Portail des publications scientifiques de VetAgro Sup
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Ultrasound monitoring of corpus luteum morphological evolution and serum progesterone concentration in pregnant and non-pregnant dogs: A prospective, observational study
No full textInternational audienceThe corpus luteum is the only structure producing progesterone during pregnancy in dogs. The aim of this study was to characterise morphological changes of corpora lutea in the bitch and assess their relationship with body weight, serum progesterone concentration, and multiple resorptions. We monitored 26 bitches weekly from ovulation confirmation to 35 days post-ovulation, measuring the corpora lutea diameter via ultrasound examination in combination with progesterone assays. The pregnancy rate was 80.7% (21/26), and all pregnancies were carried to term. Dogs were classified into small (5–15 kg), medium (16–39 kg), and large breeds (40–65 kg). Dog weight significantly influenced mean luteal diameter (P < 0.001), which ranged from a mean ± SD of 3.4 ± 0.5 mm for small dogs to 6.0 ± 0.7 mm for large dogs on the day of ovulation confirmation. From ovulation confirmation to peak, corpora lutea grew significantly (2.1 ± 1.2 mm; P < 0.001) and returned to their initial size by day 35. Surprisingly, one-third of maximum corpora lutea exceeded 1 cm before undergoing subsequent physiological diametric reduction. This growth in luteal diameter was positively correlated with serum progesterone concentration (P < 0.05). This study provides novel findings on canine corpus luteum characteristics, not previously described in literature, which could aid ovulation detection and differentiation between physiological and potentially pathological structures
Suivre au quotidien le bien-être de bovins en ferme expérimentale INRAE : utilisation de grilles d’observation
No full textNational audienceRegulations on animal experimentation require the monitoring of animals used for scientific purposes to be documented and formalized. INRAE, and more specifically the national SBEA network, has addressed this issue by co-creating species specific checklists for observation and assessment of animal welfare. For cattle, a daily observation checklist (denominated «assessment grid») is already being set up in the experimental facilities. This article presents the testimonies of staff at two of them.La réglementation sur l’expérimentation animale impose de tracer et de formaliser le suivi et la surveillance des animaux utilisés à des fins scientifiques. INRAE et plus précisément le Réseau national des SBEA se sont saisis de cette question afin de co-construire, par espèce, des grilles d’observation et d’évaluation du bien-être des animaux. Pour l’espèce bovine, une grille d’observation quotidienne est d’ores et déjà en cours de mise en place dans les unités et installations expérimentales. Cet article présente les témoignages d’agents de deux d’entre elles
Méthodes moléculaires pour l'étude des nématodes gastro-intestinaux des ongulés : revue des méthodes utilisées et objectifs scientifiques
No full textInternational audienceLes nématodes gastro-intestinaux (NGIs) représentent un défi majeur pour la gestion et la protection des animaux d’élevage comme des espèces sauvages. En effet, ils entrainent une dégradation de la santé de l’hôte, se traduisant par une perte de poids, d’énergie et de capacités de production (lait, laine, etc.). Chez les animaux sauvages, cet affaiblissement contribue à réduire la valeur adaptative des individus et représentent une réelle menace pour leur survie. Pour limiter ces effets, les éleveurs recourent aux antiparasitaires. Cependant, l’usage répété de d’anthelminthiques a favorisé la sélection de NGIs résistants aux antiparasitaires. Ces derniers se retrouvent également dans la faune sauvage, laquelle peut ainsi constituer un réservoir de NGIs résistants. L’essor des approches moléculaires a permis d’importantes avancées dans l’identification des populations parasitaires, et dans la compréhension des mécanismes de résistance et de transmission des parasites. Cependant, la diversité des outils et des méthodes disponibles peut rendre leur utilisation complexe. A travers une revue de la littérature, nous avons cherché à dresser un état des lieux des études moléculaires existantes et à évaluer leur potentiel pour le suivi, la quantification et l’analyse des NGIs. Notre revue a également permis d’identifier les axes de recherche les plus fréquemment explorés, ainsi que ceux qui gagneraient à être approfondis. Si les thématiques abordées sont nombreuses, certaines, comme la transmission des nématodes, demeurent encore peu étudiées. Par ailleurs, si la connaissance des NGIs chez les animaux domestiques est relativement bien documentée, elle reste lacunaire chez les espèces sauvages, en particulier chez la faune de montagne, et encore plus à l’interface entre ces deux groupes, alors que certaines espèces telles que les chèvres et les bouquetins sont amenées à se croiser fréquemment. Ces constats soulignent l’existence de nombreuses pistes de recherche encore inexplorées dans ce domaine
