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Dishonesty in Developing Countries - What Did We Learn From Experiments?
No full textInternational audienceThis chapter reviews the recent literature on cheating and corruption to demonstrate the value that experimental methods hold for studying dishonesty in developing countries. Emphasizing the diversity of experimental methods, the chapter highlights the contributions of laboratory and field experiments to the measurement of cross-country differences and to the identification of the causes of corruption and cheating. This body of literature has provided evidence of the causal effect of social norms, institutions, group identity, and social status concerns. Moreover, the existing research has also delivered practical policy recommendations to ethics-related development problems
Stigmatizing commoning : How neoliberal hegemony eroded collective ability to deal with scarcity in Lebanon
No full textInternational audience"This paper examines how neoliberalism impedes the emergence of alternative organizations. Via a mix of (auto-)ethnography and memory work, it explains how neoliberal values replacing more traditional ones eroded the collective capacity to bring solutions to scarcity problems in today's Lebanon. It points to the stigmatization of the role of mothers, who once were the “guardians” of organizing around commons, and the alternative values necessary for that. It shows how neoliberal values undermined relationships and decisions based on affect, and promoted individualization and market-based expertise, thereby destroying the authority of traditional motherhood. Also, neoliberalism introduced the importance of branding and accumulation in a manner that made sharing very difficult. These changes in values prevented people who embraced neoliberal culture from benefiting from commoning practices in a context of scarcity. This happens at a time where scholars predict the end of the age of abundance and the importance of commoning as a social arrangement capable of ensuring overall well-being. The paper concludes with a discussion of the necessity of de-stigmatizing values that are not compatible with the neoliberal ideology for the sake of leaving open the possibility of organizing differently and adapting to a changing environment."<br/
Venture capital and methods of payment in mergers and acquisitions
No full textInternational audienceWe find evidence that venture capital (VC)-backed targets receive more stock as the method of payment in mergers and acquisitions than non-VC-backed targets do, even after controlling for self-selection bias, differences of characteristics between transactions of VC-backed and non-VC-backed targets and VC information bridge-building. VC-backed targets prefer stock of acquirers that are small, young, risky or invest intensively. In addition, we document that the ratio of stock is larger when the targets are financed by reputable VCs, a syndicate of VCs or VCs with low fund maturity. Overall, our findings suggest that VCs strategically hold shares of the acquirers that meet their investment preferences.<br /
Balancing structural IT capabilities for organizational agility in digital transformation: A resource orchestration view
No full textInternational audience"Purpose: To achieve digital transformation, organizations have continued to rely on integrating the capabilities of information technology (IT) to facilitate decision-making and developing their reconfiguration capability to enhance agile operations. The pressure imposed by digital transformation necessitates investigations on leveraging different IT capabilities to attain substantial organizational agility in an optimal configuration. This study aims to provide a new perspective on balancing IT structural capabilities and proposes a framework for evaluating their coalignment and complementary returns based on resource orchestration theory.Design/methodology/approach:A multi-method approach is used to evaluate the research model. This study tests hypotheses and explores the potential coalignment and complementary returns of balance in structural models and response surface analysis. Then, it analyzes the qualitative data and provides complementary findings to corroborate and confirm complex relationships.Findings:Balanced structural IT capabilities facilitate organizational agility but cooperate differently with internal (e.g. IT proactive stance) and external (e.g. environmental volatility) environmental factors. Balance between IT integration and reconfiguration must be maintained from several approaches during search/selection and configuration/deployment.Originality/value:This study theorizes and empirically investigates the interactive mechanisms of two IT capabilities in influencing organizational agility under different boundary conditions. It enriches the understanding of balancing capabilities for organizational agility in digital transformation."<br/
How Not to Turn the Grand Challenges Literature Into a Tower of Babel?
No full textInternational audience"The Grand Challenges literature brings under its umbrella a wide variety of disjointed phenomena but runs the risk of reinventing the wheel as well as overlooking incremental progress and past work. To avert this, scholars need to (dis)connect (dis)similar issues, build on past research on these issues, and create opportunities for generalizability through theoretical examinations."<br/
The biodiversity premium
No full textInternational audienceFocusing on biodiversity risks, we perform an empirical asset pricing analysis and document three main results. First, the factor going long on low biodiversity intensity assets and short on high biodiversity intensity ones as well as the factors based on the biodiversity intensity subcomponents (land use, greenhouse gases-GHG, air pollution, and water pollution) have heterogeneous dynamics but are not spanned by the Fama and French ( 2015) and carbon factors. Second, the biodiversity factor excluding the GHG subcomponent (ex-GHG) commands a positive risk premium on realized returns and a negative one on expected returns in the sector highly exposed to the double materiality of biodiversity risks (i.e., physical and transition risks). Third, we show that the negative premium of both the biodiversity and the ex-GHG biodiversity factors on expected returns has materialized strongly from 2021 onward and that it amplifies with attention to biodiversity issues and risk aversion
Building smart product-service systems capabilities for circular supply chains in the Industry 4.0 era
No full textInternational audienceA smart product-service system is an integrated digital infrastructure that brings together products and services to provide clients with a full range of options. A smart product-service system is a crucial capability that enhances collaboration among several parties in a supply chain and gives businesses valuable insights into performance. This study investigates (a) the zero-level capabilities (also known as organizational capabilities) that influence dynamic capabilities (i.e., smart circular product-service systems capabilities) building in the Industry 4.0 era while environmental dynamism acts as a moderator, and (b) how the smart circular product-service systems capabilities can support firms’ (financial and environmental) performance. Based on the data collected from the manufacturers who have been actively involved in smart circular product-service system based projects, our findings reveal that three zero-level capabilities (i.e., product lifetime database creation capabilities, analytics and business intelligence capabilities and actuating capabilities) are crucial for building dynamic capabilities (i.e., smart circular product-service systems capabilities) in a volatile business environment. Besides, we also highlight how these capabilities can positively affect firms’ financial and environmental performance
Disease X epidemic control using a stochastic model and a deterministic approximation: Performance comparison with and without parameter uncertainties
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L’inhumation, la crémation… et bientôt l’humusation ? Que nous dit le droit ?
No full textL'auteur met en lumière l'humusation (et ses enjeux juridiques) à travers cet article. Il s'agit d'une pratique funéraire plus écologique qui est de plus en plus proposée comme alternative à l'inhumation et la crémation qui sont les deux modes de sépultures légalement reconnus en France à l'heure actuelle