations of essential ones can have major consequences on wildlife health. However, concentrations of minor and trace elements remain largely unknown in free-ranging animals. This study aimed to establish the first reference values for 22 essential (Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Se, Zn) and non-essential (Al, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Sb, Sr, Ti, Tl) elements in roe deer hair (Capreolus capreolus), to assess the degree of covariation between elements, and to investigate how individual characteristics and environmental context influence minor and trace element profiles. To do so, 758 hair samples from 542 individuals were collected between 2016 and 2019 in five roe deer populations (i.e. Ain, Chizé, Châteauvillain-Arc-en-Barrois, Jura and Trois-Fontaines) inhabiting contrasted habitats in France. Compared to the scarce literature on minor and trace elements in roe deer hair, concentrations were generally lower, and correlations between elements were mostly positive. Element concentrations were also heterogeneously distributed among populations, with overall greater heterogeneity in two (i.e. Jura and Châteauvillain-Arc-en-Barrois) of the five populations, which could be explained by their specific environmental characteristics (e.g. vegetation, climate, altitude). Overall, minor and trace element concentrations did not differ according to age and sex. Further studies on element bioavailability are needed to clarify whether the observed heterogeneity of element concentrations in roe deer hair is primarily driven by individual or by geographical characteristics