Traitement de <i>Chorioptes bovis</i> et amélioration du lymphoedème chronique progressif
No full textNational audienceRevue de presseRéférence : Brys M, Claerebout E, Chiers K. Alleviating lesions of chronic progressive lymphedema in Belgian draft horses by successfully treating Chorioptes bovis infestation with moxidectin 0.5% pour-on. Vet. Parasitol. 2023;324:11007
Environmental radioactivity impacts bioenergetic in tree frog of Fukushima
No full textInternational audienceThe Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in 2011 resulted in the contamination inradionuclides of the surrounding environment and led to a chronic exposure of local wildlife to ionizing radiation for over a decade. This study investigates the long-term effects of radiocontamination on the tree frogs (Dryophytes leopardus) in Fukushima Prefecture, focusing on bioenergetics, a major process that governs survival and reproduction. Males tree frogs were collected along a gradient of radiocontamination during the breeding season and their energy metabolism was examined, particularly in trunk muscles, heavily involved in calling, and liver, a key organ for detoxification. Our results show that aerobic metabolism in trunk muscles increases with ionizing radiation dose rate, associated with an increase in mitochondrial oxidative capacity. In contrast, liver tissues exhibit a decrease in aerobic metabolism, compensated by an upregulation of anaerobic processes, likely due to tricarboxylic acid cycle impairment. Additionally, we observed an increase in both the hepatosomatic index and overall body condition with rising ionizing radiation levels, indicating physiological changes. These findings suggest that more than ten years after the initial radiocontamination, metabolic processes and physical condition of tree frogs in Fukushima are still modulated in radiocontaminated areas. This highlights the need for further investigations into the ecological and evolutionary consequences of long-term ionizing radiation exposure in affected wildlife populations
Corrigendum to ‘Development and validation of a multi-target TaqMan qPCR method for detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato’ [Journal of Microbiological Methods 222 (2024) 106941]
No full textInternational audienceThe authors regret that the unit of concentration indicated for primers and probes in paragraph “2.2. qPCR protocols”, on page 3 of the article, is mM instead of nM. Currently, the manuscript reads “Each reaction had a final volume of 25 μl. It included 1× SsoAdvanced™ universal Probes Supermix (Bio-Rad, Hercules, USA), 200 mM of each probe, 600 mM of each primer”, but should have read “Each reaction had a final volume of 25 μl. It included 1× SsoAdvanced™ universal Probes Supermix (Bio-Rad, Hercules, USA), 200 nM of each probe, 600 nM of each primer.”.The authors also regret that in Supplementary Materials 2 and 3, as well as in Fig. 2 on page 5 of the article, the species name associated with the Borrelia bavariensis NMJW1 strain is Borrelia garinii instead of Borrelia bavariensis as correctly indicated in the text. In fig. 2, the legend reads “B. garinii”, but should have read “B. bavariensis”.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
Double-layered starch-based films containing citronella oil prepared by solution casting
No full textInternational audienceThe study aimed to determine the effect of drying time on the quality characteristics of the double-layer starch-based film and to evaluate the efficacy of citronella oil as a bioactive agent. The double-layered starch-based composite film was developed using a layer-by-layer solution casting method and dried for 15, 20, or 25 h. The citronella oil as an emulsion was added as a bioactive agent to one layer (food contact surface) at different levels (0, 1, 3, and 5 %, w/w). The film was evaluated for various physico-mechanical characteristics, thermal stability and bioactive properties. The results showed a significant impact of the drying time on the physical characteristics of the film and the most optimum results were found for the film dried for 20 h. The addition of citronella oil increased the thickness, water solubility, tensile strength, Young's modulus and heat absorption of the film and decreased the WVTR and elongation at break. An effect of the concentration was found and the film containing the highest concentration (5 %) of citronella oil showed bigger-sized inhibitory halos and lower IC50 values. Overall, this film proved to be effective in releasing citronella oil specifically on its inner active layer to inhibit microbial growth
