HAL Portal UDL Université de Lyon
Not a member yet
327890 research outputs found
Sort by
Lateral-PLIF for Lumbar Spinal Arthrodesis: A Detailed Step-By-Step Surgical Technique
No full textInternational audiencePosterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is widely recognized as an effective surgical approach for treating degenerative lumbar spine conditions. To address challenges associated with the classical PLIF technique, such as the need for extensive neural retraction and the associated risk of dural tears, we developed a novel variant, the Lateral-PLIF, which optimizes cage placement to enhance outcomes and minimize risks. This article offers a detailed, step-by-step explanation of the procedure, highlighting its advantages in the operative field. Here we present a case of a posterior interbody fusion performed for a lumbar degenerative disease. The technique involves bilateral cage placement through the transition zone, between the central canal and intervertebral foramen, just above the lateral recess. This entry point is strategically chosen as it is safer for respecting the surrounding nervous structures, avoiding manipulation of the foraminal root, while reducing medial dural retraction and providing a better cage orientation. Finally, the technique keeps the advantages of the bilateral approach: direct bilateral decompression, high-quality discectomy, and endplates cleaning performed from each side, progressive distraction achieved from the disc space alternating right/left, and opportunity for massive bone grafting. Lateral-PLIF is a safe and effective surgical technique for lumbar interbody fusion. Its high fusion rate, improved functional outcomes, and low complication rates make it a promising alternative to traditional PLIF. This step-by-step article serves as a practical guide for surgeons, promoting the broader adoption and further validation of this technique in comparative studies
L’appropriation du domaine public par un tiers : French paradox domanial
No full textInternational audienc
GWTC-4.0: Searches for Gravitational-Wave Lensing Signatures
No full textInternational audienceGravitational waves can be gravitationally lensed by massive objects along their path. Depending on the lens mass and the lens--source geometry, this can lead to the observation of a single distorted signal or multiple repeated events with the same frequency evolution. We present the results for gravitational-wave lensing searches on the data from the first part of the fourth LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA observing run (O4a). We search for strongly lensed events in the newly acquired data by (1) searching for an overall phase shift present in an image formed at a saddle point of the lens potential, (2) looking for pairs of detected candidates with consistent frequency evolution, and (3) identifying sub-threshold counterpart candidates to the detected signals. Beyond strong lensing, we also look for lensing-induced distortions in all detected signals using an isolated point-mass model. We do not find evidence for strongly lensed gravitational-wave signals and use this result to constrain the rate of detectable strongly lensed events and the merger rate density of binary black holes at high redshift. In the search for single distorted lensed signals, we find one outlier: GW231123_135430, for which we report more detailed investigations. While this event is interesting, the associated waveform uncertainties make its interpretation complicated, and future observations of the populations of binary black holes and of gravitational lenses will help determine the probability that this event could be lensed
Enhancing online estimation of CBC parameters with the low-latency MBTA analysis
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, we describe the procedure implemented in the Multi-Band Template Analysis (MBTA) search pipeline to produce online posterior distributions of compact binary coalescence (CBC) gravitational-wave parameters. This procedure relies on an SNR optimizer technique, which consists of filtering dense local template banks. We present how these banks are constructed using information from the initial detection and detail how the results of the filtering are used to estimate source parameters and provide posterior distributions. We demonstrate the performance of our procedure on simulations and compare our source parameter estimates with the results from the first part of the fourth observing run (O4a) recently released by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration
Male sterility in Drosophila hybrids revealed by a multi-generational transcriptomic analysis of genes and transposable elements in testes
No full textInternational audienc
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sexual Addiction in Men Who Have Sex with Men Seeking Treatment for Problematic Chemsex: Findings from the CHAMELEON Cross-Sectional Study
No full textInternational audienceChemsex refers to sexualized drug use among men who have sex with men (MSM). Chemsex practices lead to problematic substance use, but sexuality can also deviate toward loss of control and harmful consequences, leading to sexual addiction. However, the determinants of sexual addiction in chemsex have been poorly investigated so far. In a 353-individual sample of MSM seeking addiction treatment for problematic chemsex, sexual addiction was screened using the Sex Addiction Screening Test. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were also assessed, including an assessment of all drugs reported as problematic by participants, but also psychiatric history, including psychiatric hospitalizations, other medical conditions, and at-risk practices of chemsex (e.g., slam, that is, injection drug use), or previous history of overdose, respectively. Using a stepwise logistic regression model, we explored the factors associated with sexual addiction. Multivariable analyses found that, compared to other MSM, those with sexual addiction (n = 39, 11.0%) exhibited older age (per one-year increase: aOR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01-1.08), increased likelihood of previous psychiatric hospitalization (aOR = 2.95; 95% CI: 1.36-6.31), and problematic methamphetamine use (aOR = 6.00; 95% CI: 2.54-14.17), respectively. Some other parameters were associated with sexual addiction only in bivariable comparisons, such as less frequent problematic gamma-hydroxybutyrate/gamma-butyrolactone (p < 0.05) and cathinone (p < 0.01) use. In conclusion, sexual addiction among MSM with problematic chemsex was associated with increased psychiatric problems, but also with specific substance use patterns, especially a striking preeminence of problematic methamphetamine use
ESMO Adaptation of Lines of Systemic Therapy (EnLiST): a consensus framework for standardising the designation of lines of therapy in solid tumours
