Recherche académique à emlyon business school
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Transcranial direct current stimulation suggests a causal role of the medial prefrontal cortex in learning social hierarchy
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Social hierarchies can be inferred through observational learning of social relationships between individuals. Yet, little is known about the causal role of specific brain regions in learning hierarchies. Here, using transcranial direct current stimulation, we show a causal role of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in learning social versus non-social hierarchies. In a Training phase, participants acquired knowledge about social and non-social hierarchies by trial and error. During a Test phase, they were presented with two items from hierarchies that were never encountered together, requiring them to make transitive inferences. Anodal stimulation over mPFC impaired social compared with non-social hierarchy learning, and this modulation was influenced by the relative social rank of the members (higher or lower status). Anodal stimulation also impaired transitive inference making, but only during early blocks before learning was established. Together, these findings demonstrate a causal role of the mPFC in learning social ranks by observation
The social determinants of unethical behavior
No full textInternational audienceThis review explores the social determinants of unethical behavior through a review of the recent experimental literature. It examines how decision-making environments, encompassing institutional frameworks, organizational structures, incentive schemes, peer influences, and social norms, affect unethical behaviors such as lying, corruption, tax evasion, or asset destruction. Key areas include the cultural roots of unethical behavior, the influence of markets and organizational cultures on moral values, the impact of competitive and cooperative incentive schemes, and the role of peer effects and social norms, social image and guilt. By analyzing the interaction between social determinants and individual behavior, the chapter highlights the complex dynamics that lead to unethical actions and suggests ways to harness these determinants to foster ethical conduct. The chapter concludes on interventions aimed at promoting ethical behavior, such as moral appeals and norm nudges
L'I.A., expression hymermatérialiste du besoin de Dieu [Pierre-Yves Gomez]
No full textXerfi Canal welcomed Pierre-Yves Gomez, Professor Emeritus at emlyon business school, Institut Français du Gouvernement des Entreprises, to talk about artificial intelligence as an expression of God's need.An interview conducted by Jean-Philippe Denis.Xerfi Canal a reçu Pierre-Yves Gomez, professeur émérite à emlyon business school, Institut Français du Gouvernement des Entreprises, pour parler de l'intelligence artificielle comme expression du besoin de Dieu.Une interview menée par Jean-Philippe Denis
Blockchain, tokens, smart contracts, and “decentralized autonomous organization”: Expanding and renewing the mechanisms of governance?
No full textInternational audienceBlockchain, tokens, smart contracts, and decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) are increasingly shaping discussions in media and research. The aim of this contribution is to explore how governance theory can clarify these concepts and how the application of theory to this new problem can also enrich governance theory itself. We focus on the technical environment (blockchain and tokens) that is at the heart of this new form of organization. By exploiting the intrinsic attributes of blockchain (decentralization, immutability, and transparency), smart contracts and DAOs are coordination mechanisms that expand the possibilities of interagent interactions and horizontal coordination, eliminating information asymmetries and the need for trusted third parties. In addition, by taking advantage of the transparency and immutability inherent in blockchain, smart contracts and DAOs make it possible to find and record agreements securely, automating contractual clauses. We argue that these technologies have a significant potential to renew the contractual approach to governance and to overcome some of the limitations of traditional theory
Roles of Innovation Leadership on Using Big Data Analytics to Establish Resilient Healthcare Supply Chains to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic : A Multimethodological Study
No full textInternational audienceThis article empirically examines the effect of big data analytics (BDA) on healthcare supply chain (HSC) innovation, supply chain responsiveness, and supply chain resilience under the moderating effect of innovation leadership in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The scanning interpretation–action–performance model and organization information processing theory are used to explain BDA, HSC innovation, responsiveness, and resilience relationships. First, the hypotheses were tested using data collected from 190 experienced respondents working in the healthcare industry. Our structural equation modeling analysis using the partial least squares (PLS) method revealed that BDA capabilities play a pivotal role in building a responsive HSC and improving innovation, which has contributed to resilience during the current pandemic situation. High innovation leadership strengthens the effect of BDA capabilities on HSC innovation. High innovation leadership also increases the effect of BDA capabilities on responsiveness. Second, we validated and supplemented the empirical research findings using inputs collected in 30 semistructured qualitative questionnaires. Our article makes a unique contribution from the perspective of innovation leaderships. In particular, we argue that the role of innovative leadership in the COVID-19 pandemic situation is critical as it indirectly affects HSC resilience when BDA is in place.<br /
