Portail des publications scientifiques de VetAgro Sup
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Descriptive Analysis and Factors Associated With Relapse in Dogs With Presumptive Idiopathic Immune-Mediated Polyarthritis
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) is a joint disease common in dogs. Although its prognosis is generally favorable, relapses are frequent, and predictive factors for relapse remain poorly characterized. Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of medical management of IMPA in dogs and identify predictive factors for relapse. Animals: Client-owned dogs diagnosed with non-associative IMPA between 2010 and 2022 across four veterinary referral centers. Methods: This was a retrospective multicentric study. The data collected at the time of diagnosis, including signalment, clinical presentation, imaging, and laboratory findings, and treatments, were analyzed. Relapse was defined as the recurrence of clinical signs, CRP levels above the reference range, or both after remission. Associations with time from remission to relapse were assessed using univariate and multivariable Cox models. Results: Among 119 dogs, 114 (95.8%) achieved remission. Among the 85 dogs with relapse data, the median time to relapse was 6.5 months, with relapse rates of 43% at 6 months, 61% at 12 months, and 65% at 24 months. In the multivariable analysis, thrombocytosis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 5.5 [2.0-15.0] 95% , p < 0.001), lymphadenomegaly (aHR = 4.0 [1.5-11] 95% , p = 0.006) and lameness (aHR = 3.9 [1.2-12.2] 95% , p = 0.02) at initial admission were independently and significantly associated with time from remission to relapse. Conclusion:This study highlights a favorable clinical outcome for dogs with non-associative IMPA with high remission rates but substantial relapse risks. Lameness, lymphadenomegaly, and thrombocytosis are associated with a greater risk of relapse.</div
Vitamins formed by microorganisms in fermented foods: effects on human vitamin status—a systematic narrative review
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction Vitamin deficiencies remain a global health issue, particularly among vulnerable populations. As microorganisms also produce vitamins, this has led to considering Fermented Foods (FF) as potential vehicles for improving vitamin intake. This systematic narrative review, which exclusively relies on human studies, aims to assess the extent to which the consumption of vitamin-rich FF contributes to the maintenance or enhancement of vitamin status in healthy or deficient populations. Methods A comprehensive literature search (1970–2024) was conducted following the protocols of EFSA and the COST Action PIMENTO to identify interventional and observational studies investigating the influence of FF on biomarkers of vitamin status. Results Findings confirm that certain microorganisms, including Bacillus subtilis, Propionibacterium freudenreichii , and some lactic acid bacteria, can increase the levels of vitamins K2, B2, B9, and B12 in FF. Evidence of bioavailability and physiological effects is reported. Notably, folate (vitamin B9) bioavailability was enhanced in some cases following the consumption of Camembert cheese naturally rich in folate, while vitamin K2 status was effectively improved in several studies on natto (fermented soy) and in one study on Jarlsberg cheese. However, evidence for other B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6 and B12) is limited or inconsistent, and no human evidence exists for other vitamins. Vitamin bioavailability was found to be significantly influenced by the food matrix, fermentation type, microbial strain, and the form of the vitamin (vitamers). Effects may also be influenced by interactions with gut microbiota, including microbial vitamin synthesis and modulation of absorption. Discussion Despite encouraging data, there is a lack of well-controlled, large-scale human studies to validate FF as a sustainable strategy to improve vitamin status. Future human studies research should investigate strain-specific effects, food matrix interactions, and long-term health outcomes
Le local face à la catastrophe globale : retour d'enquêtes sur les expériences effondristes
No full textInternational audienceFace à la crise climatique et environnementale, aux déceptions politiques et au constat de la détérioration des conditions de vie et de travail en France, la décennie 2010 a été marquée par la montée en puissance de la thématique de l’effondrement civilisationnel dans l'espace public. Ce scénario catastrophiste, amplement repris et commenté tant dans la sphère médiatico-politique que dans les espaces militants ou universitaires, s’est imposé comme un des narratifs dominants lorsqu’il est question de l’avenir et des mutations sociales qui l’accompagnent. “L’effondrement” recouvre toutefois une pluralité de manières d’être saisi·e par la catastrophe et d’y faire face. À partir d’enquêtes portant sur des expériences effondristes diverses en France, cette communication à plusieurs voix interroge la place du local chez celles et ceux qui sont mu·es par l’idée de l’effondrement planétaire ; comment celle-ci façonne des pratiques et redéfinit des imaginaires politiques, non sans frictions
Main conclusions and perspectives from the collective scientific assessment of the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services along the land–sea continuum in France and French overseas territories