No full textInternational audienceEnumeration of lines of therapy (LoT) is critical across oncology for ensuring optimal patient care, establishing uniform eligibility for clinical trial enrolment, standardising use of real-world data (RWD), and pooling data for research purposes. Building on an earlier proposal for assigning LoT in oncology, the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) developed the ESMO adaptation of Lines of Systemic Therapy (EnLiST) framework applicable to solid tumours across the full range of common clinical settings. A Delphi process was adopted to reach a consensus between expert representatives of multiple stakeholder perspectives including medical oncologists, clinical trialists, regulators, academics, patient advocates, experts from the pharmaceutical industry and clinical research organisations, artificial intelligence professionals, funding body specialists and ethicists. EnLiST provides a set of standard definitions, the format of reporting LoT, the minimum required data to be recorded, and guidelines for assigning LoT. In EnLiST, a LoT is separately assigned to systemic anticancer therapies (SACT) in the early (eLoT), advanced (aLoT) and investigational (iLoT) settings; each expressed as two numerals separated by a decimal point (e.g., 1.0). A change in SACT results in either a "New" LoT, a "Modified" LoT, or the "Same" LoT. A New LoT results from clinical progression of disease (cPD) or lack of adequate tumour response, and is recorded as the next sequential value to the left of the decimal point (e.g., following LoT 1.0, the New LoT will be LoT 2.0). If the change in treatment is for other reasons (e.g., intolerability), a Modified LoT is recorded and assigned the next sequential value to the right of the decimal point (e.g., following LoT 1.0, the Modified LoT will be LoT 1.1). EnLiST has been designed to serve the needs of a wide range of stakeholders while enhancing the quality of clinical care, clinical research and RWD
Multiple sclerosis and uveitis: Clinical characteristics and prognosis
No full textInternational audienceThe neurological prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) varies across clinical patterns but remains unclear when associated with uveitis
Multiple risk analysis at the interface between pastoral livestock systems and wildlife
No full textInternational audiencePastoral systems operate within constrained ecosystems where livestock, wildlife, and human activities coexist. This coexistence, increasingly intensified by global environmental and socio-economic changes generates multiple, complex, and still insufficiently integrated risks. Understanding these dynamics is essential to ensuring the long-term sustainability of pastoral territories. This article aims to characterize the main risks affecting pastoral livestock systems at the interface with wildlife through a large diversity of conditions. Thus, we conducted a systematic literature search and screening process, analyzing a wide range of cases based on a corpus of 6,078 scientific publications identified through eight targeted search equations. This method is therefore structured around (i) conducting an initial quantitative, temporal, and thematic analysis to provide an overview of the research landscape, (ii) examining research themes and publications to identify dominant risk areas and their interconnections, and (iii) performing an in-depth analysis of the selected case studies in order to provide more detailed description of each identified risk. From this investigation, we developed a risk analysis framework structured around three broad categories: (1) biological and ecological risks (zoonoses, parasitic diseases, predation, and competition); (2) socio-economic risks (financial losses, conflicts, and psychosocial impacts); and (3) amplifying systemic risks (climate change, societal transformations, and habitat loss and fragmentation). This study highlights risks that are multiple, interwoven and deeply embedded within complex socio-ecological systems. It shows that risk should be understood as an interdisciplinary concept, allowing us to move beyond sectoral perspectives and to reveal the multidimensional nature of the interface between wildlife and pastoral livestock systems, where ecological, health, economic, and social processes interact. While wildlife can represent a source of risk for agropastoral activities, the latter are also sometimes considered as generating risks and gradually rendered illegitimate in certain territories, thereby fueling tensions around conservation objectives and territorial management practices. Moreover, the deterioration of human–nature relationships emerges as a latent risk that shapes the dynamics of both conflict and cooperation. In this perspective, the findings invite us to rethink risk management through an integrated and inclusive approach, grounded in cooperation across disciplines, institutions, and knowledge systems. Finally, this article calls for a reevaluation of the conditions for a sustainable coexistence between livestock and wildlife, understood as management practices and land-use strategies that support wildlife conservation while enhancing the resilience of pastoral systems, and advocates for a systemic and place-based approach to risk analysis in the face of global changes
Structural and biochemical insights into the broad-spectrum TET enzyme from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii reveal the basis of substrate specificity in M42 aminopeptidases
No full textInternational audienceTET peptidases of the M42 family are ∼500 kDa hollow dodecameric complexes ubiquitous in prokaryotes. These enzymes act as strict aminopeptidases, catalyzing the removal of N-terminal amino acids from peptides. A common feature of M42 TET aminopeptidases characterized to date is their marked substrate preference for a limited subset of amino acids. Unlike other hyperthermophilic archaea studied so far, the autotrophic archaeon Methanocaldococcus jannaschii possesses only a single gene encoding an M42 peptidase. This enzyme, named MjTET, is the first reported M42 peptidase to exhibit broad amino acid specificity, including activity on aromatic residues. To assess their peptide degradation efficiencies, the catalytic constants of MjTET were compared to those of its close analogs from Pyrococcus horikoshii. The specialized TETs from P. horikoshii displayed higher catalytic efficiencies than the generalist MjTET, likely reflecting the reliance of Thermococcales on peptide fermentation for energy. Additionally, the structure of MjTET was resolved to 3 Å using cryo-EM and compared with the available models of the four P. horikoshii TETs to identify features underlying substrate specificity. This analysis, combined with mutagenesis studies, revealed a previously uncharacterized loop in the catalytic domain that contributes to substrate discrimination. Collectively, these findings show that substrate specificity in TET enzymes arises from a complex interplay of tertiary structure, oligomeric assembly, and electrostatic surface potential