Portail HAL de l’Université Claude Bernard Lyon
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Evidence of medium response to hard probes using correlations of Z bosons with hadrons in heavy ion collisions
No full textInternational audienceThe first measurement of pseudorapidity and azimuthal angle distributions relative to the momentum vector of a Z boson for low transverse momentum () charged hadrons in lead-lead (PbPb) collisions is presented. By studying the hadrons produced in an event with a high- Z boson (40 350 GeV), the analysis probes how the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) medium created in these collisions affects the parton recoiling opposite to the Z boson. Utilizing PbPb data at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy = 5.02 TeV from 2018 with an integrated luminosity of 1.67 nb and proton-proton (pp) data at the same energy from 2017 with 301 pb, the distributions are examined in bins of charged-hadron . A significant modification of the distributions for charged hadrons in the range 1 2 GeV in PbPb collisions is observed when compared to reference measurements from pp collisions. The data provide new information about the correlation between hard and soft particles in heavy ion collisions, which can be used to test predictions of various jet quenching models. The results are consistent with expectations of a hydrodynamic wake created when the QGP is depleted of energy by the parton propagating through it. Based on comparisons of PbPb data with pp references and predictions from theoretical models, this Letter presents the first evidence of medium-recoil and medium-hole effects caused by a hard probe
Towards a Smarter Homophone Correction Tool: A Case Study in Khmer Writing
No full textInternational audienceHomophone errors are a common challenge in written communication, affecting both high-resource languages, such as English, and low-resource languages, such as Khmer. These errors are often difficult to detect because they require contextual understanding rather than simple spelling correction. While existing spelling correction tools enhance text accuracy, they do little to improve users’ long-term writing skills, often leading to an over-reliance on automated corrections. This study aims to bridge this gap by investigating the challenges of homophone usage, specifically among Khmer users, and proposing a foundational theoretical blueprint for future solution development. Through a questionnaire-based survey, we analyzed the prevalence of homophone errors and their impact on Khmer speakers. Additionally, we conducted an experimental study using Typing Tracker, where participants transcribed audio-recorded articles to determine their ability to correctly use homophones in context. Based on these insights, we introduce Sor-Ser, an innovative conceptual approach that integrates Natural Language Processing (NLP) with Learning Analytics (LA) techniques. This preliminary framework provides a foundation for addressing homophone errors while enhancing writing proficiency. By addressing both error correction and skill development, Sor-Ser provides a potential pathway for improving Khmer writing accuracy while fostering long-term proficiency and confidence
Assemblage céramique de la cuisine de la maison des Tritons dans l’îlot des Comédiens, Délos
No full textInternational audienceThis study deals with in situ pottery assemblage characterization and chronology datas, all ware groups combined, at the time of Comedians house insula destruction or abort (Delos). This insula in Delos has been excavated between 1961 and 1965. Ph. Bruneau, who led these excavations, and his team, have published their results few years later (see EAD27). Even if a selection of complete vessels is included in this publication as a catalogue, most of pottery artefacts recorded at the time of excavations is failing in the monography. Besides that, excavations and recording reports of the team are so complete that they allow a deeper research about stratigraphical contexts. Then, putting complete vessels back in archaeological deposits and particularly in the last occupation deposit becomes possible. Although in situ vessels might be in small amount, assemblage of all pieces from different wares (fine, coarse, amphoras) attested to have been found lying on last occupied insula floor might give clues for trying to precise insula abort or destruction datation. This contribution shows the pottery assemblage from room AI in maison des Tritons
Lower‐Limb Strength in Alpine Skiing: Are Maximal, Explosive or Endurance Capacities More Important for Performance?
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT Maximal force production capacities are essential for skiing performance. Despite the evidence of dynamic demands and fatigue during racing, the relative importance of maximal, explosive, and endurance strength capacities remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the specific association between lower‐limb isometric maximal, rate of force development, and critical force to event‐specific skiing performance. Fifty‐nine skiers were recruited from national (NAT, n = 24) and regional (REG, n = 35) levels. Skiers had their isometric maximal force ( F max), maximal rate of force development (RFDmax), and critical force (CF) assessed on a leg press ergometer. NAT skiing performance in each skiing event (Slalom, Giant‐Slalom, Super‐G, Downhill) was defined as FIS points. For REG skiers, performance was represented in their total time to complete a controlled giant‐slalom race. Force production capacities were compared between NAT and REG using independent t‐tests, with the contribution of each force production capacity to performance (event‐specific FIS points for NAT and experimental race time for REG) assessed via stepwise linear regression models. The alpha value was set at 0.05. NAT presented higher F max (Hedges' g = 1.21, p < 0.001), RFDmax ( g = 1.01, p < 0.001), and CF ( g = 1.88, p < 0.001) than REG. For NAT, performance in Slalom was associated with RFDmax ( R 2 = 0.213) while CF was the sole predictor for Giant‐Slalom ( R 2 = 0.256), Super‐G ( R 2 = 0.209), and Downhill ( R 2 = 0.488). For REG, variance in race time was substantially explained by CF (model R 2 = 0.683). This study provides evidence of an event‐specific relationship between performance and force production capacities and notably the importance of isometric critical force
Male sterility in Drosophila hybrids revealed by a multi-generational transcriptomic analysis of genes and transposable elements in testes
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Pulse Catalytic Isopropanol Dehydration to Propylene Over Natural Acidic Clays: Comparison With Zeolite and Amorphous Silica‐Alumina
No full textInternational audienceThe potential of saponite clays, hydrous magnesium silicates with low content of aluminium, is investigated in the selective isopropanol catalytic dehydration to propylene. Their performances are compared with the activity of montmorillonite clays, low-alumina zeolite and amorphous silica–aluminas. All solids were characterized by XRD, N2 sorption isotherms, TGA-IR, NH3 adsorption FTIR, NH3/SO2 adsorption microcalorimetry, and solid-state 1H and 27Al NMR. The physico-chemical analyses show that the samples are predominantly mesoporous, except zeolite, with BET surface areas ranging from 130 to 430 m2/g. All catalysts display acidic character and are thermally stable below 300°C. Their catalytic performances were evaluated by using a pulse catalytic reactor set inside a calorimeter (DSC-GC). This technique offers a convenient way to screen industrially relevant temperature regimes that balance activity, selectivity and process economy of different type of solids. Catalytic testing revealed that below 150°C, clays outperformed amorphous silica-aluminas, whereas the zeolite, although giving high conversion, is not suitable for the application due to a low selectivity to propylene (10%). An optimized activation temperature is the key parameter allowing clays to preserve structural stability, moderate surface area with favorable pore structure and to maintain a suitable number of acid sites
The actin cytoskeleton is required to maintain plant cell division orientation against cellular geometry
No full textInternational audienceIn multicellular organisms, cell division shapes tissue architecture, cell identity, and function. In walled organisms like plants, division plane orientation irreversibly defines tissue topology and is tightly regulated. While divisions often follow the shortest path enclosing cell volume, certain cells deviate, dividing perpendicular to the growth axis. Tissue-scale mechanical stress has been proposed to guide such orientation, but how these cues are integrated remains unclear. Here, we reexamine the role of the actin cytoskeleton in orienting cell division in Arabidopsis root epidermis. Combining cell biology, genetics, pharmacological treatments, 3D segmentation, and modeling, we show that actin is a central molecular actor required to establish cell division orientation against the geometrical rules, highlighting its role in integrating spatial information