The P-Value Debate and Implications for Management Research : The Significance of A Priori Probability
No full textInternational audienceThis paper argues that the P-value debate is grounded in the confusion between statistical significance testing and statistical inferences. Using results of statistical significance testing to make statistical inferences can lead to the validation of many specious theories. While errors in statistical significance testing refer to the probability of false positives, errors in statistical inferences lie in the inverse probability of false positives. The relationship between two probabilities is highly affected by a priori probability. A higher a priori probability decreases the probability of errors when using results of statistical significance testing for statistical inferences. By contrast, a lower a priori probability increases the probability of statistical inference errors even if the probability of false positives is low. In order to improve the reliability of statistical inferences, this paper draws on management research and proposes to better establish a priori probability through a dual dialogue with practical and theoretical worlds. By doing so, this paper underlines the pervasiveness of underdetermination and sheds light on the interplay of the a priori and the empirical in management research.P值之争的本质是人们把统计检验和统计推断混淆，直接用统计检验结果来进行统计推断。这导致许多似是而非的理论被接受。统计检验犯错的是假阳性概率。统计推断犯错的是假阳性之反概率。两种概率之间的数值关系受先验概率影响很大。先验概率越高，利用统计检验的结果进行推断所犯错误概率就越小。如果先验概率很小，即使假阳性概率很小，利用该结果进行推断所犯错误概率也很大。本文以管理学研究为例，提出解决该问题的办法是，通过与现实和与理论的双重对话来掌握先验概率，以提高基于统计检验的结果进行统计推断的可靠性。本文的科学哲学意义是，揭示了科学研究是先验与经验相统一的本质，以及科学研究的不充分决定性的特征。<br /
Devoted but Disconnected : Managing Role Conflict Through Interactional Control
No full textInternational audienceThe ideal worker is represented as constantly available for work. However, an increasing number and variety of workers experience conflict between work and family demands. Research has identified numerous practices to manage this conflict with positive implications for non-work relationships, but the implications of these practices for work relationships remain unclear. How do efforts to manage role conflict affect workplace relationships? To examine this question, we draw on ethnographic data from 72 STEM workers across three organizations. We find that workers who experienced role conflict interpreted interactions in the workplace—often unpredictable in timing, frequency, and length—as a threat to fulfilling both their work and family roles on a daily basis. Thus, they controlled work interactions to make time for both work and non-work roles. However, interactional control limited their sense of workplace belonging and opportunities for resource exchange. In contrast, workers who did not experience daily role conflict encouraged interactions, allowing these encounters to expand across time. As a result, their work extended into evenings and weekends, and they experienced a sense of belonging and more regular resource exchange. We identify how interactional control practices manage role conflict but limit the development of workplace relationships. We also expand the repertoire of how devotion to work can be performed, identifying the occupied worker who expresses devotion through focused and efficient work and interactions rather than availability for work and interactions.<br /
Embracing Food Well-Being: Lessons from Chefs’ Caring Actions in the Fight Against Food Waste
No full textInternational audienceThis research analyzes world-renowned chefs' fight against food waste as a manifestation of care, and aims to contribute to the understanding of food well-being (FWB). A qualitative study was conducted to analyze a large set of data triangulated from multiple sources (online streaming platforms, books, newspapers, magazines, websites, and social media channels). The findings reveal that, in proclaiming their responsibility to act against food waste, chefs challenge a wasteful food culture by weaving a web of care targeted at both supporting and training consumers and other stakeholders in the food supply chain. In doing so, the chefs leverage their position in society and within the food supply chain to connect multiple stakeholders in order to form a mutually beneficial and positive relationship with food. The results contribute to the conceptualization of FWB by highlighting the relational and dynamic nature of care in the FWB model. The study has policy implications for fighting food waste and enhancing FWB
Unpacking complementarity in innovation ecosystems : A configurational analysis of knowledge transfer for achieving breakthrough innovation
No full textInternational audienceTo achieve breakthrough innovation, firms often need to acquire complementary knowledge from cross-industry actors in the innovation ecosystem, where unique and supermodular complementarities make knowledge exchange essential for value co-creation. This study examines the impact of the acquisition of knowledge transfer on breakthrough innovation by considering the complementors of unique and supermodular complementarity. We draw on data from 51 firms in the Chinese information and communication technology sector and apply the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), in which we adopt factors on the complementor, relationship, and knowledge characteristics to determine the configurations that lead to firms' breakthrough innovation in the innovation ecosystem. The results show that several combinations of conditions drive firms' breakthrough innovation. Unique complementarities require conditions of explicit knowledge and cultural similarity within the realm of knowledge and complementors' characteristics. Conversely, supermodular complementarity underscores the importance of tacit knowledge, along with trust and tie strength within the characteristics of knowledge and relationships. Our study has practical and theoretical implications for complementors seeking breakthrough innovation in non-generic complementarities.<br /