Bioderived Green Algae Metabolite as a Latent Cross-Linking Agent for Protein-Based Hydrogels with High Potential for Skin Repair Applications
No full textInternational audienceDespite advances in wound treatment through tissue engineering, the rapid colonization of biomaterials by host cells remains a crucial step towards complete wound healing. Thanks to their excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, low antigenicity and cost-effectiveness, crosslinked hydrogels have attracted much attention as a viable solution for wound treatment. In this work, we have developed an inovative crosslinking method for gelatin-based hydrogels inspired by the wound closure mechanism of the green algae C. taxifolia. Caulerpenyne (CYN), a metabolite extracted from the algae, was used as a latent crosslinking agent for gelatin. The covalent crosslinking process is triggered by an in situ and ondemand deacetylation of the enol acetate functionalities of CYN in oxytoxin 2 (OXY) containing 1,4dialdehyde, which immediately reacts with the lysine residue in gelatin. The content of ε-amino groups in gelatin was monitored as a function of CYN concentration. Swelling and gel content were analyzed as a function of CYN concentration. Morphology, rheological and biological properties were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo tests. Cell adhesion and viability tests performed with OXY-crosslinked hydrogels and compared with non-crosslinked and genipin-crosslinked gelatin showed excellent performance.Their use in whole skin wounds in pigs showed that CYN-crosslinked hydrogels promoted complete skin regeneration without any cytotoxicity, making them extremely promising matrices in the field of regenerative medicine.</div
Les toxiques à tropisme cardiaque chez le cheval
No full textInternational audienceCardiotoxicity in horses can lead to severe cardiac disporders and, in some cases, sudden death. A marked bradycardia can indicate a toxic origin, although clinicalvariability often complicates diagnosis.The main identified causes include the ingestion of toxic plantes and exposure to ionophore antibiotics. Diagnosis relies on clinical observation, toxicological analyses and examination of post-mortem lesions. Treatment remains primarily symptomatic, as no specific antidote is currently available.La cardiotoxicité chez le cheval peut provoquer des troubles cardiaques sévères, voire une mort subite. Bien qu'une bradycardie marquée puisse orienter vers une origine toxique, le diagnostic se révèle parfois difficile à établir en raison de la variabilité des manifestations cliniques.Les principales causes identifiées sont l'ingestion de plantes toxiques et l'exposition aux antibiotiques ionophores. Le diagnostic repose sur l'observation des signes cliniques, les analyses toxicologiques et l'examen des lésions post-mortem. Les options thérapeutiques restent principalement symptomatiques, aucun antidote spécifique n'étant disponible
Clinical cases of Mycoplasma ovis in a group of rams following introduction to a new farm
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Acute clinical disease due to Mycoplasma ovis is lesscommon than the chronic presentation of ill thrift and anaemia.Case description: One ram was hospitalised for anaemia and icterusthat suddenly appeared last November 2024. It came from a groupof six rams, newly introduced in a host farm four months before theonset of icterus. Clinical investigation of the ram includedcoproscopic, metabolic and haematologic evaluations. Diagnostic ofpre-hepatic icterus was confirmed and treatment with oxytetracy-cline and blood transfusion saved the ram. Blood samples for PCR ofAnaplasma spp. and M. ovis were taken. A second ram with similarsigns died before treatment was possible, one week after the firstcase. Farm visits were performed to investigate the presence ofM. ovis in the remaining animals of the new introduced group and aproportion of the host flock by taking blood samples for PCR.Findings: The blood samples for PCR from the first ram were posi-tive for M. ovis and negative for Anaplasma spp. The samples forPCR of the ram group were all positive for M. ovis, those of the hostflock were positive in 50% (5/10), with lower Ct values for the newintroduced group than for the host flock.Conclusions: Introduction to the new farm and possible naivetytowards M. ovis could explain the occurrence of the acute clinicaldisease. This is supported by the difference in Ct values between thenew introduced group and host flock