No full textErratum : 10.1007/s11356-025-36011-4International audiencePreservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services is critical for sustainable development and human well-being. However, an unprecedented erosion of biodiversity is observed and the use of plant protection products (PPP) has been identified as one of its main causes. In this context, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for the Environment, for Agriculture and for Research, a panel of 46 scientific experts ran a nearly 2-year-long (2020-2022) collective scientific assessment (CSA) of international scientific knowledge relating to the impacts of PPP on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The scope of this CSA covered the terrestrial, atmospheric, freshwater, and marine environments (with the exception of groundwater) in their continuity from the site of PPP application to the ocean, in France and French overseas territories, based on international knowledge produced on or transposable to this type of context (climate, PPP used, biodiversity present, etc.). Here, we provide a brief summary of the CSA's main conclusions, which were drawn from about 4500 international publications. Our analysis finds that PPP contaminate all environmental matrices, including biota, and cause direct and indirect ecotoxicological effects that unequivocally contribute to the decline of certain biological groups and alter certain ecosystem functions and services. Levers for action to limit PPP-driven pollution and effects on environmental compartments include local measures from plot to landscape scales and regulatory improvements. However, there are still significant gaps in knowledge regarding environmental contamination by PPPs and its effect on biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. Perspectives and research needs are proposed to address these gaps
Thrombose aortique et thromboembolie chez les bovins: Les causes, les méthodes diagnostiques et la prise en charge des cas de thrombose ou de thromboembolie chez le veau sont discutées au regard des connaissances acquises chez les carnivores domestiques et le cheval
No full textInternational audienceThe main cause of aortic thrombus formation appears to be infection in cattle, heart diseas ein cats, and hypercoagulability in dogs. Sudden onset paralysis seen in cattle is also a commonly described symptom of aortic thromboembolism in cats. Ante-mortem diagnostic methods, notably ultrasound and comparison of lactatemia between affected and unaffected limbs are fairly similar between the different species, but are less commonly performed in cattle. In cattle, often the farmer cannot instigate treatment for the required period of time and the diagnosis is confirmed at autopsy.Chez les bovins, la cause principale de la formation d'un thrombus aortique semble être une infection, alors qu'il s'agit plutôt d'une cardiopathie chez le chat ou d'un état d'hypercoagulabilité chez le chien. La paralysie d'apparition soudaine observée chez les bovins est un signe couramment décrit lors de thromboembolie aortique chez le chat. Les méthodes diagnostiques ante mortem sont assez similaires entre les différentes espèces, notamment l'échographie et la comparaison de la lactatémie entre les membres atteints et sains, mais elles sont moins mises en oeuvre chez les bovins. Chez ces derniers, la durée du traitement nécessaire conduit souvent l'éleveur à l'interrompre. Seule l'autopsie permet alors de confirmer le diagnostic
Carcinome épidermoïde du vestibule nasal chez un chien
No full textInternational audienceA 7-year old intact male Australian Shepherd dog is presented for surgical management of squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal vestibule. The animal is in permanent polypnea with intermittent epistaxis. The CT scan reveals a partial obstruction of the left nasal meatus by a mass. Histological analysis of incisional biopsies are in favor of squamous celle carcinoma. The mass is removed with a CO2 laser after a lateral rhinotomy approach. During surgery, an electrochemotherapy session with carboplatin is also carried out to minimize the risk of recurrence. The animal's appearance remains unchanged with this approach.Un chien berger australien mâle entier, âgé de 7 ans, est présenté pour la prise en charge chirurgicale d'un carcinome épidermoïde du vestibule nasal. L'animal est en polypnée permanente avec des épistaxis intermittentes. Le scanner révèle une obstruction partielle du méat nasal gauche par une masse. L'analyse histopathologique des biopsies est en faveur d'un carcinome épidermoïde. La masse est retirée avec un laser CO2 après un abord par une rhinotomie latérale. Lors de l'intervention, ne séance d'électrochimiothérapie avec de la carboplatine est également réalisée afin de minimiser le risque de récidive. L'aspect esthétique de l'animal est inchangé avec cet abord
The Principle of Redundant Reflection
No full textThe fact that redundant information does not update a rational belief implies that rational beliefs are updated using Bayes' rule. In the framework of Hild (1998a), this is true under mild conditions for discrete, continuous, and arbitrary measure spaces. We prove this result and illustrate it with two examples
Functional activities of French raw-milk cheeses on aging, mobility, muscle integrity, and chondrocyte protection using in vivo and in vitro models
