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How do upstream competition and supply shocks affect investment decisions ?
No full textNational audienceWe study the effect of upstream competition and supply shocks on a buyer’s investment decisions, under demand uncertainty. Imperfect upstream competition leads to double marginalization. This effect is mitigated if the supplier pool is larger (when production costs are linear or in case of diseconomies of scale): The resulting lower equilibrium input price ultimately benefits the buyer and makes it more likely to invest sooner. A supply shock—that shrinks the supplier base—may increase the market power of the remaining suppliers and exacerbate double marginalization. Such a shock may arise either exogenously (due to a sudden external event) or endogenously (when profitability upstream is reduced). An exogenous shock, which leads to higher input prices and lower order quantities, reduces the profitability of the buyer, which is then less inclined to invest if more suppliers are affected by it. When the shock arises endogenously, the buyer may be better off and invest sooner if it subsidizes its supplier base as a way to maintain more competition upstream
Fooling Them, Not Me? How Fake News Affects Evaluators’ Reputation Judgments and Behavioral Intentions
No full textInternational audienceThe volume of fake news in the digital media landscape is increasing, creating a new threat to organizations’ reputations. At the same time, individuals are more aware of the existence of fake news. It thus remains unclear how fake news affects evaluators’ reputation judgments. In this article, we draw on the distinction between first-order judgments (i.e., an individual evaluator’s reputation judgment) and second-order judgments (i.e., an individual evaluator’s belief about the reputation judgments of other evaluators). We integrate this distinction with insights from communication research and social psychology to theorize how fake news affects reputation judgments and behavioral intentions. Through three experimental studies, we show that the negative effect of fake news is larger for second-order reputation judgments and that this effect is greater for organizations with a positive reputation. Furthermore, our results indicate that although fake news has a smaller effect on first-order judgments, the latter adapt to second-order judgments and thereby affect behavioral intentions. This article contributes, first, to the micro-cognitive perspective on reputation formation by taking the first step in developing a comprehensive understanding of the intricate impact of fake news on reputation and behavioral intentions. Second, this article contributes to our understanding of the role of a good prior reputation as a buffer or a burden.<br /
Advancing a Transformative Agenda Amid Institutional Complexity in Advertising: Introduction to Special Issue on New Challenges in Advertising–A Call for Transformation, Well-Being and Positive Social Change
No full textInternational audienceDrawing on Transformative Advertising Research (TAR), we frame advertising as a social institution shaped by — and capable of shaping — societal discourses around well-being and positive social change. We identify three forces that intensify this complexity: sociocultural shifts around identity and care, rapid technological change including the rise of agentic AI, and mounting environmental pressures around climate-conscious advertising. The six articles in this issue address these challenges across micro, meso, and macro levels, examining topics from digital advertising literacy among adolescents to stigma destigmatization and AI-generated models. We call on scholars to sustain momentum toward a responsible, inclusive, and transformative advertising agenda
The practice barometer: towards an anti-cannibal and trans-environmental agenda
No full textThis integrative review introduces the ‘practice barometer’ as a conceptual tool to assess and guide practice-based sustainability research in sociology and marketing. Drawing on an integrative analysis of the existing literature, we argue for the relevance of practice theory as a powerful framework for understanding sustainability, critiquing capitalism, and advancing scholarship. We outline a trans-environmental, anti-cannibal agenda for future research by combining Fraser’s theory of cannibal capitalism and Schatzki’s account of large phenomena. Positioned as a cross-disciplinary project, this agenda calls on scholars to move beyond disciplinary silos, ask deeper ontological questions, and engage in forms of scholarship that brave institutional constraints – advancing sustainability as a research practice, not merely a topic of study
De la modélisation et la scénarisation prospective à la prise de décision stratégique: Enjeux et défis d’une approche multidisciplinaire en Anthropocène
No full textInternational audienceLes bouleversements de l'Anthropocène font peser des risques existentiels sur les sociétés humaines et les organisations sociales et menacent l’habitabilité de la planète. Pour atténuer ces risques et contribuer à stabiliser les dérives environnementales, les organisations publiques et privées peuvent s’engager dans un effort d’anticipation des futurs possibles à l’horizon moyen et long-terme. Ce type de démarche prospective peut les aider à identifier et s’engager dans des transformations à la fois ambitieuses et concrètes.Les approches, méthodes et outils de modélisation et de scénarisation destinés aux décideurs doivent désormais intégrer de manière native et systémique les contraintes environnementales qui pèsent sur la capacité des acteurs à se projeter dans le futur et à agir à partir des enseignements qu’ils peuvent en tirer. Cependant, de nombreux défis, à la fois épistémologiques, théoriques et méthodologiques doivent être relevés pour y parvenir. Pour y répondre, il est essentiel de questionner ces outils, leur conception et leurs applications. La transdisciplinarité de cette réflexion est donc plus que jamais essentielle car il s’agit de faire dialoguer différentes disciplines afin de consolider des cadres et des méthodes adaptés pourconcevoir des stratégies et des prises de décision cohérentes et qui contribuent à préserver l’habitabilité de la planète.C’est à cette fin que le séminaire scientifique “From Modeling to Strategic Decision-Making Facing Planetary Boundaries” a réuni pendant cinq jours à l'École de Physique des Houches près de 70 contributeurs, à la fois chercheurs des différentes disciplines concernées par ces enjeux (sciences du système Terre, macroéconomie, ingénierie de modélisation, prospective, sciences de gestion, design, sociologie, géopolitique) et praticiens travaillant directement avec ces outils.Ce séminaire a cherché à explorer aussi largement que possible ces questions et à créer les synergies nécessaires pour y répondre. Nous remercions nos sponsors pour avoir rendu cet événement possible. Nous remercions également l'École de Physique des Houches pour sonaccueil. Bien que le sujet s’écarte de son champ d’étude traditionnel, cette institution poursuit sa tradition d’ouverture et se concentre sur des questions fondamentales cruciales pour l’avenir de nos sociétés