No full textInternational audienceAging is associated with various musculoskeletal disorders (muscle and/or cartilage disorders) that can decrease both mobility and overall health span. This study investigated the biological activity of seven french raw-milk cheeses on longevity, mobility, muscle integrity during aging, and chondrocyte protection over time using both in vivo (Caenorhabditis elegans) and in vitro (human articular chondrocytes) models. All cheeses enhanced both longevity and mobility during aging in C. elegans. They all protected the muscle integrity of C. elegans over time. The investigations in vitro on an osteoarthritic model of chondrocytes were conducted with fractions (one polar and one apolar) from two cheeses. Among the four tested fractions, we observed a reduction of NO, PGE2 and MMP-13 productions in the chondrocytes. These findings highlight the biological activity of apolar fraction (containing the cheese lipid components) and suggest, re-evaluating cheese as a functional food with potential benefits for mobility and aging
Epicardial pacemaker placement in cats is associated with resolution of clinical signs and excellent quality of life
No full textInternational audienceOBJECTIVE To describe complications and outcomes in cats undergoing epicardial pacemaker (EP) implantation for artificial cardiac pacing and to investigate improvement in clinical signs and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) following surgery. METHODS 39 client-owned cats that underwent EP placement. Medical records of 4 UK-based referral hospitals were searched and data reviewed retrospectively between July 2010 and December 2022. An HRQoL questionnaire was used to assess outcomes and HRQoL. RESULTS The primary reasons for referral included collapsing episodes (n = 27) and bradycardia (31). Third-degree atrioventricular block (29 of 39) was the predominant indication for pacemaker placement. Intra- and postoperative complications were documented in 3 of 39 and 14 of 39 cats, respectively. All cats survived to discharge, and median follow-up time was 719 days (range, 9 to 2,285 days). Owners reported improvement in clinical signs, high level of satisfaction, and improved HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS Epicardial pacemaker placement effectively resolves clinical signs of bradyarrhythmias in cats, leading to significant improvements in HRQoL. Postoperative complications are common but do not impact the overall outcome. Cats undergoing EP placement have an excellent HRQoL with an improvement in clinical signs and a high level of owner satisfaction. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Epicardial pacemaker placement is the current method of choice for cats showing clinical signs and requiring artificial cardiac pacing. Despite the occurrence of postoperative complications, these did not adversely impact overall outcomes, with high owner satisfaction reported
Effets de la structure forestière sur l’endoparasitisme chez le chevreuil Capreolus capreolus
No full textInternational audienceParasitic infection by endoparasites is heterogeneous within a population. Such heterogeneity in parasitic status among individuals depends in particular on differences in their susceptibility to infection and in the habitats and resources used by the individuals. While several studies have aimed to identify individual factors and, mostly at large spatial scales, environmental factors that influence endoparasitism in wild populations, we aim in this study to investigate the influence of habitat quality (vegetation type, resource availability) on parasite burden within a population of roe deer living in a heterogeneous forest. We collected 1,469 fecal samples to measure the parasite burden on 952 roe deer captured between 1996 and 2020 in Chizé (France), a study site stratified into two contrasting sectors in terms of vegetation structure and resource quality. We quantified the effect of the sector on parasitism after considering the possible influences of age, sex, body mass and Julian date. The prevalence of parasitism was higher in individuals living in the poorer sector, but the intensity of the parasite burden was not influenced by the sector. These results suggest that within a host population, parasite infection risk would not be the same everywhere, probably due to differences in resource availability, vegetation species and density of host, showing the need to study parasitism at fine scales.L’infection parasitaire par les endoparasites est hétérogène au sein d’une population. Cette hétérogénéité du statut parasitaire entre individus dépend notamment des différences de sensibilité à l’infection et des habitats et ressources utilisés par les individus. Alors que plusieurs études ont cherché à identifier les facteurs individuels et, principalement à grande échelle spatiale, les facteurs environnementaux influençant l’endoparasitisme dans les populations sauvages, nous souhaitons, dans cette étude, étudier l’influence de la qualité de l’habitat (type de végétation, disponibilité des ressources) sur la charge parasitaire au sein d’une population de chevreuils vivant dans une forêt hétérogène. Nous avons collecté 1 469 échantillons fécaux afin de mesurer la charge parasitaire sur 952 chevreuils capturés entre 1996 et 2020 à Chizé (France), un site d’étude stratifié en deux secteurs contrastés en termes de structure de la végétation et de qualité des ressources. Nous avons quantifié l’effet du secteur sur le parasitisme après avoir pris en compte les influences possibles de l’âge, du sexe, de la masse corporelle et de la date julienne. La prévalence du parasitisme était plus élevée chez les individus vivant dans le secteur le plus pauvre, mais l’intensité de la charge parasitaire n’était pas influencée par le secteur. Ces résultats suggèrent qu’au sein d’une population hôte, le risque d’infection parasitaire ne serait pas le même partout, probablement en raison de différences de disponibilité des ressources, d’espèces végétales et de densité d’hôtes, ce qui souligne la nécessité d’étudier le parasitisme à des échelles fines