Trickle-Down Economics, Merit, and Redistribution: An Experiment with the Poorest and Richest US Americans
No full textInternational audienceDespite growing income inequality, demand for redistribution has remained stagnant, which is particularly puzzling for the poor. We investigate whether attitudes toward "trickle-down" economics and preferences for fairness affect demand for redistribution. We involve US residents in the bottom (N = 1,200) and top (N = 1,146) 20% of the income distribution in experimental redistributive decisions from high-income real-life entrepreneurs to low-income recipients. We find that entrepreneurs' activities with potential for trickle-down, such as high employment or innovation rates, are largely irrelevant to redistribution. Philanthropic donations, however, reduce redistribution demand among the poor. The most important factor for redistribution is the desire to sanction the "undeserving poor" and, to a lesser extent, to reward the "deserving rich", measured by daily working hours and the founding of the firm. Decisions by high-income and low-income participants generally follow the same patterns, are quantitatively similar, and are mediated by economic and political identity
Hybrid Warfare: A collection of Scenarios
No full textHybrid Warfare is nothing new but it has increasingly made the news - even if most of it remains beyond our awareness. Hybrid Warfare gathers all methods through which countries wage war against each other beyond traditional military, diplomatic and economic battlefields (cyber attacks, disinformation, transnational organized crime, appropriation of natural resources, lawfare, corruption, etc.). Such below-the-surface foreign aggressions are not limited to localized regions where armed forces shoot at each other trying to take each other’s positions. In hybrid warfare, society as a whole is the battlefield. In other words, hybrid warfare is not the concern of a few, but should concern all of us.Dedicated to non-military people, the book explains what Hybrid Warfare is and offers 12 case studies, stories that aim to enlighten the general public and serve as pedagogical tools in classrooms all around the globe. It casts a negotiation and conflict management light on hybrid warfare and invites awareness and perspective on the State of our world
On voting rules satisfying false-name-proofness and participation
No full textWe consider voting rules in settings where voters' identities are difficult to verify.Voters can manipulate the process by casting multiple votes under different identities or abstaining from voting. Immunities to such manipulations are called false-nameproofness and participation, respectively. For the universal domain of (strict) preferences, these properties together imply anonymity and are incompatible with neutrality.For the domain of preferences defined over all subsets of a given set of objects, both of these properties cannot be met by onto and object neutral rules that also satisfy the topsonly criterion. However, when preferences over subsets of objects are restricted to be separable, all these properties can be satisfied. Furthermore, the domain of separable preferences is maximal for these properties.</p
Microlevel Judgments of Organizational Legitimacy: How Validity Cues and Categorical Fit Shape Evaluators' Propriety Beliefs
No full textInternational audienceAbstract This study advances research on organizational legitimacy by examining the microlevel mechanisms through which evaluators form propriety beliefs. Building on legitimacy‐as‐perception research, which posits that evaluators rely on validity cues to make judgments, we argue that individual evaluators draw on broader, more nuanced sets of information than previously acknowledged. Specifically, we theorize and show how distinct validity cues (authorization and endorsement) that coexist combine with evaluators' perceptions of an organization's categorical fit to shape propriety beliefs. Across two factorial survey experiments (n = 1866), perceived categorical fit emerges as the strongest and most consistent predictor of propriety beliefs. Validity cues shape propriety beliefs, but their effects are far from uniform. The findings also reveal that cue valence matters and that complex interplays of validity cues distinctly influence propriety beliefs. This research contributes to legitimacy literature, and more specifically to microlevel legitimacy by offering a granular perspective on how propriety beliefs get constructed from diverse informational cues. By introducing categorical fit as a novel explanatory mechanism, we extend existing theory and encourage further investigations of how it influences microlevel legitimacy perceptions and how various combinations of validity cues can shape evaluations of organizational legitimacy
Studying Culture and Meaning Through Interpretative Computational Methods: From theory to method and back
No full textInternational audienceThe convergence of expanded data availability, technological breakthroughs, and evolving societal dynamics has rekindled scholarly interest in culture and meaning. Accompanying computational methods are advancing rapidly across natural language processing, digital image processing, machine learning, neural networks, and artificial intelligence, which creates unprecedented opportunities for cultural meaning analysis. The introduction to this special issue advances abductive theorizing and reflexive rendering to explore the dynamic interplay of theory generation, measurement, and interpretation, highlighting common themes across its five articles. Our analysis unfolds in three stages. We begin with an abductive examination of the culture and meaning theories covered in the articles, exploring how they shape data selection and preparation, as well as research designs for addressing theoretical questions. Next, we engage in reflexive rendering, scrutinizing data characteristics and representations, methodological approaches, computational methods, and the theoretical artifacts that emerge to advance theory development. Finally, we discuss possible contributions, challenges, and concerns when organizational research examines culture and meaning using computational methods